AJAX与PHP自我提交表单和验证

时间:2013-02-12 15:31:53

标签: php jquery ajax forms

我一直在通过David Powers的“PHP解决方案”一书学习PHP,该书有一个基本的验证/错误处理和输入清理的联系表单,我想在不刷新页面的情况下使用它。

我正在使用XAMPP在本地测试,并且使用php表单本身运行正常:错误消息正确显示,如果表单成功提交,则会显示一个感谢页面,表单将作为电子邮件发送给我测试电子邮件地址

现在我需要使用AJAX提交和显示错误消息的表单。我已经阅读了很多关于实现这一点的帖子,但是我没有成功实现这一点。我已经尝试了jQuery $ .ajax和$ .post方法 - 如果字段全部填满,则会显示成功消息,但不会发送消息。

我的猜测是javascript和php数组的结构不同,但不知道如何调和它。我甚至不确定php处理脚本正在/发送什么,如果有的话。如何在不刷新页面的情况下提交此表单,但仍然使用php脚本进行服务器端验证?

为了简化,我从我的页面中删除了所有其他内容(并将所有文件放在同一个文件夹中),除了表单:php,html和jQuery / AJAX我无法弄清楚。

希望这是有道理的。我的4个文件:

mySite.js(jQuery / AJAX我遇到麻烦......):

mySite = {

    jsFormSubmission : function() {
        $("#feedback").submit(function(event){
            event.preventDefault();
            var errorMsg = "<p class=\"errorBox\">Please fix the item(s) indicated.</p>";
            var successMsg = "<p class=\"messageBox\">Thanks for the submission, your message has been sent.</p>";

            var myObject = {
                name : $("#name").val(),
                email : $("#email").val(),
                comments : $("#comments").val()
            };

            var ajaxData = JSON.stringify(myObject);

            $.ajax({
                type: 'POST',
                url: 'form.php',
                data: ajaxData,
                success: function(data){
                    $(".formResult").html(successMsg);
                },
                error: function(http) {
                    $(".formResult").html(errorMsg);
                    alert(http.responseText);
                }
            });
        });
    }

};

表格(contact.php):

<?php include("form.php"); ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head>
    <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src=" mySite.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(document).ready(function() {
            mySite.jsFormSubmission();
        });
    </script>
</head>

<body>
    <div id="contact">

        <p class="formResult"></p>

        <?php $errorForm = (($_POST && $suspect) || ($_POST && isset($errors['mailfail'])));
              $errorTag = $missing || $errors;
              if ($errorForm || $errorTag) { ?>

        <p class="errorBox">
        <?php } ?>
            <?php if ($errorForm) { ?>
                Sorry, your message could not be sent. Please try again later.
                <?php  } elseif ($errorTag) { ?>
                Please fix the item(s) indicated.
            <?php } ?>
        <?php if ($errorForm || $errorTag) { ?>
        </p>
        <?php } ?>

        <form id="feedback" method="post" action="">

            <div class="tag">
                <label id="lblName" for="name">Name: 
                <?php if ($missing && in_array('name', $missing)) { ?>
                    <span style="color:red; font-weight:bold;">Please enter your name</span>
                <?php } ?>
                </label>
                <input name="name" id="name" type="text" class="formbox"
                <?php if ($missing || $errors) {
                    echo 'value="' . htmlentities($name, ENT_COMPAT, 'UTF-8') . '"';
                } ?>>
            </div>

            <div class="tag">
                <label id="lblEmail" for="email">Email: 
                <?php if ($missing && in_array('email', $missing)) { ?>
                    <span style="color:red; font-weight:bold;">Please enter your email address</span>
                <?php } elseif (isset($errors['email'])) { ?>
                    <span style="color:red; font-weight:bold;">Invalid email address</span>
                <?php } ?>
                </label>
                <input name="email" id="email" type="text" class="formbox"
                <?php if ($missing || $errors) {
                    echo 'value="' . htmlentities($email, ENT_COMPAT, 'UTF-8') . '"';
                } ?>>
            </div>

            <div class="tag">
                <label id="lblComments" for="comments">Comments: 
                <?php if ($missing && in_array('comments', $missing)) { ?>
                    <span style="color:red; font-weight:bold;">Please enter your message</span>
                <?php } ?>
                </label>
                <textarea name="comments" id="comments" cols="60" rows="8"><?php 
                    if ($missing || $errors) {
                        echo htmlentities($comments, ENT_COMPAT, 'UTF-8');
                    } ?></textarea>
            </div>

            <p>
                <input name="send" id="send" type="submit" value="Send message">
            </p>

        </form>
    </div>
    </body>
</html>

form.php(包含在contact.php的顶部):

<?php 
$name = '';
$email = '';
$comments = '';
$required = '';
$errors = array();
$missing = array();
// check if the form has been submitted
if (isset($_POST['send'])) {
    //email processing script
    $to = 'johntest2@localhost';
    $subject = 'Website contact form';
    //list expected fields
    $expected = array('name', 'email', 'comments');
    // set required fields
    $required = array('name', 'email', 'comments');
    $headers = "From: Website Contact Test<johntest1@localhost>\r\n";
    $headers .= 'Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8';

    require('processmail.php');
    if ($mailSent) {
        header("Location: thankYou.php#main");
        $messageConfirm = true;
        exit;
    }
}
?>

processmail.php(验证脚本 - 包含在form.php中):

<?php

$suspect = false;
$pattern = '/Content-Type:|Bcc:|Cc:/i';

// function to check for suspect phrases
function isSuspect($val, $pattern, &$suspect) {
    if (is_array($val)) {
        foreach ($val as $item) {
            isSuspect($item, $pattern, $suspect);
        }
    } else {
        if (preg_match($pattern, $val)) {
            $suspect = true;
        }
    }
}
isSuspect($_POST, $pattern, $suspect);

if (!$suspect) {
    foreach ($_POST as $key => $value) {
        $temp = is_array($value) ? $value : trim($value);
        if (empty($temp) && in_array($key, $required)) {
            $missing[] = $key;
        } elseif (in_array($key, $expected)) {
            ${$key} = $temp;
        }
    }
}

// validate the user's email
if (!$suspect && !empty($email)) {
    $validemail = filter_input(INPUT_POST, 'email', FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL);
    if ($validemail) {
        $headers .= "\r\nReply-To: $validemail";
    } else {
            $errors['email'] = true;
    }
}

$mailSent = false;

if (!$suspect && !$missing && !$errors) {

    // initialize the $message variable
    $message = '';
    foreach($expected as $item) {
        if (isset(${$item}) && !empty(${$item})) {
            $val = ${$item};
        } else {
            $val = 'Not selected';
        }
        if (is_array($val)) {
            $val = implode(', ', $val);
        }
        $item = str_replace(array('_', '-'), ' ', $item);
        $message .= ucfirst($item).": $val\r\n\r\n";
    }

    $message = wordwrap($message, 70);

    $mailSent = mail($to, $subject, $message, $headers);
    if (!$mailSent) {
        $errors['mailfail'] = true;
    }
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

您可以通过几种方式从PHP端获取错误。你可以抛出一个我不推荐的例外,或使用标题:

header($_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] . ' 500 Internal Server Error', true, 500);

在您的AJAX调用中,使用jQuery错误回调:

$.ajax({ 
    url: //url,
    data: //data,
    success: function (data) { //show success },
    error: function () { //display code here } 
});

您还可以从PHP端返回错误消息正文中的错误,并在错误回调中从正文中删除该错误。

PHP:

header($_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] . ' 500 Internal Server Error', true, 500);
echo 'Your error message';

JavaScript的:

error: function(http) {
   // show http.responseText;
}

此外,对于表单提交,请将数据打包到对象中,然后对其进行序列化。所以:

var myObject = {
    property1 : 'string',
    property2 : [ 'array' ]
};

var ajaxData = JSON.stringify(myObject);