将UNPIVOT与动态SQL一起使用

时间:2013-06-05 11:06:43

标签: sql sql-server-2005 pivot dynamic-sql unpivot

我有一个包含此架构的表:

tblResults

Question1 | Question2 | Question3 | etc | etc | Question240 |

在这些列中,值可以是以下值:

1, 2, 3, 4, N, M

我需要提供如下数据:

| QuestionNumber | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | N | M |
------------------------------------------
| Question1      | 53| 27| 10| 5 | 2 | 3 |
| etc            | 20| 40| 32| 8 | 0 | 0 | <-- These values being % (but I can do the calculation later).
| etc            |

我需要能够控制结果集输出的行数。我通过执行以下操作完成了此操作(仅限3列):

DECLARE @cname VARCHAR(MAX)
SELECT @cname = STUFF((
    SELECT ', ' + COLUMN_NAME
    FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
    WHERE (TABLE_NAME = 'tblResults') AND (ORDINAL_POSITION BETWEEN 8 AND 10)
    FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE).value('.', 'varchar(max)'), 1,1,'')

DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(MAX)
SET @sql = 'SELECT Answers, CASE WHEN Answer = '''' THEN ''N'' ELSE Answer END AS Answer, COUNT(Answer) AS Total
            FROM (
                SELECT '+@cname+'
                FROM tblResults
                WHERE (something = ''006'') AND (somethingElse = ''ABC'')
                ) AS MyTable
            UNPIVOT (Answer FOR Answers IN ('+@cname+')) AS MyUnPivot
            GROUP BY Answers, Answer
            ORDER BY Answers, Answer'

exec sp_executesql @sql

这会产生以下结果集:

| Answers | Answer | Total |
----------------------------
|Question1|    1   | 12474 |
|Question1|    2   | 188   |
|Question1|    3   | 200   |
|Question1|    4   | 5     |
|Question1|    N   | 0     |
|Question1|    M   | 142   |
|Question2|    1   | 14521 |
|etc      |        |       |
|etc      |        |       |

因此我的计划是使用动态SQL,因为我无法想到任何其他方法来执行此操作。我尝试了各种各样的UNPIVOT方法,但似乎无法取得任何进展。

Beofre任何人都会建议这是一个多么可怕的设计,我知道,这是我继承的东西,如果没有重写第三方应用程序就无法改变。

如果有人能想出更好的标题,请编辑。

感谢。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

根据您提供的信息,您需要将答案值分配到列中。由于您的答案是静态值(1,2,3,4,N,M),因此您可以将这些值硬编码到查询中。

您仍然需要使用动态SQL来取消输入正确的列。代码类似于以下内容:

DECLARE @colsUnpivot AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX)

select @colsUnpivot = STUFF((SELECT distinct ','+ quotename(c.column_name)
                   from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS as C
                   where (TABLE_NAME = 'tblResults') and
                         (c.ORDINAL_POSITION BETWEEN 3 AND 5)
            FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
            ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
        ,1,1,'')

set @query 
  = 'select questionNumber, [1], [2], [3], [4], [N], [M]
     from
     (
        select questionNumber, answer
        from
        (
          select '+@colsUnpivot+'
          from tblResults
        ) x
        unpivot
        (
          answer
          for questionNumber in ('+ @colsunpivot +')
        ) u
      ) d
      pivot
      (
        count(answer)
        for answer in ([1], [2], [3], [4], [N], [M])
      ) piv'

exec(@query);

SQL Fiddle with Demo。这给出了一个结果:

| QUESTIONNUMBER | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | N | M |
------------------------------------------
|      Question3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
|      Question4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
|      Question5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |