C / C ++ dev环境中最有用/最常用的vim命令

时间:2009-09-24 14:20:37

标签: c++ c vim vi

以下是我的列表

与我不同 - 正如我为说明目的所做的那样 - 不要粘贴太多。

最重要的是,提供解释

命令不应该是通用的,但与C ++ / C环境相关。 ctags&范围也欢迎

gi .....................init insert mode in last insertion position

'0 .....................open last edited file

gf .....................open file under cursor in same window 

Ctrl-w q ...............close current window

:setlocal autoread .....Auto reloads the current buffer..especially useful while viewing log files

for i in range(1,255) | .put='10.0.0.'.i | endfor....   insert range ip's

g; and g, .......................to move (forward, backward) through the changelist

fx Move the cursor forward to the next occurrence of the character x on the current line (obviously, x can be any character you like). This is an extremely useful command. You can type ; to repeat the last f command you gave. 

tx Same as above, but moves the cursor to right before the character, not all the way to it. (It's very useful, really.) 

Fx Move the cursor backward to the next occurrence of the character x on the current line. 
w Move the cursor forward by a word. 
b Move the cursor backward by a word. 
0 Move the cursor to the beginning of the current line. 
^ Move the cursor to the first character on the current line. 
$ Move the cursor to the end of the line 


Visual search ....... you can simply yank the selected text with y and go to search mode 
/, then you can paste the last yanked text with Ctrl+R 0

ci" - cuts the text in current quotes
ciw - cuts the current word. This works just like the previous one except that ( is replaced with w.
C - cut the rest of the line and switch to Insert mode.
zz -- it scrolls the screen to make this line appear in the middle
C - cut the rest of the line and switch to Insert mode.
de - delete from cursor to the end of the word (you can also do dE to delete until the next space)
df[space] -- delete up until and including the next space
bye -- copies current word 
b and e move the cursor word-by-word
capital D (take a deep breath) Deletes the rest of the line to the right 
cd %:h change to current directory
:r! <command> pastes the output of an external command into the buffer.
:%s/foo/bar(&)/g will look for foo, and surround the matched pattern with bar().
:s/.*/PREFIX & SUFFIX/ you want to add a prefix and a suffix simultaneously, you can do something like this:

gd....... keystroke stands for Goto Declaration
gD....... This takes you to the global declaration of the variable under the cursor
------------------
:make error
[make_error]
On pressing RETURN, the cursor moves to line number 6
Now, the command :cn will move the cursor to the line number 4. 
To move back to the previous error, one can use the command :cN and the cursor will move back to the line 6. 
After correcting the error on line 5 and adding "return 1;", one can run :make again and the output will be 


---------
:%!grep sdf | sort -n -k3

1)select the whole content using '%' 
2) pipe it to an external command using '!' 
3) grep onyl the lines containing 'sdf' 
4) sort these lines numerically (-n) on the third field (-k3)


d$ will delete from current position to end of line 
d^ will delete from current backward to first non-white-space character 
d0 will delete from current backward to beginning of line 
dw deletes current to end of current word (including trailing space) 
db deletes current to beginning of current word 

:%s/pattern//gn........... For counting the number of times some pattern occurs, use:

CTRL-O   Go to [count] Older cursor position in jump list  
CTRL-I   Go to [count] newer cursor position in jump list


zz - line that has a cursor is in the middle of the screen
zt - line that has a cursor is in the top of the screen
zb - line that has a cursor is in the buttom of the screen

set printoptions=number:y  ...set numbers in a hardcopy 
:hardcopy.... to print the file :w

shift d ...... Deleting from current position to end of line
vim -o ....... allows you to open two windows, split vertically horizontally
vim -O ....... allows you to open two windows, split vertically
CTRL+W CTRL-Q ......to close the current windows
qall.........How do I quit all windows

0 ...First position on line
Ctrl g ...where am I
:set wrapmargin=70
printexpr=system('lpr' . (&printdevice == '' ? '' : ' -P' . &printdevice) . ' ' . v:fname_in) . delete(v:fname_in) + v:shell_error

Tab block of code ....select your block of code (with [V]isual line mode normally), then press > or <.
If you want to tab more than once, 2> or 3> to repeat it.

新闻:

 Guys, let's REOPEN THIS QUESTION, and go WIKI-CRAZY!

7 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

我认为有用的一组命令是[[,]],[],] [。它们通过第一列的花括号进行导航,因此如果使用适当的缩进,它们可以有效地让您浏览函数。

答案 1 :(得分:4)

我过度使用的是以下内容:

  • :AV垂直拆分当前窗口并打开与相应源/头文件关联的头文件/源文件(如果尚未打开,否则我们跳转到其窗口)
  • :GSp and :GVSp分割当前窗口并打开请求的文件(位于&amp; path中的某个位置),或者如果文件已经打开则跳转到该文件
  • <m-x>切换当前行的评论
  • :Make在后台编译当前项目 - 注意:需要设置一个标志才能这样做
  • <c-x>be.begin(), /container_name/.end()
  • 中添加whatever(container_name<curoser_here>)
  • #i将扩展为#include
  • :DOX将为当前函数原型添加doxygen注释 - 参数const- / ref-ness,throw spec,return type被考虑在内
  • :GOTOIMPL将从当前函数声明创建一个默认主体(或在可能的情况下跳转到已存在的主体)
  • <c-w><m-down>:导航代码库的另一种方法
  • for/if/...:在插入模式下扩展到相关的代码段(在字符串/注释上下文之外)
  • ,for/,if/.. and ,,for/,,if/...使用相关代码段围绕当前选择,选择将进入控制语句正文(一,)或其条件(二),
  • tpl扩展为template <<cursor>><+placeholder+>
  • 所有文本对象动作与=,d,c,... + di,/vi,/...作用于当前参数
  • <c-x>v, <c-x>t提取所选变量/类型(重构)
  • All the bracket opening characters + <m-del>维持平衡括号

我在使用C ++开发时使用了许多其他命令,但不太经常 - 只是探索我给出的链接。

答案 2 :(得分:3)

这些可能对编程很有用

= - 打算发短信。缩进所有文件g CTRL + V G =

CTRL-P / CTRL-O - 完成文字

} y - 粘贴块并在新位置正确缩进。例如,剪贴板中的代码块是2级缩进,应该粘贴在代码中,它将在3级缩进中。

CTRL-X + f 以完成文件名

&gt;&gt; /&lt;&lt; - 增加/减少缩进

- 转到相应的打开/关闭括号

minibufexpl是一个很好的插件,可以在几个文件上同时工作

答案 3 :(得分:3)

>aB缩进块。不经常使用 ,但仍然是宝石。

答案 4 :(得分:2)

使用不同的视图对于并排代码比较非常有用 请注意,拆分创建的每个视图都可以包含单独的文件。

水平分割视图

:split

垂直分割视图

:vsplit

在拆分视图之间移动

^W<arrow>      (Thats control W) (Arrow Key)

设置标签文件后:

^]             (Move over identifier you want to find: Hit Control ])
:tn            Next Tag
:tp            Previous Tag
:pop           Pop back to the place you where when you hit ^]

答案 5 :(得分:1)

你应该看看SnippetsEmu。一个很棒的插件,可以在C中为你节省很多经常输入的单词。

注意:你问的是命令而不是插件,但只是想提一下这个。

答案 6 :(得分:1)

我曾经使用的最好的是当我使用running makeQuickfix的组合时。我按F6编译,然后F7向后移动错误,F8通过使用gcc警告/错误输出中的行号向前移动。按alt-tab键快,按下。