我正在使用python Flask构建一个网站。一切都很顺利,现在我正在努力实施芹菜。
在我尝试使用来自芹菜的烧瓶邮件发送电子邮件之前,情况也很顺利。现在我正在“在应用程序上下文之外工作”错误。
完全追溯是
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/task/trace.py", line 228, in trace_task
R = retval = fun(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/task/trace.py", line 415, in __protected_call__
return self.run(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/ryan/www/CG-Website/src/util/mail.py", line 28, in send_forgot_email
msg = Message("Recover your Crusade Gaming Account")
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask_mail.py", line 178, in __init__
sender = current_app.config.get("DEFAULT_MAIL_SENDER")
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/werkzeug/local.py", line 336, in __getattr__
return getattr(self._get_current_object(), name)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/werkzeug/local.py", line 295, in _get_current_object
return self.__local()
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/globals.py", line 26, in _find_app
raise RuntimeError('working outside of application context')
RuntimeError: working outside of application context
这是我的邮件功能:
@celery.task
def send_forgot_email(email, ref):
global mail
msg = Message("Recover your Crusade Gaming Account")
msg.recipients = [email]
msg.sender = "Crusade Gaming stuff@cg.com"
msg.html = \
"""
Hello Person,<br/>
You have requested your password be reset. <a href="{0}" >Click here recover your account</a> or copy and paste this link in to your browser: {0} <br />
If you did not request that your password be reset, please ignore this.
""".format(url_for('account.forgot', ref=ref, _external=True))
mail.send(msg)
这是我的芹菜文件:
from __future__ import absolute_import
from celery import Celery
celery = Celery('src.tasks',
broker='amqp://',
include=['src.util.mail'])
if __name__ == "__main__":
celery.start()
答案 0 :(得分:5)
Flask-mail需要Flask应用程序上下文才能正常工作。在芹菜方面实例化app对象并使用app.app_context,如下所示:
with app.app_context():
celery.start()
答案 1 :(得分:4)
这是一个解决方案,它适用于烧瓶应用工厂模式,并且还可以使用上下文创建芹菜任务,而无需使用app.app_context()
。在避免循环导入的同时获取该应用程序真的很棘手,但这解决了它。这是芹菜4.2,这是在撰写本文时的最新版本。
结构:
repo_name/
manage.py
base/
base/__init__.py
base/app.py
base/runcelery.py
base/celeryconfig.py
base/utility/celery_util.py
base/tasks/workers.py
因此base
是此示例中的主要应用程序包。在base/__init__.py
我们创建芹菜实例如下:
from celery import Celery
celery = Celery('base', config_source='base.celeryconfig')
base/app.py
文件包含烧瓶应用工厂create_app
并记下它包含的init_celery(app, celery)
:
from base import celery
from base.utility.celery_util import init_celery
def create_app(config_obj):
"""An application factory, as explained here:
http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/patterns/appfactories/.
:param config_object: The configuration object to use.
"""
app = Flask('base')
app.config.from_object(config_obj)
init_celery(app, celery=celery)
register_extensions(app)
register_blueprints(app)
register_errorhandlers(app)
register_app_context_processors(app)
return app
转到base/runcelery.py
内容:
from flask.helpers import get_debug_flag
from base.settings import DevConfig, ProdConfig
from base import celery
from base.app import create_app
from base.utility.celery_util import init_celery
CONFIG = DevConfig if get_debug_flag() else ProdConfig
app = create_app(CONFIG)
init_celery(app, celery)
接下来,base/celeryconfig.py
文件(作为示例):
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Configure Celery. See the configuration guide at ->
http://docs.celeryproject.org/en/master/userguide/configuration.html#configuration
"""
## Broker settings.
broker_url = 'pyamqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672//'
broker_heartbeat=0
# List of modules to import when the Celery worker starts.
imports = ('base.tasks.workers',)
## Using the database to store task state and results.
result_backend = 'rpc'
#result_persistent = False
accept_content = ['json', 'application/text']
result_serializer = 'json'
timezone = "UTC"
# define periodic tasks / cron here
# beat_schedule = {
# 'add-every-10-seconds': {
# 'task': 'workers.add_together',
# 'schedule': 10.0,
# 'args': (16, 16)
# },
# }
现在在base/utility/celery_util.py
文件中定义init_celery:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
def init_celery(app, celery):
"""Add flask app context to celery.Task"""
TaskBase = celery.Task
class ContextTask(TaskBase):
abstract = True
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
with app.app_context():
return TaskBase.__call__(self, *args, **kwargs)
celery.Task = ContextTask
base/tasks/workers.py
中的工人:
from base import celery as celery_app
from flask_security.utils import config_value, send_mail
from base.bp.users.models.user_models import User
from base.extensions import mail # this is the flask-mail
@celery_app.task
def send_async_email(msg):
"""Background task to send an email with Flask-mail."""
#with app.app_context():
mail.send(msg)
@celery_app.task
def send_welcome_email(email, user_id, confirmation_link):
"""Background task to send a welcome email with flask-security's mail.
You don't need to use with app.app_context() here. Task has context.
"""
user = User.query.filter_by(id=user_id).first()
print(f'sending user {user} a welcome email')
send_mail(config_value('EMAIL_SUBJECT_REGISTER'),
email,
'welcome', user=user,
confirmation_link=confirmation_link)
然后,您需要在repo_name
文件夹中的两个不同的cmd提示中启动芹菜节拍和芹菜工作者。
在一个cmd提示符下执行celery -A base.runcelery:celery beat
和另一个celery -A base.runcelery:celery worker
。
然后,执行需要烧瓶上下文的任务。应该工作。
答案 2 :(得分:2)
在您的mail.py文件中,导入“app”和“mail”对象。然后,使用请求上下文。做这样的事情:
from whateverpackagename import app
from whateverpackagename import mail
@celery.task
def send_forgot_email(email, ref):
with app.test_request_context():
msg = Message("Recover your Crusade Gaming Account")
msg.recipients = [email]
msg.sender = "Crusade Gaming stuff@cg.com"
msg.html = \
"""
Hello Person,<br/>
You have requested your password be reset. <a href="{0}" >Click here recover your account</a> or copy and paste this link in to your browser: {0} <br />
If you did not request that your password be reset, please ignore this.
""".format(url_for('account.forgot', ref=ref, _external=True))
mail.send(msg)
答案 3 :(得分:2)
我没有任何积分,所以我无法提升@ codegeek的答案,所以我决定写自己的,因为我搜索这样的问题得到了这个问题的帮助/回答:我在尝试解决python / flask / celery场景中的类似问题时取得了一些成功。即使您的错误来自尝试使用mail
,而我的错误是在芹菜任务中尝试使用url_for
,我怀疑这两个问题与同一问题有关,并且您可能会遇到错误如果您曾尝试在url_for
之前使用{。}},请使用mail
。
在芹菜任务中没有应用程序的上下文(即使包括import app from my_app_module
之后),我也遇到了错误。您需要在应用程序的上下文中执行mail
操作:
from module_containing_my_app_and_mail import app, mail # Flask app, Flask mail
from flask.ext.mail import Message # Message class
@celery.task
def send_forgot_email(email, ref):
with app.app_context(): # This is the important bit!
msg = Message("Recover your Crusade Gaming Account")
msg.recipients = [email]
msg.sender = "Crusade Gaming stuff@cg.com"
msg.html = \
"""
Hello Person,<br/>
You have requested your password be reset. <a href="{0}" >Click here recover your account</a> or copy and paste this link in to your browser: {0} <br />
If you did not request that your password be reset, please ignore this.
""".format(url_for('account.forgot', ref=ref, _external=True))
mail.send(msg)
如果有人有兴趣,可以找到我在芹菜任务中使用url_for
问题的解决方案here
答案 4 :(得分:0)
在不使用app.app_context()
的情况下,只需在注册蓝图之前配置芹菜,如下所示:
celery = Celery('myapp', broker='redis://localhost:6379/0', backend='redis://localhost:6379/0')
从希望使用celery的蓝图中,调用已创建的celery实例来创建celery任务。
它将按预期工作。