展平两个表并使用分组依据

Question

我有两个这样的交易表：

TableA

 X  R  S
 71 1 10 
 71 2 20
 71 3 30 
 72 1 40 
 72 2 50
 72 3 60

TableB


 X  P Q
 71 1 110 
 71 2 120
 71 3 130 
 73 1 140 
 73 2 150
 73 3 160

我想展平表格并执行一个查询，它会给我一个这样的结果：

  X  S1  S2  S3   Q1  Q2  Q3

  71 10  20  30  110 120 130
  72 40  50  60   0    0   0
  73  0   0   0  140 150 160

其中S和Q中的下标表示第二列等于下标时第三列的值。例如，当第二列等于1时，S1表示S列值，或者当第二列为2时，Q2表示Q的值。

我无法弄清楚最好的方法是什么。也许我可以使用case语句或者可以是子查询。但说实话，我没有具体的想法。

Answer 1

您可能希望通过连接和两个聚合执行此操作：

select coalesce(a.x, b.x) as x, a.s1, a.s2, a.s3, b.q1, b.q2, b.q3
from (select x,
             max(case when r = 1 then s end) as s1,
             max(case when r = 2 then s end) as s2,
             max(case when r = 3 then s end) as s3
      from tableA a
      group by x
     ) a full outer join
     (select x,
             max(case when p = 1 then q end) as q1,
             max(case when p = 2 then q end) as q2,
             max(case when p = 3 then q end) as q3
      from tableb b
      group by x
     ) b
     on a.x = b.x;

编辑：

如果要避免嵌套子查询，可以尝试：

select coalesce(a.x, b.x) as x,
       max(case when r = 1 then s end) as s1,
       max(case when r = 2 then s end) as s2,
       max(case when r = 3 then s end) as s3
       max(case when p = 1 then q end) as q1,
       max(case when p = 2 then q end) as q2,
       max(case when p = 3 then q end) as q3
from TableA a full outer join
     TableB b
     on a.x = b.x and a.r = b.p
group by coalesce(a.x, b.x);

它甚至可能更有效率。

Answer 2

SELECT 
ISNULL(A.x, B.x) AS x, SUM(CASE WHEN R = 1 THEN S ELSE 0 END) AS S1,
SUM(CASE WHEN R = 2 THEN S ELSE 0 END) AS S2,
SUM(CASE WHEN R = 3 THEN S ELSE 0 END) AS S3,
SUM(CASE WHEN P = 1 THEN Q ELSE 0 END) AS Q1,
SUM(CASE WHEN P = 2 THEN Q ELSE 0 END) AS Q2,
SUM(CASE WHEN P = 3 THEN Q ELSE 0 END) AS Q3 
FROM tableA A FULL JOIN tableB B ON A.X = B.X
GROUP BY ISNULL(A.x, B.x)

T-SQL版