grep精确单词匹配（-w）不适用于文本文件中的文件路径

Question

我试图在包含'ls -l'输出的文件中使用完整路径grep文件名，但是无法正确匹配它。

执行字符串搜索的shell脚本中的行

pcline=`grep -w "$file1" $file2` # grep for file1 in file2 contents

如果我回显命令，命令的输出如下所示

grep -w run /home/rajesh/rootfs.layout

Expected
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Aug 28 run

Actual
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Aug 28 bin/run-parts
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Aug 28 run
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 303 Aug 28 tests/aes/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 445 Aug 28 tests/auto_ui/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 320 Aug 28 tests/available_memory/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 308 Aug 28 tests/fonts/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 309 Aug 28 tests/html_config_page/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 361 Aug 28 tests/ipc/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 304 Aug 28 tests/JSON/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 303 Aug 28 tests/log4cplus_cpp/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 301 Aug 28 tests/log4cplus_c/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 751 Aug 28 tests/msm_basic/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 472 Aug 28 tests/res_man_dependency/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 465 Aug 28 tests/res_man_ipc/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 789 Aug 28 tests/res_man_multi_process/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 469 Aug 28 tests/res_man_private_client/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 492 Aug 28 tests/res_man_public_client/run.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 311 Aug 28 tests/virt_mem_config/run.sh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 6 Aug 28 var/run]

我尝试的技巧是添加一个空格，这在我的输入文件中有保证，这可以在控制台中使用，但不能在分配给变量时使用。

grep " tests/aes/run.sh" /home/rajesh/rootfs.layout

脚本中的行

pcline=`grep \"" $file1"\" $file2`     # grep for file1 in file2 contents

如果我在此脚本中犯了任何错误，请告诉我。

Answer 1

您可以像这样使用egrep：

egrep "(^| )$file1( |$)" "$file2"

如果file1="run"，那么上面的命令将匹配字符串run，前面是行开头或空格，后跟空格或行尾。