R中的错误处理:tryCatch()语法

时间:2014-01-24 04:20:11

标签: r error-handling try-catch

我试图了解R中的错误处理。从阅读文档,我找不到正确语法的明确定义。

以下是一个自包含的示例:

foo <- function(dat) {
    print('Calling foo()')
    print(dat[,'r1'])
    print(dat[,'r2'])
    print(dat[,'r3'])
    print('Finished foo()')
    return(dat$r3)
}

bar <- function(dat) {
    print('Calling bar()')
    print(dat[,'r1'])
    print(dat[,'r2'])
    print('Finished bar()')
    return(dat$r2)
}

d1 <- data.frame(r1 = 1:10, r2 = 11:20, r3 = 21:30)
d2 <- d1[c("r1", "r2")]

print('Starting')
print('trying d1')
myVal1 <- tryCatch(foo(d1), error = bar(d1))
print('finished d1')
print('trying d2')
myVal2 <- tryCatch(foo(d2), error = bar(d2))
print('finished d2')
print('Done')

预期产出:

[1] "Starting"
[1] "trying d1"
[1] "Calling foo()"
 [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
 [1] 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
 [1] 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
[1] "Finished foo()"
[1] "finished d1"
[1] "trying d2"
[1] "Calling bar()"
 [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
 [1] 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
[1] "Finished bar()"
[1] "finished d2"
[1] "Done"

实际输出:

[1] "Starting"
[1] "trying d1"
[1] "Calling bar()"
 [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
 [1] 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
[1] "Finished bar()"
[1] "Calling foo()"
 [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
 [1] 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
 [1] 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
[1] "Finished foo()"
[1] "finished d1"
[1] "trying d2"
[1] "Calling bar()"
 [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
 [1] 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
[1] "Finished bar()"
[1] "Calling foo()"
 [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
 [1] 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Error in tryCatchOne(expr, names, parentenv, handlers[[1L]]) : 
  attempt to apply non-function

我的问题:

  1. 为什么这个tryCatch()调用最终会同时运行这两个函数?

  2. 为什么我会收到上面报告的错误?

  3. 我的tryCatch(someFunction(), error = someOtherFunction())语法不正确吗?

  4. 谢谢!

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

error需要一个功能。您已经传递了一个表达式,该表达式是对参数求值函数的结果。此外,error未将数据框传递给bar。传递错误文本。

取而代之:

myVal2 <- tryCatch(foo(d2), error = bar(d2))

用这个:

myVal2 <- tryCatch(foo(d2), error = function(e) { cat('In error handler\n'); print(e); e })

导致此行为:

[1] "Calling foo()"
 [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10
 [1] 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
In error handler
<simpleError in `[.data.frame`(dat, , "r3"): undefined columns selected>

请注意调用该处理程序。 myVal2设置为错误处理程序的结果:

> myVal2
<simpleError in `[.data.frame`(dat, , "r3"): undefined columns selected>