我将使用代码示例打开问题:
template <template <class, class> class Container>
class Schedule {
public:
Schedule& print( std::ostream& os);
private:
Container<Course*, std::allocator<Course*> > courses;
};
// implement funcion print:
template <template <class, class> class Container>
Schedule<Container>& Schedule<Container>::print(std::ostream& os){
std::sort(courses.begin(), courses.end(), sor_con());
std::for_each(courses.begin(), courses.end(), PrintContainer(os));
return *this;
}
template<>
Schedule<std::list>& Schedule<std::list>::print(std::ostream& os){
courses.sort(sort_con());
std::for_each(courses.begin(), courses.end(), PrintContainer(os));
return *this;
}
Schedule
类仅包含模板类(std::list / std::vector
)。由于print
函数需要使用sort,我需要使用两种不同的方法来实现这一点:std::sort
来自std::vector
和sort
函数的列表容器{{1} }。
我的代码有效,但我认为我在这里创建了不必要的代码重复。有没有更有效的方法来解决这个问题?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
你可以分别为sort
和std::vector
重载std::list
函数:
template<typename T, typename Compare>
void sort(std::list<T> &list, Compare f)
{
list.sort(f);
}
template<typename T, typename Compare>
void sort(std::vector<T> &vector, Compare f)
{
std::sort(vector.begin(), vector.end(), f);
}
或使用type_traits和tag_dispatching:
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
struct vectorlike_tag { };
struct listlike_tag { };
template <typename C> struct container_traits;
template <typename T, typename A>
struct container_traits<std::vector<T, A>> {
typedef vectorlike_tag category;
};
template <typename T, typename A>
struct container_traits<std::list<T, A>> {
typedef listlike_tag category;
};
template <typename Container, typename Compare>
void sort_helper(Container& c, Compare f, vectorlike_tag) {
std::sort(c.begin(), c.end(), f);
}
template <typename Container, typename Compare>
void sort_helper(Container& c, Compare f, listlike_tag) {
c.sort(f);
}
template <typename Container, typename Compare>
void sort_container(Container &c, Compare f) {
sort_helper(c, f, typename container_traits<Container>::category());
}
template<class Container>
void sort_container(Container &c)
{
sort_helper(c, std::less<typename Container::value_type>(), typename container_traits<Container>::category());
}
int main()
{
std::vector<int> v{ 4, 3, 7, 8, 9 };
sort_container(v);
for (auto e : v) std::cout << e << " ";
std::cout << std::endl;
std::list<int> lst{ 4, 3, 7, 8, 9 };
sort_container(lst, std::greater<int>());
for (auto e : lst) std::cout << e << " ";
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}