我尝试使用line_profiler模块获取Python文件的逐行配置文件。这是我到目前为止所做的:
1)使用.exe文件(我在WinXP和Win7上)从pypi安装了line_profiler。只需单击安装向导即可。
2)写了一小段代码(类似于另一个回答的问题here中提到的内容)。
from line_profiler import LineProfiler
def do_stuff(numbers):
print numbers
numbers = 2
profile = LineProfiler(do_stuff(numbers))
profile.print_stats()
3)运行IDLE / PyScripter中的代码。我只得到了时间。
Timer unit: 4.17188e-10 s
如何在我执行的代码上获得完整的逐行配置文件?我从未使用任何高级Python功能,如装饰器,所以我很难理解如何使用here和here等几个帖子提供的指南。
答案 0 :(得分:28)
这个答案是我的答案here的副本,用于了解如何从Python脚本中获取line_profiler
统计信息(不使用命令行中的kernprof
或必须添加{{1}装饰函数和类方法)。我对类似@profile
个问题的所有答案(我已经看过)仅描述使用line_profiler
。
kernprof
测试用例(在GitHub上找到)有一个如何从Python脚本中生成配置文件数据的示例。您必须包装要分析的函数,然后调用包装器传递任何所需的函数参数。
line_profiler
输出:
from line_profiler import LineProfiler
import random
def do_stuff(numbers):
s = sum(numbers)
l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]
numbers = [random.randint(1,100) for i in range(1000)]
lp = LineProfiler()
lp_wrapper = lp(do_stuff)
lp_wrapper(numbers)
lp.print_stats()
向个人资料添加附加功能
此外,您还可以添加要分析的其他功能。例如,如果您有第二个调用函数并且只包装了调用函数,那么您只能看到来自调用的配置文件结果功能。
Timer unit: 1e-06 s
Total time: 0.000649 s
File: <ipython-input-2-2e060b054fea>
Function: do_stuff at line 4
Line # Hits Time Per Hit % Time Line Contents
==============================================================
4 def do_stuff(numbers):
5 1 10 10.0 1.5 s = sum(numbers)
6 1 186 186.0 28.7 l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
7 1 453 453.0 69.8 m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]
以上只会为调用函数生成以下配置文件输出:
from line_profiler import LineProfiler
import random
def do_other_stuff(numbers):
s = sum(numbers)
def do_stuff(numbers):
do_other_stuff(numbers)
l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]
numbers = [random.randint(1,100) for i in range(1000)]
lp = LineProfiler()
lp_wrapper = lp(do_stuff)
lp_wrapper(numbers)
lp.print_stats()
在这种情况下,您可以将其他名为的函数添加到配置文件中,如下所示:
Timer unit: 1e-06 s
Total time: 0.000773 s
File: <ipython-input-3-ec0394d0a501>
Function: do_stuff at line 7
Line # Hits Time Per Hit % Time Line Contents
==============================================================
7 def do_stuff(numbers):
8 1 11 11.0 1.4 do_other_stuff(numbers)
9 1 236 236.0 30.5 l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
10 1 526 526.0 68.0 m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]
输出:
from line_profiler import LineProfiler
import random
def do_other_stuff(numbers):
s = sum(numbers)
def do_stuff(numbers):
do_other_stuff(numbers)
l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]
numbers = [random.randint(1,100) for i in range(1000)]
lp = LineProfiler()
lp.add_function(do_other_stuff) # add additional function to profile
lp_wrapper = lp(do_stuff)
lp_wrapper(numbers)
lp.print_stats()
注意:以这种方式向配置文件添加功能不需要更改配置文件代码(即,无需添加Timer unit: 1e-06 s
Total time: 9e-06 s
File: <ipython-input-4-dae73707787c>
Function: do_other_stuff at line 4
Line # Hits Time Per Hit % Time Line Contents
==============================================================
4 def do_other_stuff(numbers):
5 1 9 9.0 100.0 s = sum(numbers)
Total time: 0.000694 s
File: <ipython-input-4-dae73707787c>
Function: do_stuff at line 7
Line # Hits Time Per Hit % Time Line Contents
==============================================================
7 def do_stuff(numbers):
8 1 12 12.0 1.7 do_other_stuff(numbers)
9 1 208 208.0 30.0 l = [numbers[i]/43 for i in range(len(numbers))]
10 1 474 474.0 68.3 m = ['hello'+str(numbers[i]) for i in range(len(numbers))]
装饰器)。
答案 1 :(得分:12)
请关注第一个link中的Dan Riti示例,但请使用您的代码。安装line_profiler
模块后,您只需要在每个要逐行分析的函数之前添加@profile
装饰器,并确保每个函数至少在其他位置调用一次。代码 - 所以你的琐碎的示例代码将是这样的:
example.py
档案:
@profile
def do_stuff(numbers):
print numbers
numbers = 2
do_stuff(numbers)
完成后,通过kernprof.py
目录中安装的C:\Python27\Scripts
✶ 运行脚本。这是在Windows 7命令行会话中执行此操作的实际输出(不是非常有趣):
> python "C:\Python27\Scripts\kernprof.py" -l -v example.py
2
Wrote profile results to example.py.lprof
Timer unit: 3.2079e-07 s
File: example.py
Function: do_stuff at line 2
Total time: 0.00185256 s
Line # Hits Time Per Hit % Time Line Contents
==============================================================
1 @profile
2 def do_stuff(numbers):
3 1 5775 5775.0 100.0 print numbers
您可能需要调整最后一步 - 使用kernprof.py
而不是直接通过Python解释器运行测试脚本 - 以便在IDLE或PyScripter中执行等效操作。
<强> ✶更新强>
似乎在line_profiler
v1.0中,kernprof
实用程序作为可执行文件分发,而不是像我上面编写时那样的.py
脚本文件。这意味着现在需要使用以下命令从命令行调用它:
> "C:\Python27\Scripts\kernprof.exe" -l -v example.py
答案 2 :(得分:2)
如果你使用的是 PyCharm,你也可以看看 https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/16536-line-profiler
这是我创建的一个插件,允许您将线分析器结果加载到 PyCharm 编辑器中并将其可视化。
答案 3 :(得分:1)
%load_ext line_profiler
import numpy as np
def take_sqr(array):
sqr_ar = [np.sqrt(x) for x in array]
return sqr_ar
%lprun -f take_sqr take_sqr([1,2,3])
Timer unit: 1e-06 s
Total time: 6e-05 s File: <ipython-input-5-e50c1b05a473> Function:
take_sqr at line 1
Line # Hits Time Per Hit % Time Line Contents
==============================================================
1 def take_sqr(array):
2 4 59.0 14.8 98.3 sqr_ar = [np.sqrt(x) for x in array]
3 1 1.0 1.0 1.7 return sqr_ar