Debug Assertion Failed:无效的空指针

时间:2013-10-05 19:41:09

标签: c++ visual-studio-2010 sqlite runtime-error null-pointer

我正在尝试制作一个测试程序,以查看我从一个结构中获取和存储来自SQLite3数据库的数据的想法是否有效但我遇到了代码的一些主要问题。在调试时我会继续遇到标题中的错误。以下是错误窗口的全文:

  

Debug Assertion失败!

     

文件:include \ xstring   行:929

     

表达式:无效的空指针

     

有关程序如何导致断言的信息   失败,请参阅关于断言的Visual C ++文档。

这是代码,我将用箭头指出问题所在的行(< - ;额外的帮助见转换的情况2):

#include <iostream>
#include "data_placeholder.h"
#include "sqlite3.h"
#include <vector>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>

using namespace std;

void openDB(sqlite3* dBase, int iID, string table, string operation, sqlite3_stmt* statement, vector<mission>& mission_1);
void createStatement(int iID, string table, string operation, sqlite3_stmt* statement, sqlite3* dBase, vector<mission>& mission_1);
void getMResults(string sqlStr, sqlite3_stmt* statement, sqlite3* dBase, vector<mission>& mission_1);
void returnMResult(vector<mission> mResults, vector<mission>& mission_1);

int main()
{
    //Define Variables
    vector<mission> mission_1;
    sqlite3 *dBase;
    sqlite3_stmt *statement;
    int pInput;

    mission_1.push_back(mission());

    cout << "Input a number between 1 and 3" << endl;
    cout << ">";
    cin >> pInput;
    cout << endl;
    cout << endl;

    openDB(dBase, pInput, "Mission_Data", "select from", statement, mission_1);

    cout << mission_1.at(0).mName << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mDesc << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mCBELevel << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mSCReq << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mMWReq << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mTLimit << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mDifficulty << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mSector << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mSystem << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mTName << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mTSClass << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mBounty << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mXarn << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mRubies << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mDiamonds << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mDraconic << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mLithium << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mPlatinum << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mUranium << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mPlutonium << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mNWaste << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mCEXP << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mItem << ", " << mission_1.at(0).mType << ", " << endl;

    _getch();   
}

void openDB(sqlite3* dBase, int iID, string table, string operation, sqlite3_stmt* statement, vector<mission>& mission_1)
{
    sqlite3_open("scDatabase.sqlite",&dBase);

    createStatement(iID, table, operation, statement, dBase, mission_1);
}

void createStatement(int iID, string table, string operation, sqlite3_stmt* statement, sqlite3* dBase, vector<mission>& mission_1)
{
    stringstream ss;
    ss << iID;

    string sID(ss.str());

    string sqlStr = "Select * From " + table + " Where ID = " + sID;

    getMResults(sqlStr, statement, dBase, mission_1);
}

void getMResults(string sqlStr, sqlite3_stmt* statement, sqlite3* dBase, vector<mission>& mission_1)
{
    vector<mission> mResults;

    mResults.push_back(mission());

    if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(dBase, sqlStr.c_str(), sqlStr.size(), &statement, 0) == SQLITE_OK)
    {   
        int cols;
        int i;
        cols = sqlite3_column_count(statement);

        for (i =01; i <= cols; i++)
        {
            switch(i)
            {
            case 2:
                mResults.at(0).mName = string((char*)sqlite3_column_text(statement,i)); //<-- Here is the line the assert fail happens
                break;
            /*
            case 3:
                mResults.at(0).mDesc = string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(sqlite3_column_text(statement,i)));
                break;

            case 4:
                mResults.at(0).mCBELevel = sqlite3_column_int(statement,i);
                break;

            case 5:
                mResults.at(0).mSCReq = string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(sqlite3_column_text(statement,i)));
                break;

            case 6:
                mResults.at(0).mMWReq = string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(sqlite3_column_text(statement,i)));
                break;

            case 7:
                mResults.at(0).mTLimit = sqlite3_column_int(statement,i);
                break;

            case 8:
                mResults.at(0).mDifficulty = string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(sqlite3_column_text(statement,i)));
                break;

            case 9:
                mResults.at(0).mSector = string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(sqlite3_column_text(statement,i)));
                break;

            case 10:
                mResults.at(0).mSystem = string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(sqlite3_column_text(statement,i)));
                break;

            case 11:
                mResults.at(0).mTName = string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(sqlite3_column_text(statement,i)));
                break;

            case 12:
                mResults.at(0).mTSClass = string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(sqlite3_column_text(statement,i)));
                break;

            case 13:
                mResults.at(0).mBounty = sqlite3_column_int(statement,i);
                break;

            case 14:
                mResults.at(0).mXarn = sqlite3_column_int(statement,i);
                break;

            case 15:
                mResults.at(0).mRubies = sqlite3_column_int(statement,i);
                break;

            case 16:
                mResults.at(0).mDiamonds = sqlite3_column_int(statement,i);
                break;

            case 17:
                mResults.at(0).mDraconic = sqlite3_column_int(statement,i);
                break;

            case 18:
                mResults.at(0).mLithium = sqlite3_column_int(statement,i);
                break;

            case 19:
                mResults.at(0).mPlatinum = sqlite3_column_int(statement,i);
                break;

            case 20:
                mResults.at(0).mNWaste = sqlite3_column_int(statement,i);
                break;

            case 21:
                mResults.at(0).mCEXP = sqlite3_column_int(statement,i);
                break;

            case 22:
                mResults.at(0).mItem = sqlite3_column_int(statement,i);
                break;

            case 23:
                mResults.at(0).mType = string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(sqlite3_column_text(statement,i)));
                break;
                */

            default:                
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    else
    {
        cout << "something is wrong" << endl;
    }

    returnMResult(mResults, mission_1);
}

void returnMResult(vector<mission>mResults, vector<mission>& mission_1)
{
    mission_1.at(0) = mResults.at(0);
}

当代码在第一次迭代中通过for循环到达此行时,会立即发生错误。没有编译器错误,我也尝试将前三个函数折叠成一个函数,以防数据库和语句指针没有正确传递;同样的问题。

编辑2:我已经缩小了问题所在。它与我的结构矢量有关。我从我设置为mResults.at(0).mName的链接中取出了数据库查询,然后为const unsigned char添加了一个转换为字符串,但断言失败仍然发生。

编辑3:在查看我在今年早些时候做过的一些代码后,我已经弄清楚发生了什么,至少对于SQLite查询。您必须调用步骤才能实际执行查询。由于我没有这样做,指针始终返回为无效,因为没有加载行,因此没有要查询的列。我的载体没什么问题。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

有问题的一行:

sqlite3_column_text(statement,i)

将返回未定义的值,因为当i等于size时,它将超出范围。

sqlite3_column_text函数iCol参数是C风格索引,以零开头,同时尝试获取列索引sql-style起始1.修复循环为:

for (i = 0; i < cols; i++)

答案 1 :(得分:1)

我弄明白了这个问题。我回顾了一些我在6月左右制作的代码,我已经开始将它与我上面发布的代码进行比较。在存在差异的地方,我将代码复制到了新的测试中,我终于让它工作了。

问题是我没有调用sqlite3_step,因此没有查询数据库。这导致没有加载行,因此没有要查询的列,因此sqlite3_column_text返回了无效指针。然而,Iuri还有一个观点,即我正在以一种方式进行迭代,如果我得到的错误是固定的,那么它将开始超出界限,我还没有能够让代码走得那么远一点先发制人的调试。

我还添加了一些基本防御性编码的检查,以便测试应用程序失败,如果没有加载行或指针无效,那么运行时不会启动程序。