Question

我确信这对于核心SQL爱好者来说不是一个难题，但我需要一些帮助。这适用于SQL Server 2000（继承的项目！）。

我有一张工资清单表，如下所示：

EmployeeID  |  EffectiveDate  | Salary
1           |   2/1/2011      | 500
1           |   6/1/2011      | 600
1           |   12/1/2011     | 650

我需要创建一个查询，在一年中按月输出这些工资。所以输出就像

EmployeeID  | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sept | Oct | Nov | Dec
1           | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 500 | 600 | 600 | 600 | 600  | 600 | 600 | 650

我知道必须有一种方法可以有效地使用SQL，我似乎无法做到正确。显然，我会用SQL命名上面的月份列，例如 SELECT EmployeeID，'Jan'AS Jan，'Feb'AS Feb等，但由于我正在寻找范围，所以其余的陈述更难。

Answer 1

由于您使用的是SQL Server 2000，因此它没有PIVOT函数，因此您必须使用聚合函数和CASE语句来复制它。与此类似：

select  employeeid,
  sum(case when DatePart(Month, EffectiveDate) = 1 then Salary end) as Jan,
  sum(case when DatePart(Month, EffectiveDate) = 2 then Salary end) as Feb,
  sum(case when DatePart(Month, EffectiveDate) = 3 then Salary end) as Mar,
  sum(case when DatePart(Month, EffectiveDate) = 4 then Salary end) as Apr,
  sum(case when DatePart(Month, EffectiveDate) = 5 then Salary end) as May,
  sum(case when DatePart(Month, EffectiveDate) = 6 then Salary end) as Jun,
  sum(case when DatePart(Month, EffectiveDate) = 7 then Salary end) as Jul,
  sum(case when DatePart(Month, EffectiveDate) = 8 then Salary end) as Aug,
  sum(case when DatePart(Month, EffectiveDate) = 9 then Salary end) as Sep,
  sum(case when DatePart(Month, EffectiveDate) = 10 then Salary end) as Oct,
  sum(case when DatePart(Month, EffectiveDate) = 11 then Salary end) as Nov,
  sum(case when DatePart(Month, EffectiveDate) = 12 then Salary end) as Dec
from  yourtable
group by employeeid

请参阅SQL Fiddle with Demo

编辑，基于您上面的评论，从一个月到下一个月的值，这是一个可能适合您的解决方案。

declare @query as nvarchar(max) = '',
  @rowcount as int = 1,
  @pivotrow as int,
  @currentMonthSalary as int = 0,
  @priorMonthSalary as int = 0,
  @employeeid int 

select distinct effectivedate
into #colspivot
from yourtable

while @rowcount <= 12 -- loop thru each month
  begin

    set @pivotrow = (select top 1 datepart(month, effectivedate)
                        from #colspivot
                        order by datepart(month, effectivedate))

    select @currentMonthSalary = salary, @employeeid = EmployeeID
            from yourtable
            where datepart(month, effectivedate) = @pivotrow

    if @pivotrow = @rowcount
        begin
            insert into FinalData (employeeid, effectivemonth, salary)
            select @employeeid, cast(DateName(month, DateAdd(month, @pivotrow, 0) -1) as varchar(3)), @currentMonthSalary

            set @query = @query + ', sum(case when effectivemonth = ''' +  cast(DateName(month, DateAdd(month, @pivotrow, 0) -1) as varchar(3)) + ''' 
                                        then ' + cast(@currentMonthSalary as varchar(10)) + ' end) as '+ cast(DateName(month, DateAdd(month, @pivotrow, 0) -1) as varchar(3))

            delete from #colsPivot where datepart(month, effectivedate) = @pivotRow

            set @priorMonthSalary = @currentMonthSalary
        end
    else
        begin
            insert into FinalData (employeeid, effectivemonth, salary)
            select @employeeid, cast(DateName(month, DateAdd(month, @rowcount, 0) -1) as varchar(3)), @priorMonthSalary

            set @query = @query + ', sum(case when effectivemonth = ''' + cast(DateName(month, DateAdd(month, @rowcount, 0) -1) as varchar(3)) + '''  
                        then ' +  cast(@priorMonthSalary as varchar(10)) + ' end) as '+cast(DateName(month, DateAdd(month, @rowcount, 0) -1) as varchar(3))
        end

    if @rowcount <= 12
      set @rowcount = @rowcount + 1
  end

set @query = 'select employeeid '+ @query 
              + ' from FinalData group by employeeid;'

exec(@query)

见SQL Fiddle with Demo。我创建了一个新表FinalData来存储每个月的数据，同时我循环创建sql语句。

Answer 2

尝试此查询：

Select  EmployeeID, [Jan],[Feb],[Mar],[Apr],[May],[Jun],[Jul],[Aug],[Sep],[Oct],[Nov],[Dec]
From
(
    Select EmployeeID, CAST(DateName(MONTH,EffectiveDate) as varchar(3)) as Mon, Salary
        From Employees

) as SourceTable

PIVOT
(
    Sum(Salary)
    For Mon in ( [Jan],[Feb],[Mar],[Apr],[May],[Jun],[Jul],[Aug],[Sep],[Oct],[Nov],[Dec] )
) as PivotTable

它与您在输出样本中显示的结果产生完全相同的结果。

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