Question

对于C ++基本类型，它可以工作

unordered_map<string, int> m;
unordered_map<string, int>::iterator itr;
string s;
itr = m.find(s);

它编译没有问题。

然而，当我尝试

时

unordered_map<set<string>, int> m;
unordered_map<set<string>, int>::iterator itr;
set<string> s;

itr = m.find(s);

编译器抱怨我无法阅读的内容。有谁知道发生了什么？我必须在这里使用例外吗？

g ++输出：

/tmp/ccdwrdVP.o: In function `std::__detail::_Hash_code_base<std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > >, std::pair<std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > const, int>, std::_Select1st<std::pair<std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > const, int> >, std::equal_to<std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > >, std::hash<std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > >, std::__detail::_Mod_range_hashing, std::__detail::_Default_ranged_hash, false>::_M_hash_code(std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > const&) const':
test_unordermap_find.cpp:(.text._ZNKSt8__detail15_Hash_code_baseISt3setISsSt4lessISsESaISsEESt4pairIKS5_iESt10_Select1stIS8_ESt8equal_toIS5_ESt4hashIS5_ENS_18_Mod_range_hashingENS_20_Default_ranged_hashELb0EE12_M_hash_codeERS7_[std::__detail::_Hash_code_base<std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > >, std::pair<std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > const, int>, std::_Select1st<std::pair<std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > const, int> >, std::equal_to<std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > >, std::hash<std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > >, std::__detail::_Mod_range_hashing, std::__detail::_Default_ranged_hash, false>::_M_hash_code(std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > const&) const]+0x37): undefined reference to `std::hash<std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > >::operator()(std::set<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::less<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > >) const'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

Answer 1

std::unordered_map是通过哈希表实现的，因此它需要一个可以应用于其键类型的哈希函数。默认的哈希函数是std::hash模板：

template < class Key,
           class T,
           class Hash = std::hash<Key>,
           class Pred = std::equal_to<Key>,
           class Alloc = std::allocator< std::pair<const Key,T> >
           > class unordered_map;

但是，std::hash未定义std::set。因此，您需要提供std::hash<set<string>>的定义，或者使用unordered_map的第三个模板参数指定您自己的哈希函数。

unordered_map :: find不适用于STL类型

1 个答案: