在Python 3.3中使用namedtuple文档示例作为我的模板,我有以下代码来下载csv并将其转换为一系列namedtuple子类实例:
from collections import namedtuple
from csv import reader
from urllib.request import urlopen
SecurityType = namedtuple('SecurityType', 'sector, name')
url = 'http://bsym.bloomberg.com/sym/pages/security_type.csv'
for sec in map(SecurityType._make, reader(urlopen(url))):
print(sec)
这引发了以下异常:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "scrap.py", line 9, in <module>
for sec in map(SecurityType._make, reader(urlopen(url))):
_csv.Error: iterator should return strings, not bytes (did you open the file in text mode?)
我知道问题是urlopen返回字节而不是字符串,我需要在某些时候解码输出。以下是我现在使用StringIO的方式:
from collections import namedtuple
from csv import reader
from urllib.request import urlopen
import io
SecurityType = namedtuple('SecurityType', 'sector, name')
url = 'http://bsym.bloomberg.com/sym/pages/security_type.csv'
reader_input = io.StringIO(urlopen(url).read().decode('utf-8'))
for sec in map(SecurityType._make, reader(reader_input)):
print(sec)
这闻起来很有趣,因为我基本上迭代字节缓冲区,解码,重新缓冲,然后迭代新的字符串缓冲区。没有两次迭代,是否有更多的Pythonic方法可以做到这一点?
答案 0 :(得分:5)
使用io.TextIOWrapper()
解码urllib
响应:
reader_input = io.TextIOWrapper(urlopen(url), encoding='utf8', newline='')
现在csv.reader
传递完全相同的接口,它会在文本模式下打开文件系统上的常规文件时获得。
通过此更改,您的示例网址适用于Python 3.3.1:
>>> for sec in map(SecurityType._make, reader(reader_input)):
... print(sec)
...
SecurityType(sector='Market Sector', name='Security Type')
SecurityType(sector='Comdty', name='Calendar Spread Option')
SecurityType(sector='Comdty', name='Financial commodity future.')
SecurityType(sector='Comdty', name='Financial commodity generic.')
SecurityType(sector='Comdty', name='Financial commodity option.')
...
SecurityType(sector='Muni', name='ZERO COUPON, OID')
SecurityType(sector='Pfd', name='PRIVATE')
SecurityType(sector='Pfd', name='PUBLIC')
SecurityType(sector='', name='')
SecurityType(sector='', name='')
SecurityType(sector='', name='')
SecurityType(sector='', name='')
SecurityType(sector='', name='')
SecurityType(sector='', name='')
SecurityType(sector='', name='')
SecurityType(sector='', name='')
SecurityType(sector='', name='')
最后一行似乎产生空元组;原作确实有一些只有逗号的行。