Question

我需要提取块（在两个词之间：开始和结束）包含其他词（id）的文字。

例如：

2014-07-01 13:26:07,760 Start
2014-07-01 13:26:07,762 id: 456456454
2014-07-01 13:26:07,763 other
2014-07-01 13:26:07,764 End
2014-07-01 13:26:07,764 aaaaaaaa
2014-07-01 13:26:07,764 bbbbbbbb
2014-07-01 13:26:07,765 Start
2014-07-01 13:26:07,765 id: 930939023
2014-07-01 13:26:07,765 something
2014-07-01 13:26:07,766 End
2014-07-01 13:26:07,766 Start
2014-07-01 13:26:07,766 id: 876542
2014-07-01 13:26:07,766 other
2014-07-01 13:26:07,767 End
2014-07-01 13:26:07,767 aaaaaaaa
2014-07-01 13:26:07,767 bbbbbbbb
2014-07-01 13:26:07,767 Start
2014-07-01 13:26:07,767 id: 930939023
2014-07-01 13:26:07,768 something
2014-07-01 13:26:07,768 End
2014-07-01 13:26:07,768 Start
2014-07-01 13:26:07,768 id: 54654
2014-07-01 13:26:07,768 something
2014-07-01 13:26:07,769 End

对于id = 930939023，输出为

2014-07-01 13:26:07,765 Start
2014-07-01 13:26:07,765 id: 930939023
2014-07-01 13:26:07,765 something
2014-07-01 13:26:07,766 End
2014-07-01 13:26:07,767 Start
2014-07-01 13:26:07,767 id: 930939023
2014-07-01 13:26:07,768 something
2014-07-01 13:26:07,768 End

Answer 1

以下是使用sed的选项：

sed -n '/Start/{:a;/End/!{N;ba};/930939023/!d;p}' file

说明：

sed -n '                  # Suppress default printing
    /Start/ {             # When line contains Start
        :a;               # Create a label a for loop
        /End/! {          # Until a line with End is seen
            N;            # Append the next line to pattern space
            ba            # Go back to label a and repeat
        }
        /930939023/!d;    # If the appended line contains does not contain id, delete it
        p                 # Else print it
 }' file

Answer 2

您可以使用awk。因为脚本会变得更复杂，我建议将它存储在一个文件中：

extract.awk：

# Set flag if id was found
/id: 930939023/{f=1}

# On "Start" clear the buffer, reset buffer index i and reset flag
/Start/{b=$0;f=0;next}

# On "End", if the flag was set print the buffer
/End/{
    if(f){
        print b
        print
    }
}

# Append all other lines to buffer
# (Lines between start end will get cleared on next "Start")
{b=b"\n"$0}

...并按此执行：

awk -f extract.awk file

输出：

2014-07-01 13:26:07,765 Start
2014-07-01 13:26:07,765 id: 930939023
2014-07-01 13:26:07,765 something
2014-07-01 13:26:07,766 End
2014-07-01 13:26:07,767 Start
2014-07-01 13:26:07,767 id: 930939023
2014-07-01 13:26:07,768 something
2014-07-01 13:26:07,768 End

Answer 3

你可以尝试下面的awk命令，

$ awk '/Start/ {f=1} /End/ {print;f=0;}f' file | awk -v RS="End" -v ORS="End" '/930939023/'
2014-07-01 13:26:07,765 Start
2014-07-01 13:26:07,765 id: 930939023
2014-07-01 13:26:07,765 something
2014-07-01 13:26:07,766 End
2014-07-01 13:26:07,767 Start
2014-07-01 13:26:07,767 id: 930939023
2014-07-01 13:26:07,768 something
2014-07-01 13:26:07,768 End

grep regex以一个单词开头，结束并包含一个单词

3 个答案:

说明：