我希望能够保存一个类名数组,并简单地将索引传递给一个函数,该函数将创建某个类的实例。我有内存限制,所以我不想简单地创建一个对象数组。
这是我最具描述性的伪代码:
类:
class Shape
{
public:
Shape();
};
class Square : public Shape
{
public:
Square();
};
class Triangle : public Shape
{
public:
Triangle();
};
主:
int main()
{
pointerToShapeClass arrayOfShapes[2]; // incorrect syntax - but
arrayOfShapes[0] = pointerToSquareClass; // how would i do this?
arrayOfShapes[1] = pointerToTriangleClass;
cin << myNumber;
// Depending on input, create instance of class corresponding to array index
if (myNumber == 0) { // create Square instance }
if (myNumber == 1) { // create Triangle instance }
return 0;
}
如果这令人困惑,我可以试着澄清一下。提前谢谢!
编辑:
实际上,我认为我只需要一个指向类的指针而不实际实例化该类。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
听起来你想要某种工厂:
class Shape
{
public:
Shape();
static Shape* create(int id);
};
Shape* Shape::create(int id) {
switch (id) {
case 0: return new Square();
case 1: return new Triangle();
}
return NULL;
}
然后,当您想要创建特定的Shape
给定用户输入时,您可以执行以下操作:
int myNumber;
cin >> myNumber;
Shape* shape = Shape::create(myNumber);
这是最简单的形式。但是,我建议让create
函数返回std::unique_ptr<Shape>
,而不是原始指针。我还会设置静态常量来表示不同的ID。
class Shape
{
public:
Shape();
static std::unique_ptr<Shape> create(int id);
enum class Id { Square = 0, Triangle = 1 };
};
std::unique_ptr<Shape> Shape::create(Shape::Id id) {
switch (id) {
case Shape::Id::Square: return new Square();
case Shape::Id::Triangle: return new Triangle();
}
return nullptr;
}
答案 1 :(得分:2)
创建std::vector<Shape*>
然后您可以在C ++ 11中执行v.emplace_back(new Triangle());
。在C ++ 03中,您可以使用v.push_back(new Triangle());
您可以使用原始数组
Shape* shapes[10]; // array of pointers;
shapes[0] = new Triangle();
您还可以使用模板并创建模板
template<typename ShapeType>
class Shape
{
public:
ShapeType draw();
//All common Shape Operations
};
class Triangle
{
};
//C++11
using Triangle = Shape<Triangle>;
Triangle mytriangle;
//C++03
typedef Shape<Square> Square;
Square mysquare;
答案 2 :(得分:2)
试试这个:
int main()
{
std::vector<Shape*> shapes;
cin << myNumber;
// Depending on input, create instance of class corresponding to array index
if (myNumber == 0) { shapes.push_back(new Square(); }
if (myNumber == 1) { shapes.push_back(new Triangle(); }
return 0;
}
答案 3 :(得分:1)
我会创建这个函数:
Shape getNewShape(int shapeId)
{
switch (shapeId)
{
case 1: return new Square();
case 2: return new Triangle();
}
//here you should handle wrong shape id
}
然后像这样使用它:
int main()
{
cin << myNumber;
// Depending on input, create instance of class corresponding to array index
shape tempShape = getNewShape(myNumber);
return 0;
}