我正在尝试写字典理解。
我有一本像这样的词典:
main_dict = {
'A' : {'key1' : 'valueA1', 'key2' : 'valueA2'},
'B' : {'key2' : 'valueB2', 'key3' : 'valueB3'},
'C' : {'key3' : 'valueC3', 'key1' : 'valueC1'}}
我想执行以下逻辑:
d = {}
for k_outer, v_outer in main_dict.items():
for k_inner, v_inner in v_outer.items():
if k_inner in d.keys():
d[k_inner].append([k_outer, v_inner])
else:
d[k_inner] = [[k_outer, v_inner]]
产生以下结果:
{'key3': [['C', 'valueC3'], ['B', 'valueB3']],
'key2': [['A', 'valueA2'], ['B', 'valueB2']],
'key1': [['A', 'valueA1'], ['C', 'valueC1']]}
(我知道我可以使用defaultdict(list)
,但这只是一个例子)
我想用dict-comprehension来执行逻辑,到目前为止我有以下内容:
d = {k : [m, v] for m, x in main_dict.items() for k, v in x.items()}
这不起作用,它只给我以下输出:
{'key3' : ['B', 'valueB3'],
'key2' : ['B', 'valueB2'],
'key1' : ['C', 'valueC1']}
这是为每个inner_key找到的最后一个实例...
我无法正确执行这种嵌套列表理解。我尝试了多种变体,都比上一次差。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
您可以尝试这样的事情:
In [61]: main_dict
Out[61]:
{'A': {'key1': 'valueA1', 'key2': 'valueA2'},
'B': {'key2': 'valueB2', 'key3': 'valueB3'},
'C': {'key1': 'valueC1', 'key3': 'valueC3'}}
In [62]: keys=set(chain(*[x for x in main_dict.values()]))
In [64]: keys
Out[64]: set(['key3', 'key2', 'key1'])
In [63]: {x:[[y,main_dict[y][x]] for y in main_dict if x in main_dict[y]] for x in keys}
Out[63]:
{'key1': [['A', 'valueA1'], ['C', 'valueC1']],
'key2': [['A', 'valueA2'], ['B', 'valueB2']],
'key3': [['C', 'valueC3'], ['B', 'valueB3']]}
使用dict.setdefault
的更具可读性的解决方案:
In [81]: d={}
In [82]: for x in keys:
for y in main_dict:
if x in main_dict[y]:
d.setdefault(x,[]).append([y,main_dict[y][x]])
....:
In [83]: d
Out[83]:
{'key1': [['A', 'valueA1'], ['C', 'valueC1']],
'key2': [['A', 'valueA2'], ['B', 'valueB2']],
'key3': [['C', 'valueC3'], ['B', 'valueB3']]}
答案 1 :(得分:1)
使用三个词典理解来完成这样的任务,第三个词典理解是结合前两个词:
e = {k : [m, v] for m, x in main_dict.items() for k, v in x.items()}
f = {k : [m, v] for m, x in main_dict.items() for k, v in x.items() if [m,v] not in e.values()}
g = {k1 : [m, v] for k1,m in e.items() for k2,v in f.items() if k1==k2}
答案 2 :(得分:0)
一种选择是使用itertools.groupby
from itertools import groupby
from operator import itemgetter
main_dict = {
'A' : {'key1' : 'valueA1', 'key2' : 'valueA2'},
'B' : {'key2' : 'valueB2', 'key3' : 'valueB3'},
'C' : {'key3' : 'valueC3', 'key1' : 'valueC1'}}
## Pull inner key, outer key and value and sort by key (prior to grouping)
x = sorted([(k2, [k1, v2]) for k1, v1 in main_dict.items() for k2, v2, in v1.items()])
## Group by key. This creates an itertools.groupby object that can be iterated
## to get key and value iterables
xx = groupby(x, key=itemgetter(0))
for k, g in xx:
print('{0} : {1}'.format(k, [r[1] for r in list(g)]))
根据您的数据和性能要求,排序可能并不理想,因此值得进行分析。
此外,它不会导致指定的dict,而是groupby对象。这可能是'dict-like'足以满足您的需求;迭代它会产生关键和迭代。
答案 3 :(得分:0)
最后,这就是我使用的:
from collections import defaultdict
d = defaultdict(list)
for m, x in main_dict.items():
for k, v in x.items():
d[k].append((m, v))