删除List中元素的第二次出现 - Haskell

时间:2014-03-30 00:04:18

标签: list haskell

我正在尝试编写一个删除列表中第二次出现的元素的函数。 目前,我编写了一个删除第一个元素的函数:

    removeFirst _ [] = [] 
    removeFirst a (x:xs) | a == x    = xs
                          | otherwise = x : removeFirst a xs

作为起点。但是,我不确定这个功能是否可以通过列表理解来完成。有没有办法使用map实现这个?

编辑:现在我添加了一个调用第一个

的removeSecond函数
    deleteSecond :: Eq a => a -> [a] -> [a]
    deleteSecond _ [] = []
    deleteSecond a (x:xs) | x==a = removeFirst a xs
                  | otherwise = x:removeSecond a xs

但是现在返回的列表会删除元素的第一次和第二次出现。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

好吧,假设你有removeFirst - 如何搜索第一次出现,然后在剩余列表中使用removeFirst

removeSecond :: Eq a => a -> [a] -> [a]
removeSecond _ [] = []
removeSecond a (x:xs) | x==a = x:removeFirst a xs
                      | otherwise = x:removeSecond a xs

答案 1 :(得分:3)

您也可以将其作为折叠实现。

removeNth :: Eq a => Int -> a -> [a] -> [a]
removeNth n a = concatMap snd . scanl go (0,[])
  where go (m,_) b | a /= b    = (m,   [b])
                   | n /= m    = (m+1, [b])
                   | otherwise = (m+1, [])

并在行动中:

λ removeNth 0 1 [1,2,3,1]
[2,3,1]
λ removeNth 1 1 [1,2,3,1]
[1,2,3]

我使用了scanl而非foldlfoldr,因此它可以从左到右传递状态并处理无限列表:

λ take 11 . removeNth 3 'a' $ cycle "abc"
"abcabcabcbc"

答案 2 :(得分:0)

以下是使用List提供的函数的本能实现:

import List (elemIndices);
removeSecond x xs = case elemIndices x xs of
        (_:i:_) -> (take i xs) ++ (drop (i+1) xs)
        _ -> xs

removeNth n x xs = let indies = elemIndices x xs
                   in if length indies < n
                      then xs
                      else let idx = indies !! (n-1)
                           in (take idx xs) ++ (drop (idx+1) xs)

注意:这个不能处理无限列表,并且它的性能可能不适合非常大的列表。