如何使用MPI_Type_create_subarray?

时间:2012-11-12 14:05:59

标签: c++ mpi sub-array

很明显,它的论点是:

int MPI_Type_create_subarray(
  int ndims,
  int array_of_sizes[],
  int array_of_subsizes[],
  int array_of_starts[],
  int order,
  MPI_Datatype oldtype,
  MPI_Datatype *newtype
);

但是,我无法理解这个方法如何接收我们想要分割的原始数组以及它返回新子数组的位置(因为此方法应该返回一个整数)。换句话说,我只是想在C ++中看到这个方法的简单实现,我无法在Internet上找到它。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:26)

MPI_Type_create_subarray()既不接受原始数组也不返回子数组;它创建了一个MPI类型,它描述了给定的子数组的内存布局:某个给定类型的更大数组;一组子类;和一个“角落”从哪里开始。

然后,您可以使用这个新创建的MPI类型从任何适当大小的数组中提取您想要的数据,并将其在消息中发送到另一个任务(使用点对点消息传递例程),所有其他任务(通过集体),或将其写入磁盘(使用MPI-IO)。在下面的示例中,排名0使用MPI子阵列类型从更大的整数数组中提取子阵列并将其发送到排名1.排名1,只是将其接收到连续的缓冲区中,不需要像任何特殊的那样接收它类型;它只是以如此多的整数接收数据。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <mpi.h>

void printarr(int **data, int n, char *str);
int **allocarray(int n);

int main(int argc, char **argv) {

    /* array sizes */
    const int bigsize =10;
    const int subsize =5;

    /* communications parameters */
    const int sender  =0;
    const int receiver=1;
    const int ourtag  =2;

    int rank, size;

    MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);
    MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank);
    MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &size);

    if (size < receiver+1) {
        if (rank == 0)
            fprintf(stderr,"%s: Needs at least %d  processors.\n", argv[0], receiver+1);
        MPI_Finalize();
        return 1;
    }

    if (rank == sender) {
        int **bigarray = allocarray(bigsize);
        for (int i=0; i<bigsize; i++)
            for (int j=0; j<bigsize; j++)
                bigarray[i][j] = i*bigsize+j;


        printarr(bigarray, bigsize, " Sender: Big array ");

        MPI_Datatype mysubarray;

        int starts[2] = {5,3};
        int subsizes[2]  = {subsize,subsize};
        int bigsizes[2]  = {bigsize, bigsize};
        MPI_Type_create_subarray(2, bigsizes, subsizes, starts,
                                 MPI_ORDER_C, MPI_INT, &mysubarray);
        MPI_Type_commit(&mysubarray);

        MPI_Send(&(bigarray[0][0]), 1, mysubarray, receiver, ourtag, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
        MPI_Type_free(&mysubarray);

        free(bigarray[0]);
        free(bigarray);

    } else if (rank == receiver) {

        int **subarray = allocarray(subsize);

        for (int i=0; i<subsize; i++)
            for (int j=0; j<subsize; j++)
                subarray[i][j] = 0;

        MPI_Recv(&(subarray[0][0]), subsize*subsize, MPI_INT, sender, ourtag, MPI_COMM_WORLD, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);

        printarr(subarray, subsize, " Receiver: Subarray -- after receive");

        free(subarray[0]);
        free(subarray);
    }

    MPI_Finalize();
    return 0;
}

void printarr(int **data, int n, char *str) {    
    printf("-- %s --\n", str);
    for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
        for (int j=0; j<n; j++) {
            printf("%3d ", data[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
}

int **allocarray(int n) {
    int *data = malloc(n*n*sizeof(int));
    int **arr = malloc(n*sizeof(int *));
    for (int i=0; i<n; i++)
        arr[i] = &(data[i*n]);

    return arr;
}

运行此功能

$ mpicc -o subarray subarray.c  -std=c99 -Wall -g
$ mpirun -np 2 ./subarray
    --  Sender: Big array  --
  0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9 
 10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19 
 20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29 
 30  31  32  33  34  35  36  37  38  39 
 40  41  42  43  44  45  46  47  48  49 
 50  51  52  53  54  55  56  57  58  59 
 60  61  62  63  64  65  66  67  68  69 
 70  71  72  73  74  75  76  77  78  79 
 80  81  82  83  84  85  86  87  88  89 
 90  91  92  93  94  95  96  97  98  99 
--  Receiver: Subarray -- after receive --
 53  54  55  56  57 
 63  64  65  66  67 
 73  74  75  76  77 
 83  84  85  86  87 
 93  94  95  96  97