我已经在其他帖子上搜索了这个问题,但到目前为止还没有。我在这里。
我想创建一个可移植的包。便携式,如“我可以在任何OS X机器上运行它,即使我没有安装我需要的库(Qt)”。不幸的是,我无法弄清楚如何使用fixup_bundle()(这似乎是它的正确工具)来实现这一目标。
这是我最小的CMake生成的C ++项目:
的main.cpp
#include <QString>
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
QString s("Hello, world!");
std::cout << s.toStdString() << std::endl;
return 0;
}
的CMakeLists.txt
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.11)
project(test)
# That part because I use a custom build of Qt. That's not the
# relevant part (I guess?)
FILE(GLOB QTROOTS path_to_qt/Qt-4.8.1/osx/bin/qmake)
find_program(QT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE NAMES qmake PATHS ${QTROOTS})
find_package(Qt4 COMPONENTS QtCore REQUIRED)
include(${QT_USE_FILE})
add_executable(test MACOSX_BUNDLE main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(test ${QT_LIBRARIES})
install(SCRIPT bundle.cmake)
bundle.cmake
INCLUDE(BundleUtilities)
fixup_bundle(test.app "" "")
这是生成的test.app结构
test.app
- Contents
- Info.plist
- Frameworks
- QtCore.framework
- Versions
- 4
- QtCore
- MacOS
- test
所需的一切似乎都在捆绑中。一切顺利编译,运行良好,但是当我调用fixup_bundle时,这就是我得到的:
vincent@hpcd0016-lion:tmp/test_bundle/ (0) > make install
[100%] Built target test
Install the project...
-- Install configuration: ""
-- fixup_bundle
-- app='test.app'
-- libs=''
-- dirs=''
-- fixup_bundle: preparing...
-- fixup_bundle: copying...
-- 1/4: *NOT* copying '/Users/vincent/tmp/test_bundle/test.app/Contents/MacOS/test'
-- 2/4: copying 'path_to_qt/Qt-4.8.1/osx/lib//QtCore.framework/Versions/4/QtCore'
-- fixup_bundle: fixing...
-- 3/4: fixing up '/Users/vincent/tmp/test_bundle/test.app/Contents/MacOS/test'
exe_dotapp_dir/='test.app/Contents/MacOS/'
item_substring='/Users/vincent/t'
resolved_embedded_item='/Users/vincent/tmp/test_bundle/test.app/Contents/MacOS/test'
Install or copy the item into the bundle before calling fixup_bundle.
Or maybe there's a typo or incorrect path in one of the args to fixup_bundle?
CMake Error at /Applications/CMake 2.8-11.app/Contents/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/BundleUtilities.cmake:568 (message):
cannot fixup an item that is not in the bundle...
Call Stack (most recent call first):
/Applications/CMake 2.8-11.app/Contents/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/BundleUtilities.cmake:656 (fixup_bundle_item)
bundle.cmake:2 (fixup_bundle)
cmake_install.cmake:31 (INCLUDE)
make: *** [install] Error 1
有依赖路径(由otool -L给出):
vincent@hpcd0016-lion:test.app/Contents/ (0) > otool -L test.app/Contents/MacOS/test
test.app/Contents/MacOS/test:
path_to_qt/Qt-4.8.1/osx/lib//QtCore.framework/Versions/4/QtCore (compatibility version 4.8.0, current version 4.8.1)
/usr/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 56.0.0)
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 169.3.0)
vincent@hpcd0016-lion:tmp/test_bundle/ (0) > otool -L test.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtCore.framework/Versions/4/QtCore
test.app/Contents/Frameworks/QtCore.framework/Versions/4/QtCore:
path_to_qt/Qt-4.8.1/osx/lib//QtCore.framework/Versions/4/QtCore (compatibility version 4.8.0, current version 4.8.1)
/usr/lib/libz.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1.2.5)
/usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 159.1.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/ApplicationServices.framework/Versions/A/ApplicationServices (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 41.0.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/Versions/A/CoreFoundation (compatibility version 150.0.0, current version 635.15.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/Security.framework/Versions/A/Security (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 55010.0.0)
/usr/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib (compatibility version 7.0.0, current version 52.0.0)
/usr/lib/libgcc_s.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1094.0.0)
/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Versions/A/CoreServices (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 53.0.0)
显然,fixup_bundle没有为二进制文件修复捆绑包仍然将其ID设置为我的机器路径。
这个简单的例子我做错了什么?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
我在CMakeLists.txt
的顶部添加了这一行set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR})
就是这样。
默认情况下,显然,我的机器上的CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX设置为/ usr / local。如果将其更改为我当前的工作目录解决了问题,这意味着CMake正在尝试在/ usr / local上执行某些操作(不允许这样做)。那么为什么错误消息没有提到这样一个正确的访问错误?
我不知道我是否阅读了足够的文档,或者文档是否需要一些精确的内容......
答案 1 :(得分:1)
此外,我实际上必须更明确地了解安装路径(即在.app内)。
像这样:
set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR})
install(CODE "
include(BundleUtilities)
fixup_bundle(${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/MyApp.app \"\" \"\")
" COMPONENT Runtime)
(N.B。没有单独的SCRIPT,而是嵌入式代码 - 不应该有所作为。)
答案 2 :(得分:0)
为了响应 timlukins 的回答,如果您要在 install 代码中调用任何 CMake 变量,那么您必须非常小心地避免早期评估。
您发布的代码将在将您的代码嵌入安装脚本之前立即解析 CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX
。这意味着 cmake_install.cmake
文件将包含:
include(BundleUtilities)
fixup_bundle(/usr/local/MyApp.app "" "")
(或您在生成构建树时将 CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX
设置为的任何路径。)这不是您想要的,因为它使您的构建即使在安装之前也无法重定位。
您需要保护 CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX
调用,使其完好无损地进入安装脚本,并将使用安装时值。有两种方法可以做到这一点。
install(CODE "
include(BundleUtilities)
fixup_bundle(\"\$\{CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX\}/MyApp.app\" \"\" \"\")
" COMPONENT Runtime)
install(CODE [[
include(BundleUtilities)
fixup_bundle("${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/MyApp.app" "" "")
]] COMPONENT Runtime)
不会识别任何变量名称或替换括号参数内的引用,因此可以安全地使用未转义的变量名。 (生成器表达式仍会被处理,这有时会很方便。不是为了这个,确切地说,但我只是想了一种方法......)
对于 oarfish 的评论问题:
<块引用>qt平台插件(libqcocoa.dylib)未捆绑的问题你是怎么解决的?
这就是我可以处理的方法。它经过了轻微的测试,似乎至少是在正确的轨道上。虽然我不禁觉得必须有一种更简单的方法来处理输出路径。
install(CODE [[
include(BundleUtilities)
# You could also do this part before the CODE using
# install(TARGETS MyApp BUNDLE DESTINATION foo)
#
file(INSTALL DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/foo"
TYPE DIRECTORY FILES "$<TARGET_BUNDLE_DIR:MyApp>")
# This string is crazy-long enough that it's worth folding into a var...
set (_plugin_file "$<TARGET_FILE_NAME:Qt5::QCocoaIntegrationPlugin>")
# Ditto the output paths for our installation
set (_appdir "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/foo/MyApp.app")
set (_outdir "${_appdir}/Contents/plugins/platforms")
file(INSTALL DESTINATION "${_outdir}"
TYPE FILE FILES "$<TARGET_FILE:Qt5::QCocoaIntegrationPlugin>")
fixup_bundle("${_appdir}" "${_outdir}/${_plugin_file}" "")
]] COMPONENT Runtime)
生成构建系统后,您可以将输出到此 cmake_install.cmake
文件的二进制目录中的 CMakeLists.txt
文件读取,以查看 install(CODE...)
是否产生了您想要的.
如果您想知道 ${_outdir}
路径从何而来,那就是上帝的话语。
来自 Qt 的“Using qt.conf
”:
绝对路径按照 qt.conf
文件中的规定使用。所有路径都相对于 Prefix
。 [...] 在 macOS 上,Prefix
相对于应用程序包中的 Contents
。例如,application.app/Contents/plugins/
是加载 Qt 插件的默认位置。请注意,插件需要放在plugins
目录下的特定子目录中(详见How to Create Qt Plugins)。