我想绘制一个如图所示的网格,但我完全不知道我应该从哪里开始。我应该使用 SVG ,还是应该将 Canvas 与 HTML5 一起使用以及如何绘制它。
请指导。我希望这个网格在其上绘制矩形,圆形或其他图表,我将计算该图的面积,如方形区域。
答案 0 :(得分:123)
SVG可以很好地使用模式:
<svg width="100%" height="100%" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<defs>
<pattern id="smallGrid" width="8" height="8" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse">
<path d="M 8 0 L 0 0 0 8" fill="none" stroke="gray" stroke-width="0.5"/>
</pattern>
<pattern id="grid" width="80" height="80" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse">
<rect width="80" height="80" fill="url(#smallGrid)"/>
<path d="M 80 0 L 0 0 0 80" fill="none" stroke="gray" stroke-width="1"/>
</pattern>
</defs>
<rect width="100%" height="100%" fill="url(#grid)" />
</svg>
我将width
和height
设置为100%
,因此您可以定义使用时的实际宽度和高度,用于内联SVG:
<div style="width:400px;height:300px">
<svg width="100%" height="100%" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<defs>
<pattern id="smallGrid" width="8" height="8" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse">
<path d="M 8 0 L 0 0 0 8" fill="none" stroke="gray" stroke-width="0.5"/>
</pattern>
<pattern id="grid" width="80" height="80" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse">
<rect width="80" height="80" fill="url(#smallGrid)"/>
<path d="M 80 0 L 0 0 0 80" fill="none" stroke="gray" stroke-width="1"/>
</pattern>
</defs>
<rect width="100%" height="100%" fill="url(#grid)" />
</svg>
</div>
或<img>
元素:
<img src="https://svgshare.com/i/9Eo.svg" width="700" height="200"/>
结果:
<img src="https://svgshare.com/i/9Eo.svg" width="241" height="401"/>
结果
请注意,对于此特定网格,如果希望网格以粗笔划开始和结束,则必须使用格式n x 80 + 1
(n
为任意整数)的宽度和高度。
答案 1 :(得分:10)
我在这里使用canvas
发布我的代码,但我也在JSFiddle here上创建了一个工作示例。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>StackOverflow test bed</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function drawGrid() {
var cnv = document.getElementById("cnv");
var gridOptions = {
minorLines: {
separation: 5,
color: '#00FF00'
},
majorLines: {
separation: 30,
color: '#FF0000'
}
};
drawGridLines(cnv, gridOptions.minorLines);
drawGridLines(cnv, gridOptions.majorLines);
return;
}
function drawGridLines(cnv, lineOptions) {
var iWidth = cnv.width;
var iHeight = cnv.height;
var ctx = cnv.getContext('2d');
ctx.strokeStyle = lineOptions.color;
ctx.strokeWidth = 1;
ctx.beginPath();
var iCount = null;
var i = null;
var x = null;
var y = null;
iCount = Math.floor(iWidth / lineOptions.separation);
for (i = 1; i <= iCount; i++) {
x = (i * lineOptions.separation);
ctx.moveTo(x, 0);
ctx.lineTo(x, iHeight);
ctx.stroke();
}
iCount = Math.floor(iHeight / lineOptions.separation);
for (i = 1; i <= iCount; i++) {
y = (i * lineOptions.separation);
ctx.moveTo(0, y);
ctx.lineTo(iWidth, y);
ctx.stroke();
}
ctx.closePath();
return;
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="drawGrid()">
<canvas id="cnv" width="500" height="500"></canvas>
</body>
</html>
使用canvas
方法,您可以通过更改separation
参数使网格大小动态化。
但是,如果您的网格大小将是 static ,我觉得可能您不需要绘制网格。只是为了向用户显示网格,您可以使用CSS重复背景图像,如小提琴here中所示。这对页面性能也有好处。
答案 2 :(得分:5)
为了报道,基于CSS的方法怎么样?
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
html {
height: 100%;
}
body {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
height: 100%;
background-color: #434343;
background-size: 75px 75px;
background-image: linear-gradient(0deg, transparent 24%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 25%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 26%, transparent 27%, transparent 74%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 75%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 76%, transparent 77%, transparent), linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 24%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 25%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 26%, transparent 27%, transparent 74%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 75%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 76%, transparent 77%, transparent);
}
canvas {
width:100%;
height:100%;
position:absolute;
background-color: transparent;
background-size: 15px 15px;
background-image: linear-gradient(0deg, transparent 24%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 25%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 26%, transparent 27%, transparent 74%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 75%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 76%, transparent 77%, transparent), linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 24%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 25%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 26%, transparent 27%, transparent 74%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 75%, rgba(255, 255, 255, .05) 76%, transparent 77%, transparent);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<canvas></canvas>
</body>
</html>
答案 3 :(得分:4)
使用画布很容易,这就是我推荐的。我在移动设备上快速响应,但即使下面的伪代码不完全正确,你也应该明白这个想法:
你会有一个类似的循环:
// "Ctx" is your canvas context
// "Width," "Height," and other vars that start with a capital letter are set according
// to your canvas size or preference
var i;
for (i=0; i < Height; i += GridSize) {
ctx.lineWidth(1.0+((i%10)==0));
ctx.moveTo(0,i);
ctx.lineTo(Width,i);
ctx.stroke();
}
for (i=0; i < Width; i += GridSize) {
ctx.lineWidth(1.0+((i%10)==0));
ctx.moveTo(i,0);
ctx.lineTo(i,Height);
ctx.stroke();
}