如何取消已发布的回拨:
getIoService()->post(boost::bind(&MyClass::myCallback, this));
并保持其他发布的回调不受影响?
问题是我有一些从不同线程接收事件的对象,我将它们发布到ioservice以处理主线程中的事件。如果在某些时候我想要删除我的对象 - ioservice将尝试在已销毁的对象中执行已发布的回调。在这种情况下,我不能在对象中存储任何标志,因为它将被删除。
有一种可能的解决方案可以使用enable_shared_from_this
和shared_from_this()
,但想知道是否有其他解决方案。
由于
答案 0 :(得分:7)
Sam回答说,无法有选择地取消已发布的处理程序。
如果目标是阻止在生命周期已过期的对象上调用成员函数,那么使用enable_shared_from_this
是惯用的解决方案。这种方法的一个结果是对象的生命周期至少延伸到处理程序的生命周期。如果可以延迟对象的析构函数,则考虑通过shared_from_this()
将对象绑定到处理程序。
另一方面,如果需要立即进行破坏,那么考虑编写一个与实例弱绑定的仿函数。 This问题讨论了与weak_ptr
的绑定,并提供了一些研究/讨论链接。下面是一个与对象弱绑定的仿函数的简化完整示例:
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <boost/enable_shared_from_this.hpp>
#include <boost/make_shared.hpp>
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
/// @brief Mocked up type.
class MyClass:
public boost::enable_shared_from_this<MyClass>
{
public:
MyClass() { std::cout << "MyClass()" << std::endl; }
~MyClass() { std::cout << "~MyClass()" << std::endl; }
void action() { std::cout << "MyClass::action()" << std::endl; }
};
/// @brief weak_binder is a functor that binds a member function
/// to a weakly managed object instance. I.e. this
/// functor will not extend the life of the instance to
/// which it has been bound.
template <typename Fn,
typename C>
struct weak_binder
{
private:
typedef typename C::element_type element_type;
public:
/// @brief Constructor.
weak_binder(Fn& fn, C& c) : fn_(fn), c_(c)
{}
/// @brief Conditional invoke Fn if C still exists.
void operator()()
{
std::cout << "weak_binder::operator()" << std::endl;
// Create a shared pointer from the weak pointer. If
// succesful, then the object is still alive.
if (boost::shared_ptr<element_type> ptr = c_.lock())
{
// Invoke the function on the object.
(*ptr.*fn_)();
}
}
private:
Fn fn_;
boost::weak_ptr<element_type> c_;
};
/// @brief Helper function to create a functor that weakly
/// binds to a shared object.
template <typename Fn,
typename C>
weak_binder<Fn, C> weak_bind(Fn fn, C c)
{
return weak_binder<Fn, C>(fn, c);
}
int main()
{
boost::asio::io_service io_service;
boost::shared_ptr<MyClass> my_class = boost::make_shared<MyClass>();
// my_class will remain alive for this handler because a shared_ptr
// is bound to handler B, and handler B will only be destroyed after
// handler A has been destroyed.
io_service.post(weak_bind(&MyClass::action,
my_class->shared_from_this())); // A
// my_class will remain alive for this handler because it is bound
// via a shared_ptr.
io_service.post(boost::bind(&MyClass::action,
my_class->shared_from_this())); // B
// my_class will not be alive for this handler, because B will have
// been destroyed, and the my_class is reset before invoking the
// io_service.
io_service.post(weak_bind(&MyClass::action,
my_class->shared_from_this())); // C
// Reset the shared_ptr, resulting in the only remaining shared_ptr
// instance for my_class residing within handler B.
my_class.reset();
io_service.run();
}
结果输出:
MyClass() weak_binder::operator() MyClass::action() MyClass::action() ~MyClass() weak_binder::operator()
可以看出,MyClass::action()
仅被调用两次:一次通过weak_binder
,而实例处于活动状态(处理程序A),一次通过boost::bind
,其中实例通过维护a shared_ptr
(处理程序B)。调用处理程序C,但weak_binder::operator()
检测到实例已被销毁,从而产生无声操作。
答案 1 :(得分:3)
您无法通过io_service
以这种方式有选择地取消回调。一种选择是将逻辑移动到更高级别,例如MyClass
内部。示例实现可能是:
class MyClass : public boost::enable_shared_from_this<MyClass>
{
public:
typedef boost::shared_ptr<MyClas> Ptr;
static Ptr create( boost::asio::io_service& io_service ) {
const Ptr result( new MyClass );
io_service.post( boost::bind(&MyClass::myCallback, result) );
return result;
}
void myCallback() {
if ( _canceled ) return;
}
void cancel() { _canceled = true; }
private:
MyClass() : _canceled(false) { }
private:
bool _canceled;
};
此类使用boost::shared_ptr
来强制执行共享所有权语义。只要回调在调度之前保留在io_service
队列中,对象生存期就会保持不变。