Question

我正在尝试编写一个命令（sed / awk），用于在以下条件下用短划线替换换行符：

这不应该用破折号替换，因为CSV中没有新行：

X00000;111111;1111111111;This is just a text

无论如何，在这个例子中，新行应该用短划线代替：

X00000;111111;1111111111;This is a longer text which contains a 
new line sign.

替换的输出应如下所示：

X00000;111111;1111111111;This is a longer text which contains a - new line sign.

编辑：这也适用于这样的行：

X00000;111111;1111111111;"This is a longer text which contains a
new line sign
or even more

or a line that even contains only a new line sign

"

在这种情况下，需要以下输出：

X00000;111111;1111111111;"This is a longer text which contains a - new line sign - or even more - - or a line that even contains only a new line sign - "

Answer 1

使用awk你可以这样做：

awk -F ';' 'NF<4{print p, "-", $0;p="";next} p{print p} {p=$0} END{if (p) print p}' file.csv
X00000;111111;1111111111;This is just a text
X00000;111111;1111111111;This is a longer text which contains a  - new line sign.

Answer 2

以下是使用sed的选项：

$ cat file
X00000;111111;1111111111;This is just a text
X00000;111111;1111111111;This is a longer text which contains a 
new line sign.
X00000;111111;1111111111;"This is a longer text which contains a
new line sign
or even more

or a line that even contains only a new line sign

"

$ sed  ':a;$bc;N;s/\n/ - /;ba;:c;s/ - X00000;/\nX00000;/g' file
X00000;111111;1111111111;This is just a text
X00000;111111;1111111111;This is a longer text which contains a  - new line sign.
X00000;111111;1111111111;"This is a longer text which contains a - new line sign - or even more -  - or a line that even contains only a new line sign -  - "

<强>解释

sed '
    :a                         # Create a label a
    $bc                        # If it is last line, branch to label c
    N                          # Append next line to pattern space
    s/\n/ - /                  # Remove the \n and replace it with -
    ba                         # Keep repeating above steps until file is complete
    :c                         # Our label c. Do the following when end of file is reached
    s/ - X00000;/\nX00000;/g   # We do this substitution to add newlines where needed. 
' file

Answer 3

这是一个awk，只是加在一起。

awk '{printf (NR==1||!/X00000/)?$0:RS $0} END {print ""}' file
X00000;111111;1111111111;This is just a text
X00000;111111;1111111111;This is a longer text which contains a new line sign.
X00000;111111;1111111111;"This is a longer text which contains anew line signor even moreor a line that even contains only a new line sign"

不会添加-

在特定条件下用短划线替换新线

3 个答案: