有些人可以提供在高级数据结构上使用递归的示例。我今天参加考试。我希望这个例子比斐波纳契或因子例子更难,但比河内问题的塔更容易。有关如何使用递归操作数据结构的任何建议都表示赞赏。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
树的递归示例:
void action(Node root){
if(root.left!=null)action(root.left);
if(root.right!=null)action(root.right);
//current node action code here
}
有迭代函数,它们具有更多代码,但对您的系统更友好。根据系统的大小,选择其中一些。如果你正在使用大型结构制作某些东西并且取决于速度,那么迭代会好得多。
查看以下内容:link1和Iterative approach
与图形相同,除了你有更多的输出分支,这使得迭代方法更好。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
这些是使用链接结构实现的BinaryTrees
的示例访问。
public static <E> void printInorder(LinkedBTree<E> t) throws EmptyTreeException{
if(t != null && !t.isEmpty())
printInorder((BTPosition<E>)(t.root()));
System.out.print("\n");
}
private static <E> void printInorder(BTPosition<E> v){
if(v.getLeft() != null) printInorder(v.getLeft());
System.out.print(v.element()+" ");
if(v.getRight() != null) printInorder(v.getRight());
}
public static <E> void printPreorder(LinkedBTree<E> t) throws EmptyTreeException{
if(t != null && !t.isEmpty())
printPreorder((BTPosition<E>)(t.root()));
System.out.print("\n");
}
private static <E> void printPreorder(BTPosition<E> v){
System.out.print(v.element()+" ");
if(v.getLeft() != null) printPreorder(v.getLeft());
if(v.getRight() != null) printPreorder(v.getRight());
}
public static <E> void printPostorder(LinkedBTree<E> t) throws EmptyTreeException{
if(t != null && !t.isEmpty())
printPostorder((BTPosition<E>)(t.root()));
System.out.print("\n");
}
private static <E> void printPostorder(BTPosition<E> v){
if(v.getLeft() != null) printPostorder(v.getLeft());
if(v.getRight() != null) printPostorder(v.getRight());
System.out.print(v.element()+" ");
}
答案 2 :(得分:1)
深度优先遍历:
public void preOrder(Node<T> root)
{
if (root != null)
{
System.out.println(root);
preOrder(root.leftChild);
preOrder(root.rightChild);
}
}
public void inOrder(Node<T> root)
{
if (root != null)
{
inOrder(root.leftChild);
System.out.println(root);
inOrder(root.rightChild);
}
}
public void postOrder(Node<T> root)
{
if (root != null)
{
postOrder(root.leftChild);
postOrder(root.rightChild);
System.out.println(root);
}
}
这是检查平衡表达式的简单方法:
private String open = "([<{";
private String close = ")]>}";
private boolean isOpen(char ch)
{
return open.indexOf(ch) == -1 ? false : true;
}
private boolean isClosed(char ch)
{
return close.indexOf(ch) == -1 ? false : true;
}
private boolean balanced(String sequence)
{
if (sequence != null && sequence.length() > 0)
return isBalanced(sequence, "");
else
return true;
}
private boolean matches(char fromSeq, char fromStack)
{
return open.indexOf(fromStack) == close.indexOf(fromSeq);
}
private boolean isBalanced(String seq, String stack)
{
if (seq.length() == 0 )
{
return stack.length() == 0;
}
else
{
char first = seq.charAt(0);
if (isOpen(first))
{
return isBalanced(seq.substring(1), first + stack);
}
else if (isClosed(first))
{
return stack.length() != 0 && matches(first, stack.charAt(0)) && isBalanced(seq.substring(1), stack.substring(1));
}
else
{
return isBalanced(seq.substring(1), stack);
}
}
这是获取某些域的所有排列的简单方法,即您将调用:
permute(3,"01", "");
收益:
000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111
public void permute(int length, String domain, String result)
{
if (length == 0)
{
System.out.println(result);
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < domain.length(); i++)
permute(length-1, domain, result + domain.charAt(i));
}
}
最后,一个简单的python示例用于计算base exp (虽然它在python中,它应该很容易理解):
def powrec(base, exp):
if exp < 0 and base != 0:
return powrec(1.0/base, -exp)
if exp == 0:
return 1
if exp == 1:
return base
if exp % 2 == 0:
return powrec(base*base, exp/2)
else:
return base*powrec(base*base, exp/2)