对于给定的输入N,所包含的语句执行了多少次?
for i in 1 … N loop
for j in 1 … i loop
for k in 1 … j loop
sum = sum + i ;
end loop;
end loop;
end loop;
任何人都可以找到一个简单的方法或公式来做到这一点。请解释一下。
答案 0 :(得分:12)
C
代码来生成总和:int main(){ int i =0, k =0, j =0, n =0; int N =0; int sum =0; N =10; for (n=1; n <= N; n++){ // unindented code here sum =0; for (i=1; i<=n; i++) for (j=1; j<=i; j++) for (k=1; k<=j; k++) sum++; printf("\n N=%d sum = %d",n, sum); } printf("\n"); }
N=1 to N=10
的结果: $ gcc sum.c
$ ./a.out
N=1 sum = 1
N=2 sum = 4
N=3 sum = 10
N=4 sum = 20
N=5 sum = 35
N=6 sum = 56
N=7 sum = 84
N=8 sum = 120
N=9 sum = 165
N=10 sum = 220
然后,试图用一些图表探索How this works?
:
For N=1
:
i<=N, (i=1) | j<=i, (j=1) | k<=j, (K=1) | sum=0. sum++ ---> sum = 1
即(1)= 1
For N=2
:
i<=N, (i=1)-------(i=2) | |-----|-----| j<=i, (j=1) (j=1) (j=2) | | |----|----| k<=j, (K=1) (K=1) (K=1) (K=2) | | | | sum=0, sum++ sum++ sum++ sum++ --> sum = 4
即(1)+(1 + 2)= 4
For N=3
:
i<=N, (i=1)-------(i=2)--------------------(i=3) | |-----|-----| |---------|-------------| j<=i, (j=1) (j=1) (j=2) (j=1) (j=2) (j=3) | | |----|----| | |----|----| |-----|-----| k<=j, (K=1) (K=1) (K=1) (K=2) (K=1) (K=1) (K=2) (K=1) (K=2) (K=3) | | | | | | | | | | sum=0, sum++ sum++ sum++ sum++ sum++ sum++ sum++ sum++ sum++ sum++ --> sum = 10
即(1)+(1 + 2)+(1 + 2 + 3)= 10
N = 1, (1) = 1
N = 2, (1) + (1 + 2) = 4
N = 3, (1) + (1 + 2) + (1 + 2 + 3) = 10
N = 4, (1) + (1 + 2) + (1 + 2 + 3) + (1 + 2 + 3 + 4) = 20
N = 5, (1) + (1 + 2) + (1 + 2 + 3) + (1 + 2 + 3 + 4) + (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5) = 35
最后,我可以理解三个循环中N
的总和是:
(1)+(和0f 1到2)+ ... +(1到(N-2)之和)+(1到(N-1)之和)+(1到N之和)
或者我们可以把它写成:
=&GT; (1)+(1 + 2)+ ... +(1 + 2 + .... + i)+ ... +(1 + 2 + .... + N-1)+(1 + 2 + .... + N)
=&GT; (N * 1)+((N-1)* 2)+((N-2)* 3)+ ... +((N -i + 1)* i)+ ... +(1 * N )
您可以在此处参考简化计算:(I asked HERE )
[您的回答]
= ( ((N) * (N+1) * (N+2)) / 6 )
并且,我认为它是正确的。我检查如下:
N = 1, (1 * 2 * 3)/6 = 1
N = 2, (2 * 3 * 4)/6 = 4
N = 3, (3 * 4 * 5)/6 = 6
N = 4, (4 * 5 * 6)/6 = 10
N = 5, (5 * 6 * 7)/6 = 35
此外,该算法的复杂性为O(n 3 )
编辑:
以下循环也具有相同的计数,即= ( ((N) * (N+1) * (N+2)) / 6 )
for i in 1 … N loop
for j in i … N loop
for k in j … N loop
sum = sum + i ;
end loop;
end loop;
end loop;