预订表包含预订开始日期,开始时间和持续时间。 开始时间是工作时间的8:00到18:00工作时间的半小时增量。 持续时间也是一天半小时的增量。
CREATE TABLE reservation (
startdate date not null, -- start date
starthour numeric(4,1) not null , -- start hour 8 8.5 9 9.5 .. 16.5 17 17.5
duration Numeric(3,1) not null, -- duration by hours 0.5 1 1.5 .. 9 9.5 10
primary key (startdate, starthour)
);
如果需要,可以更改表结构。
如何在表中找到第一个免费半小时的未预约? E.q if table contains
startdate starthour duration
14 9 1 -- ends at 9:59
14 10 1.5 -- ends at 11:29, e.q there is 30 minute gap before next
14 12 2
14 16 2.5
结果应为:
starthour duration
11.5 0.5
可能用PostgreSql 9.2窗口函数来查找
第一行的starthour大于上一行starthour + duration
如何编写返回此信息的select语句?
答案 0 :(得分:9)
Postgres 9.2有范围类型,我建议使用它们。
create table reservation (reservation tsrange);
insert into reservation values
('[2012-11-14 09:00:00,2012-11-14 10:00:00)'),
('[2012-11-14 10:00:00,2012-11-14 11:30:00)'),
('[2012-11-14 12:00:00,2012-11-14 14:00:00)'),
('[2012-11-14 16:00:00,2012-11-14 18:30:00)');
ALTER TABLE reservation ADD EXCLUDE USING gist (reservation WITH &&);
“EXCLUDE USING gist”创建不允许插入重叠条目的索引。您可以使用以下查询来查找间隙(vyegorov查询的变体):
with gaps as (
select
upper(reservation) as start,
lead(lower(reservation),1,upper(reservation)) over (ORDER BY reservation) - upper(reservation) as gap
from (
select *
from reservation
union all values
('[2012-11-14 00:00:00, 2012-11-14 08:00:00)'::tsrange),
('[2012-11-14 18:00:00, 2012-11-15 00:00:00)'::tsrange)
) as x
)
select * from gaps where gap > '0'::interval;
'联合所有价值'掩盖非工作时间,因此您只能在上午8点到晚上18点之间进行预订。
结果如下:
start | gap
---------------------+----------
2012-11-14 08:00:00 | 01:00:00
2012-11-14 11:30:00 | 00:30:00
2012-11-14 14:00:00 | 02:00:00
文档链接: - http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.2/static/rangetypes.html“范围类型” - https://wiki.postgresql.org/images/7/73/Range-types-pgopen-2012.pdf
答案 1 :(得分:1)
也许不是最好的查询,但它可以做你想要的:
WITH
times AS (
SELECT startdate sdate,
startdate + (floor(starthour)||'h '||
((starthour-floor(starthour))*60)||'min')::interval shour,
startdate + (floor(starthour)||'h '||
((starthour-floor(starthour))*60)||'min')::interval
+ (floor(duration)||'h '||
((duration-floor(duration))*60)||'min')::interval ehour
FROM reservation),
gaps AS (
SELECT sdate,shour,ehour,lead(shour,1,ehour)
OVER (PARTITION BY sdate ORDER BY shour) - ehour as gap
FROM times)
SELECT * FROM gaps WHERE gap > '0'::interval;
一些注意事项:
numeric
小时转换为time
格式。