在python中模拟findWhere()的行为

时间:2014-05-08 21:41:00

标签: javascript python underscore.js

Underscore有一个方便的小功能,findWhere()可以用来查找列表中的某个结构,如

myList = [
  {'name': 'Thor'},
  {'name': 'Odin'},
  {'name': 'Freya'},
  {'name': 'Skadi'}
];
findWhere(myList, {'name': 'Skadi'});

结果:[{'name': 'Skadi'}]

更好的例子:

my_list = [
   {'name': 'Thor',
    'occupation': 'God of Thunder',
    'favorite color': 'MY HAMMER'}
   {'name': 'Skadi',
   'occupation': 'Queen of the Ice Giants',
   'favorite color': 'purpz'}
  ]
findWhere(my_list, {'name': 'Skadi'})

结果:

[{'name': 'Skadi',
'occupation': 'Queen of the Ice Giants',
'favorite color': 'purpz'}]

唉,我在python中找不到类似的东西。实现相同功能的pythonic方法是什么?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

您可以将其定义为generator

def find_where(iterable, dct):
    for item in iterable:
        if all(item[key] == value for key, value in dct.items()):
            yield item

my_list = [
  {'name': 'Thor', 'age': 23},
  {'name': 'Odin', 'age': 42},
  {'name': 'Freya', 'age': 50},
  {'name': 'Skadi', 'age': 23},
]

print list(find_where(my_list, {'age': 23}))

输出:

[{'age': 23, 'name': 'Thor'}, {'age': 23, 'name': 'Skadi'}]

有关表达式“肉”的详细信息,请参阅all()list comprehensions

答案 1 :(得分:2)

我使用带有curried子集谓词的过滤器:

# assuming both key and values are hashable
subset = lambda subset: (lambda superset: set(subset.items()).issubset(set(superset.items())))
results = filter(subset(needle), haystack)

或者,如果dict的值可能不可清,则子集需要是:

subset_nh = lambda subset: (lambda superset: all(item in superset.items() for item in subset.items()))
results = filter(subset_nh(needle), haystack)