我有3个版本的查询,最终会返回相同的结果。
当向一个相对较小的表添加额外的内连接时,其中一个变得非常慢,并且在where子句中使用了参数变量。
快速和慢速查询的执行计划非常不同(包含在每个查询下面)。
我想了解为什么会发生这种情况以及如何防止它。
此查询采用< 1秒。它没有额外的内连接,但它在where子句中使用参数变量。
declare @start datetime = '20120115'
declare @end datetime = '20120116'
select distinct sups.campaignid
from tblSupporterMainDetails sups
inner join tblCallLogs calls on sups.supporterid = calls.supporterid
where calls.callEnd between @start and @end
|--Parallelism(Gather Streams)
|--Sort(DISTINCT ORDER BY:([sups].[campaignID] ASC))
|--Parallelism(Repartition Streams, Hash Partitioning, PARTITION COLUMNS:([sups].[campaignID]))
|--Hash Match(Partial Aggregate, HASH:([sups].[campaignID]))
|--Hash Match(Inner Join, HASH:([calls].[supporterID])=([sups].[supporterID]))
|--Bitmap(HASH:([calls].[supporterID]), DEFINE:([Bitmap1004]))
| |--Parallelism(Repartition Streams, Hash Partitioning, PARTITION COLUMNS:([calls].[supporterID]))
| |--Index Seek(OBJECT:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCallLogs].[IX_tblCallLogs_callend_supporterid] AS [calls]), SEEK:([calls].[callEnd] >= '2012-01-15 00:00:00.000' AND [calls].[callEnd] <= '2012-01-16 00:00:00.000') ORDERED FORWARD)
|--Parallelism(Repartition Streams, Hash Partitioning, PARTITION COLUMNS:([sups].[supporterID]))
|--Index Scan(OBJECT:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblSupporterMainDetails].[AUTOGEN_IX_tblSupporterMainDetails_campaignID] AS [sups]), WHERE:(PROBE([Bitmap1004],[GOGEN].[dbo].[tblSupporterMainDetails].[supporterID] as [sups].[supporterID],N'[IN ROW]')))
此查询采用&lt; 1秒。它有一个额外的内连接BUT在where子句中使用参数常量。
select distinct camps.campaignid
from tblCampaigns camps
inner join tblSupporterMainDetails sups on camps.campaignid = sups.campaignid
inner join tblCallLogs calls on sups.supporterid = calls.supporterid
where calls.callEnd between '20120115' and '20120116'
|--Parallelism(Gather Streams)
|--Hash Match(Right Semi Join, HASH:([sups].[campaignID])=([camps].[campaignID]))
|--Bitmap(HASH:([sups].[campaignID]), DEFINE:([Bitmap1007]))
| |--Parallelism(Repartition Streams, Hash Partitioning, PARTITION COLUMNS:([sups].[campaignID]))
| |--Hash Match(Partial Aggregate, HASH:([sups].[campaignID]))
| |--Hash Match(Inner Join, HASH:([calls].[supporterID])=([sups].[supporterID]))
| |--Bitmap(HASH:([calls].[supporterID]), DEFINE:([Bitmap1006]))
| | |--Parallelism(Repartition Streams, Hash Partitioning, PARTITION COLUMNS:([calls].[supporterID]))
| | |--Index Seek(OBJECT:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCallLogs].[IX_tblCallLogs_callend_supporterid] AS [calls]), SEEK:([calls].[callEnd] >= '2012-01-15 00:00:00.000' AND [calls].[callEnd] <= '2012-01-16 00:00:00.000') ORDERED FORWARD)
| |--Parallelism(Repartition Streams, Hash Partitioning, PARTITION COLUMNS:([sups].[supporterID]))
| |--Index Scan(OBJECT:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblSupporterMainDetails].[AUTOGEN_IX_tblSupporterMainDetails_campaignID] AS [sups]), WHERE:(PROBE([Bitmap1006],[GOGEN].[dbo].[tblSupporterMainDetails].[supporterID] as [sups].[supporterID],N'[IN ROW]')))
|--Parallelism(Repartition Streams, Hash Partitioning, PARTITION COLUMNS:([camps].[campaignID]))
|--Index Scan(OBJECT:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCampaigns].[IX_tblCampaigns_isActive] AS [camps]), WHERE:(PROBE([Bitmap1007],[GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCampaigns].[campaignID] as [camps].[campaignID],N'[IN ROW]')))
此查询需要2分钟。它有一个额外的内连接,它在where子句中使用参数变量。
declare @start datetime = '20120115'
declare @end datetime = '20120116'
select distinct camps.campaignid
from tblCampaigns camps
inner join tblSupporterMainDetails sups on camps.campaignid = sups.campaignid
inner join tblCallLogs calls on sups.supporterid = calls.supporterid
where calls.callEnd between @start and @end
|--Nested Loops(Inner Join, OUTER REFERENCES:([camps].[campaignID]))
|--Index Scan(OBJECT:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCampaigns].[IX_tblCampaigns_isActive] AS [camps]))
|--Top(TOP EXPRESSION:((1)))
|--Nested Loops(Inner Join, OUTER REFERENCES:([calls].[callID], [Expr1007]) OPTIMIZED WITH UNORDERED PREFETCH)
|--Nested Loops(Inner Join, OUTER REFERENCES:([sups].[supporterID], [Expr1006]) WITH UNORDERED PREFETCH)
| |--Index Seek(OBJECT:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblSupporterMainDetails].[AUTOGEN_IX_tblSupporterMainDetails_campaignID] AS [sups]), SEEK:([sups].[campaignID]=[GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCampaigns].[campaignID] as [camps].[campaignID]) ORDERED FORWARD)
| |--Index Seek(OBJECT:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCallLogs].[IX_tblCallLogs_supporterID_closingCall] AS [calls]), SEEK:([calls].[supporterID]=[GOGEN].[dbo].[tblSupporterMainDetails].[supporterID] as [sups].[supporterID]) ORDERED FORWARD)
|--Clustered Index Seek(OBJECT:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCallLogs].[AUTOGEN_PK_tblCallLogs] AS [calls]), SEEK:([calls].[callID]=[GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCallLogs].[callID] as [calls].[callID]), WHERE:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCallLogs].[callEnd] as [calls].[callEnd]>=[@s2] AND [GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCallLogs].[callEnd] as [calls].[callEnd]<=[@e2]) LOOKUP ORDERED FORWARD)
tblCallLogs
上的聚集索引搜索引起的,但我不知道为什么SQL Server会选择此执行计划。tblCampaigns
和tblSupporterMainDetails
重建了索引并更新了统计信息。这没有效果。campaignid
已编入索引。更新:
tblcalllogs
重建了索引和更新的统计信息。没效果。DBCC FREEPROCCACHE
tblCampaign.campaignid int not null
tblSupporterMainDetails.campaignid int not null
tblSupporterMainDetails.supporterid int not null
tblCallLogs.supporterid int not null
tblCallLogs.callEnd datetime not null
更新2:
将索引添加到tblCallLogs.supporterId后 - 使用include列:callEnd
'慢'查询加速最多40秒。
更新的执行计划:
|--Nested Loops(Inner Join, OUTER REFERENCES:([camps].[campaignID]))
|--Index Scan(OBJECT:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCampaigns].[IX_tblCampaigns_isActive] AS [camps]))
|--Top(TOP EXPRESSION:((1)))
|--Nested Loops(Inner Join, OUTER REFERENCES:([sups].[supporterID], [Expr1006]) WITH UNORDERED PREFETCH)
|--Index Seek(OBJECT:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblSupporterMainDetails].[AUTOGEN_IX_tblSupporterMainDetails_campaignID] AS [sups]), SEEK:([sups].[campaignID]=[GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCampaigns].[campaignID] as [camps].[campaignID]) ORDERED FORWARD)
|--Index Seek(OBJECT:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCallLogs].[IX_tblCallLogs_supporterid_callend] AS [calls]), SEEK:([calls].[supporterID]=[GOGEN].[dbo].[tblSupporterMainDetails].[supporterID] as [sups].[supporterID]), WHERE:([GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCallLogs].[callEnd] as [calls].[callEnd]>=[@s2] AND [GOGEN].[dbo].[tblCallLogs].[callEnd] as [calls].[callEnd]<=[@e2]) ORDERED FORWARD)
额外的连接实际上并没有直接导致问题,但它显然改变了语句,以便sql server为它保留了不同的执行计划。
通过增加
OPTION(RECOMPILE)
在缓慢的声明结束时,我能够获得预期的快速性能。即&lt; 1秒。我仍然不确定这个解决方案是否有效 - 为什么没有冲洗所有的计划工作?这是参数嗅探的经典案例吗?我会在知道确切答案时更新这篇文章 - 或者直到有人能给出明确的答案。
感谢@LievenKeersmaekers和@JNK迄今为止的帮助......
答案 0 :(得分:1)
导致解决方案的摘要:
在supporterid, callEnd
上添加覆盖索引。
这里的假设是优化器可以使用此索引(与callEnd,supporterid相比)
tblSupporterMainDetails
和tblCallLogs
where
子句中进一步使用它来选择callEnd
添加选项OPTION(RECOMPILE)
所有cudo用于TiborK和Hunchback,用于解释使用硬编码常量或变量的优化器的差异。
Performance Impact - Constant value -vs- Variable
使用常量时,优化器会知道该值 可以基于此确定选择性(和可能的索引使用)。 使用变量时,优化程序的值是未知的(所以它 必须通过一些硬连线值或可能密度信息)。所以, 从技术上讲,这不是参数嗅探,而是你的任何文章 找到那个主题也应该解释一下a之间的区别 常数和变量。使用OPTION(RECOMPILE)实际上会转向 参数嗅探情况的变化。
本质上,常量,变量之间存在很大差异 和一个参数(可以被嗅探)。