我的程序中需要一个临时表。我已经看到这可以通过这种方式使用“mapper”语法来实现:
t = Table(
't', metadata,
Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
# ...
prefixes=['TEMPORARY'],
)
见here
但是,我的整个代码都使用了声明性基础,这是我理解的,我想坚持下去。有可能使用hybrid approach,但如果可能,我会避免使用它。
这是我的声明性类的简化版本:
import SQLAlchemy as alc
class Tempo(Base):
"""
Class for temporary table used to process data coming from xlsx
@param Base Declarative Base
"""
# TODO: make it completely temporary
__tablename__ = 'tempo'
drw = alc.Column(alc.String)
date = alc.Column(alc.Date)
check_number = alc.Column(alc.Integer)
提前致谢!
编辑新问题:
现在这个课程看起来像这样:
import SQLAlchemy as alc
class Tempo(Base):
"""
Class for temporary table used to process data coming from xlsx
@param Base Declarative Base
"""
# TODO: make it completely temporary
__tablename__ = 'tempo'
__table_args__ = {'prefixes': ['TEMPORARY']}
drw = alc.Column(alc.String)
date = alc.Column(alc.Date)
check_number = alc.Column(alc.Integer)
当我尝试在此表中插入数据时,收到以下错误消息:
sqlalchemy.exc.OperationalError: (OperationalError) no such table:
tempo u'INSERT INTO tempo (...) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)' (....)
似乎表只是通过声明而不存在。我已经看到类似create_all()的东西可能是解决方案(在完全解释时看到新想法是多么有趣)
然后再次,非常感谢你!
答案 0 :(得分:5)
是否可以使用__table_args__
?见http://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/latest/orm/extensions/declarative.html#table-configuration
class Tempo(Base):
"""
Class for temporary table used to process data coming from xlsx
@param Base Declarative Base
"""
# TODO: make it completely temporary
__tablename__ = 'tempo'
__table_args__ = {'prefixes': ['TEMPORARY']}
drw = alc.Column(alc.String)
date = alc.Column(alc.Date)
check_number = alc.Column(alc.Integer)
答案 1 :(得分:0)
老问题,但如果有人想从现有的声明表模型动态创建临时表,而不是让它始终成为模型/代码的一部分,您可以尝试以下方法。复制 __table_args__
有点棘手,因为它可以有多种格式,并且任何 Index
对象都需要重新创建,这样它们就不会与旧表相关联。
import time
from sqlalchemy.schema import CreateTable
def copy_table_args(model, **kwargs):
"""Try to copy existing __table_args__, override params with kwargs"""
table_args = model.__table_args__
if isinstance(table_args, tuple):
new_args = []
for arg in table_args:
if isinstance(arg, dict):
table_args_dict = arg.copy()
table_args_dict.update(**kwargs)
new_args.append(arg)
elif isinstance(arg, sa.Index):
index = sa.Index(
arg.name,
*[col for col in arg.columns.keys()],
unique=arg.unique,
**arg.kwargs,
)
new_args.append(index)
else:
# TODO: need to handle Constraints
raise Exception(f"Unhandled table arg: {arg}")
table_args = tuple(new_args)
elif isinstance(table_args, dict):
table_args = {
k: (v.copy() if hasattr(v, "copy") else v) for k, v in table_args.items()
}
table_args.update(**kwargs)
else:
raise Exception(f"Unexpected __table_args__ type: {table_args}")
return table_args
def copy_table_from_model(conn, model, **kwargs):
model_name = model.__name__ + "Tmp"
table_name = model.__table__.name + "_" + str(time.time()).replace(".", "_")
table_args = copy_table_args(model, extend_existing=True)
args = {c.name: c.copy() for c in model.__table__.c}
args["__tablename__"] = table_name
args["__table_args__"] = table_args
copy_model = type(model_name, model.__bases__, args)
print(str(CreateTable(copy_model.__table__)))
copy_model.__table__.create(conn)
return copy_model
def temp_table_from_model(conn, model, **kwargs):
return copy_table_from_model(conn, model, prefixes=["TEMPORARY"])
注意:我没有添加处理复制约束的逻辑,这是针对 MySQL 的轻微测试。另请注意,如果您对非临时表和自动命名索引(即 Column(..., index=True)
)执行此操作,那么这可能不适用于 alembic
。