避免代码重复 - 最好的方法

时间:2013-01-16 22:54:52

标签: java design-patterns

我有两个方法,它们具有相同的列表和参数类型,几乎相同的主体,但每个方法都调用另一个函数来获取元素列表。更确切地说:



    public void method1 (int a, int b) {
            //body (the same in both of methods)
            List<SomeObject> list = service.getListA(int c, int d);
            //rest of the body (the same in both of methods)
        }

        public void method2 (int a, int b) {
            //body (the same in both of methods)
            List<SomeObject> list = service.getListB(int c, int d, int e);
            //rest of the body (the same in both of methods)
        }

在这种情况下避免代码重复的问题的最佳方法是什么?我考虑过策略模式,但是参数列表存在差异。

更新:



    public void method1 (int a, int b) {
            //body (the same in both of methods)
            int c = some_value;
            List<SomeObject> list = service.getListA(a, b, c);
            //rest of the body (the same in both of methods)
        }

        public void method2 (int a, int b) {
            //body (the same in both of methods)
            int c = some_value;
            int d = another_value;
            List<SomeObject> list = service.getListB(a, b, c, d);
            //rest of the body (the same in both of methods)
        }

所以有些变量是本地变量,有些变量是通过参数传递的。

6 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:6)

将它们分解为其他方法。

public void method1 (int a, int b) {
        MyClass myClass = method3(a, b);
        List<SomeObject> list = service.getListA(myClass.getC(), myClass.getD());
        method4(list);
}

public void method2 (int a, int b) {
        MyClass myClass = method3(a, b);
        List<SomeObject> list = service.getListB(myClass.getC(), myClass.getD(), myClass.getE());
        method4(list);
}

public MyClass {
    private final int c;
    private final int d;
    private final int e;
    ...
}

public MyClass method3(int a, int b) {
    // body
    return new MyClass(c, d, e)
}

public void method4(List<SomeObject> list) {
    // rest of body
}

答案 1 :(得分:4)

在您的情况下避免代码重复的一种方法可能是引入一个额外的参数,用于决定使用哪个方法来检索列表:

public void method (int a, int b, int method) {
    //body (the same in both of methods)
    List<SomeObject> list = null;
    switch (method) {
        case 1: 
            list = service.getListA(int c, int d);
            break;
        case 2: 
            list = service.getListB(int c, int d, int e);
            break;
    }
    //rest of the body (the same in both of methods)
}

而不是使用int method作为附加参数,我会使用新的enum类型,并在default语句中定义switch个案。

答案 2 :(得分:3)

在ListSource类/接口中封装service.getListA或service.getListB的调用,在具体类中实现每个版本,并将具体实例作为第三个参数传递。这基本上是jlordo提出的答案的面向对象版本。

interface ListSource {
    List<SomeObject> getList(int c, int d, int e);
}

class ListSourceA implements ListSource {
    // constructor etc.
    @Override
    public getList(int c, int d, int e) {
      return service.getListB(c, d);
    }
}

class ListSourceB implements ListSource {
    // constructor etc.
    @Override
    public getList(int c, int d, int e) {
      return service.getListA(c, d, e);
    }
}

public void method (int a, int b, ListSource source) {
    //body (the same in both of methods)
    List<SomeObject> list = source.getList(int c, int d, int e);
    //rest of the body (the same in both of methods)
}

答案 3 :(得分:0)

public void method (int a, int b, List<SomeObject> theList) {
    //body (the same in both of methods)
    List<SomeObject> list = theList;
    //rest of the body (the same in both of methods)
}

这对我来说删除了所有代码重复,意味着每次我们想要对使用不同方法签名派生的列表进行操作时,都不必修改方法。

我相信你可以进一步解决这个问题,如果SomeObject的类型不知道使用泛型,即(我不是java程序员,所以你必须read the docs

public void method (int a, int b, List<T> theList) {
    //body (the same in both of methods)
    List<T> list = theList;
    //rest of the body (the same in both of methods)
}

答案 4 :(得分:0)

你也可以使用枚举:

public void method(int a, int b, Service service) {
    // body
    List<SomeObject> list = service.getList(myClass);
    // rest
}

public enum Service {
    METHOD_1 {
        @Override
        public List<SomeObject> getList(MyClass myClass) {}
    },
    METHOD_2 {
        @Override
        public List<SomeObject> getList(MyClass myClass) {}
    };

    public abstract List<SomeObject> getList(MyClass myClass);
}

public MyClass {
    private final int c;
    private final int d;
    private final int e;
    ...
}

除了不同的形式外,基本上与@proskor相同。

答案 5 :(得分:-1)

如果身体部位彼此依赖,那么你不能像@ dicarlo2那样做:

private interface GetObjects {
    List<SomeObject> get();
}

public void method1(int a, int b) {
    impl(a, b, new GetObjects() { public List<SomeObject> get() {
        return service.getListA(c, d);
    }});
}

public void method2(int a, int b) {
    impl(a, b, new GetObjects() { public List<SomeObject> get() {
        return service.getListB(c, d, e);
    }});
}

private void impl(int a, int b, GetObjects getObjects) {
    //body (the same in both of methods)
    List<SomeObject> list = getObjects.get();
    //rest of the body (the same in both of methods)
}

如果您担心GetObjects,可以使用枚举代替new,但不介意让订单混淆,错过外部this并且不要我想打开它(虽然它可以实现一个公共接口)。

可能是Java SE 8中更好的语法。 IIRC,如下:

public void method1(int a, int b) {
    impl(a, b, { -> service.getListA(c, d) });
}