Question

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我在从一种形式保存到两个不同的模型时遇到了麻烦...我试图跟踪rails＃196并在stackoverflow上看了几个其他示例，但我还没想出如何做到这一点，因为我的情况有点不同......

所以，我有两个模型：

class Patient < ActiveRecord::Base
  attr_accessible :date_of_birth, :patient_name

  has_many :samples
end

class Sample < ActiveRecord::Base
  attr_accessible :approved, :patientID, :result, patient_attributes: [:patient_name, :date_of_birth]

  belongs_to :patient
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :patient
end

我在大多数示例中找到的内容，包括railscast，都是在患者表单中创建一个新样本，“accepts_nestes_attributes_for”在“患者”模型中...但我想做什么恰恰相反，就是在新的样本表格中创建一个新患者。

以下是我的观点，我有一个正常的样本表格，然后是患者部分的一部分：

_form.html.erb

<%= form_for(@sample) do |f| %>
  <% if @sample.errors.any? %>
    <div id="error_explanation">
      <h2><%= pluralize(@sample.errors.count, "error") %> prohibited this sample from being saved:</h2>

      <ul>
      <% @sample.errors.full_messages.each do |msg| %>
        <li><%= msg %></li>
      <% end %>
      </ul>
    </div>
  <% end %>

  <div class="field">
    <%= f.label :result %><br />
    <%= f.text_area :result %>
  </div>
  <div class="field">
    <%= f.label :approved %><br />
    <%= f.check_box :approved %>
  </div>
  <div><%= render 'patient', f: f %></div>
  <div class="actions">
    <%= f.submit %>
  </div>
<% end %>

patient.html.erb

<%= f.fields_for :patient do |p| %>
<div class="field">
    <%= p.label :patient_name %><br />
    <%= p.text_field :patient_name %>
</div>
<div class="field">
    <%= p.label :date_of_birth %><br />
    <%= p.date_select :date_of_birth %>
</div>
<% end %>

当我点击提交按钮时，一切似乎都有效，但没有任何内容保存在患者表中。

这是日志：

Started POST "/samples" for 127.0.0.1 at 2013-10-12 23:32:03 +0100
Processing by SamplesController#create as HTML
  Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"13OKZ8DaGJ4zTb35q+ymSzx7r+Ipxou1u+XrR4jtyeI=", "sample"=>{"result"=>"teste 3", "approved"=>"0"}, "patient"=>{"patient_name"=>"Joao", "date_of_birth(1i)"=>"2013", "date_of_birth(2i)"=>"10", "date_of_birth(3i)"=>"10"}, "commit"=>"Create Sample"}
   (0.1ms)  begin transaction
  SQL (0.5ms)  INSERT INTO "samples" ("approved", "created_at", "patientID", "result", "updated_at") VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)  [["approved", false], ["created_at", Sat, 12 Oct 2013 22:32:03 UTC +00:00], ["patientID", nil], ["result", "teste 3"], ["updated_at", Sat, 12 Oct 2013 22:32:03 UTC +00:00]]
   (2.4ms)  commit transaction
Redirected to http://localhost:3000/samples/3
Completed 302 Found in 6ms (ActiveRecord: 2.9ms)

正如您在日志中看到的那样，它只保存到示例表中。我可以这样使用accepts_nested_attributes_吗？有没有办法实现我想要的？或者我应该尝试不同的方法吗？

更新：这是我的病人和样本控制器的代码：

patients_controller.rb

def new
    @patient = Patient.new

    respond_to do |format|
      format.html # new.html.erb
      format.json { render json: @patient }
    end
end

def create
    @patient = Patient.new(params[:patient])

    respond_to do |format|
      if @patient.save
        format.html { redirect_to @patient, notice: 'Patient was successfully created.' }
        format.json { render json: @patient, status: :created, location: @patient }
      else
        format.html { render action: "new" }
        format.json { render json: @patient.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
end

samples_controller.rb

def new
    @sample = Sample.new
    @sample.build_patient #suggested by El Key

    respond_to do |format|
      format.html # new.html.erb
      format.json { render json: @sample }
    end
end

def create
    @sample = Sample.new(params[:sample])

    respond_to do |format|
      if @sample.save
        format.html { redirect_to @sample, notice: 'Sample was successfully created.' }
        format.json { render json: @sample, status: :created, location: @sample }
      else
        format.html { render action: "new" }
        format.json { render json: @sample.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
end

这是我遵循El Key建议后的更新日志：

Started POST "/samples" for 127.0.0.1 at 2013-10-17 00:20:05 +0100
Processing by SamplesController#create as HTML
  Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"NZXQUdd8tQc206LdEuYF5iO5+89wlfza0VbbvgBGNuI=", "sample"=>{"result"=>"teste 9", "patientID"=>"", "approved"=>"0", "patient_attributes"=>{"patient_name"=>"Sergio", "date_of_birth(1i)"=>"2013", "date_of_birth(2i)"=>"10", "date_of_birth(3i)"=>"2"}}, "commit"=>"Create Sample"}
Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 1ms

ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error - Can't mass-assign protected attributes: patient_attributes:

正如您所看到的，现在我遇到了“无法大量分配受保护属性”的问题，但是这不应该是因为我在样本模型上有“patient_attributes”吗？

在我解决这个问题之后，我会先尝试先检查患者是否存在，然后再尝试按照病人的名字做SAYT ......但这是未来的一步！

感谢您的帮助

按照El-Key的建议和建议，我找到了解决方案

更新，最终代码 - 我的解决方案

模型/ samples.rb

class Sample < ActiveRecord::Base
  attr_accessible :approved, :patient_id, :result, :patient_attributes

  belongs_to :patient
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :patient
end

模型/ patient.rb

class Patient < ActiveRecord::Base
  attr_accessible :date_of_birth, :patient_name 
  has_many :samples
end

控制器/ samples_controller

def new
    @sample = Sample.new
    @sample.build_patient

    respond_to do |format|
      format.html # new.html.erb
      format.json { render json: @sample }
    end
end

def create
    @sample = Sample.new(params[:sample])

    respond_to do |format|
      if @sample.save
        format.html { redirect_to @sample, notice: 'Sample was successfully created.' }
        format.json { render json: @sample, status: :created, location: @sample }
      else
        format.html { render action: "new" }
        format.json { render json: @sample.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
end

视图/样品/ _form.html.erb

<%= form_for(@sample) do |f| %>
  <% if @sample.errors.any? %>
    <div id="error_explanation">
      <h2><%= pluralize(@sample.errors.count, "error") %> prohibited this sample from being saved:</h2>

      <ul>
      <% @sample.errors.full_messages.each do |msg| %>
        <li><%= msg %></li>
      <% end %>
      </ul>
    </div>
  <% end %>

  <div class="field">
    <%= f.label :result %><br />
    <%= f.text_area :result %>
  </div>
    <div class="field">
        <%= f.label :patient_id, 'Patient ID' %><br />
        <%= f.text_area :patient_id %>
    </div>
  <div class="field">
    <%= f.label :approved %><br />
    <%= f.check_box :approved %>
  </div>

  <div><%= render 'patient', f: f %></div>
  <div class="actions">
    <%= f.submit %>
  </div>
<% end %>

视图/样品/ _patient.html.erb

<%= f.fields_for :patient do |p| %>
<div class="field">
       <%= p.label :patient_name %><br />
       <%= p.text_field :patient_name %>
</div>
<div class="field">
       <%= p.label :date_of_birth %><br />
       <%= p.date_select :date_of_birth %>
</div>
<% end %>

Answer 1

必须从父表单调用fields_for方法，例如：

<强> _form.html.erb

<div><%= render 'patient', f: f %></div>

<强> patient.html.erb

<%= f.fields_for :patient do |p| %>
  <!-- code -->
<% end %>

试试这个。如果它仍然无法正常工作，请您告诉我们您的控制器。希望这个帮助

修改
好的，然后尝试将您的示例模型patient替换为patient_attributes：

attr_accessible patient_attributes: [:patient_name, :date_of_birth]

Answer 2

如果您的patientID是不同的字段而不是样本表中的外键，你必须通过：：patient_id使它可用，或者如果patientID用于不同的目的则保留它。
您需要为

像这样更改您的样本模型

attr_accessible :approved, :patientID, :result, :patient_attributes

来自

<div><%= render 'patient', f: f %></div>

到

<div>
<%= f.fields_for :patient, Patient.new do |p| %>
  <%= p.text_field :name %>
  <%= p.text_field :date_of_birth %>
<% end %>
</div>

我已经为您创建了一个示例应用，以了解它是如何工作的。

https://github.com/ravensnowbird/inverse_nested

您也可以删除@ sample.build_patient。

保存到两个不同的模型 - accepts_nested_attributes_for不起作用

感谢您的帮助

2 个答案: