Question

在rspec测试中，我尝试在运行测试之前初始化两个变量，如下所示

  describe "Publishing" do
    before :each do
      page_published = Page.create(attributes_for(:page))
      page_unpublished = Page.create(attributes_for(:page_unpublished))
    end
    it "returns published pages" do
      expect(Page.published).to eq [page_published]
    end
    it "returns unpublished pages" do 
      expect(Page.unpublished).to eq [page_unpublished]
    end
  end

当我这样做时，我收到一个错误：

1) Page Publishing returns unpublished pages
     Failure/Error: expect(Page.unpublished).to eq [page_unpublished]
     NameError:
       undefined local variable or method `page_unpublished' for #<RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup::Nested_1::Nested_4:0x0000010355b8c0>

但是，如果我在每个块中定义变量，则没有错误。例如：

  describe "Publishing" do
    it "returns published pages" do
      page_published = Page.create(attributes_for(:page))
      expect(Page.published).to eq [page_published]
    end
    it "returns unpublished pages" do 
      page_unpublished = Page.create(attributes_for(:page_unpublished))
      expect(Page.unpublished).to eq [page_unpublished]
    end
  end

为什么在“之前：每个do”块中声明的变量在块中被识别？

Answer 1

因为您将它们声明为each块的本地变量，它立即超出范围。您需要将它们声明为实例变量，以使其可用于其他方法：

before :each do
  @page_published = Page.create(attributes_for(:page))
  @page_unpublished = Page.create(attributes_for(:page_unpublished))
end

Answer 2

meagar是对的。但这也是使用let!块的主要场所，使其成为：

  describe "Publishing" do

    let! :page_published { Page.create(attributes_for(:page)) }
    let! :page_unpublished { Page.create(attributes_for(:page_unpublished)) }

    it "returns published pages" do
      expect(Page.published).to eq [page_published]
    end
    it "returns unpublished pages" do 
      expect(Page.unpublished).to eq [page_unpublished]
    end
  end

“之前：每个人”阻止不在rspec中运行

2 个答案: