我该如何比较这些双打以获得理想的结果?

时间:2013-08-06 13:12:22

标签: c# .net comparison double precision

我在这里有一个简单的示例应用程序,我将乘法并添加double变量,然后将它们与预期结果进行比较。在这两种情况下,结果都等于预期结果,但是当我进行比较时,它失败了。

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    double a = 98.1;
    double b = 107.7;
    double c = 92.5;
    double d = 96.5;

    double expectedResult = 88.5;
    double result1 = (1*2*a) + (-1*1*b);
    double result2 = (1*2*c) + (-1*1*d);            

    Console.WriteLine(String.Format("2x{0} - {1} = {2}\nEqual to 88.5? {3}\n", a, b, result1, expectedResult == result1));
    Console.WriteLine(String.Format("2x{0} - {1} = {2}\nEqual to 88.5? {3}\n", c, d, result2, expectedResult == result2));

    Console.Read();
}

这是输出:

2x98.1 - 107.7 = 88.5
Equal to 88.5? False

2x92.5 - 96.5 = 88.5
Equal to 88.5? True

我需要能够在两种情况下捕获它实际上是True。我该怎么做?

7 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

浮点数通常不包含数学告诉我们的确切值,因为它们存储数字的方式。

要进行可靠的比较,您需要考虑一些差异:

private const double DoubleEpsilon = 2.22044604925031E-16;

/// <summary>Determines whether <paramref name="value1"/> is very close to <paramref name="value2"/>.</summary>
/// <param name="value1">The value1.</param>
/// <param name="value2">The value2.</param>
/// <returns><c>true</c> if <paramref name="value1"/> is very close to value2; otherwise, <c>false</c>.</returns>
public static bool IsVeryCloseTo(this double value1, double value2)
{
    if (value1 == value2)
        return true;

    var tolerance = (Math.Abs(value1) + Math.Abs(value2)) * DoubleEpsilon;
    var difference = value1 - value2;

    return -tolerance < difference && tolerance > difference;
}

另请务必阅读this blog post

答案 1 :(得分:1)

如果您需要更高的精确度(用于赚钱等),请使用decimal

var a = 98.1M;
var b = 107.7M;
var c = 92.5M;
var d = 96.5M;

var expectedResult = 88.5M;
var result1 = (2 * a) + (-1 * b);
var result2 = (2 * c) + (-1 * d);

Console.WriteLine(String.Format("2x{0} - {1} = {2}\nEqual to 88.5? {3}\n", a, b, result1, expectedResult == result1));
Console.WriteLine(String.Format("2x{0} - {1} = {2}\nEqual to 88.5? {3}\n", c, d, result2, expectedResult == result2));

输出:

2x98.1 - 107.7 = 88.5
Equal to 88.5? True

2x92.5 - 96.5 = 88.5
Equal to 88.5? True

答案 2 :(得分:0)

浮点数在内存中的表示方式存在问题。

您应该阅读本文以更好地了解最新情况:What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic

答案 3 :(得分:0)

只需将您的舍入更改为2级,这将为TRUE

double result1 =Math.Round ( (1 * 2 * a) + (-1 * 1 * b),2);

答案 4 :(得分:0)

使用Math.Round()将result1舍入为正确的小数

result1 = Math.Round(result1, 1);

答案 5 :(得分:0)

使用调试器,

result1=88.499999999999986;
expectedResult = 88.5

所以当使用double时,这些并不相等。

答案 6 :(得分:0)

有一整套思想反对使用Double.Epsilon和类似的数字......

我认为他们使用了这个:(取自https://stackoverflow.com/a/2411661/613130,但通过nobugz的IsNaNIsInfinity建议here进行了修改

public static bool AboutEqual(double x, double y)
{
    if (double.IsNaN(x)) return double.IsNaN(y); 
    if (double.IsInfinity(x)) return double.IsInfinity(y) && Math.Sign(x) == Math.Sign(y);

    double epsilon = Math.Max(Math.Abs(x), Math.Abs(y)) * 1E-15;
    return Math.Abs(x - y) <= epsilon;
}

1E-15“幻数”基于double s精度略高于15位的事实。

我会为你的数字加上它返回true: - )