我有一个History表,它由Insert和Update触发器创建。 “历史记录”行包含“插入/更新”中的行。
我被要求做的是通过时间显示每个用户的更改。所以,下面是我在历史表格中的形式,然后,我创建了一个假的预期结果。
DECLARE @MyTable TABLE
(
id INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(1,1),
userId INT NOT NULL,
locationId INT NOT NULL,
roleId INT NOT NULL,
lastUpdateUserId INT NOT NULL,
lastUpdateDate DATETIME NOT NULL
)
INSERT INTO @MyTable
(userId, locationId, roleId, lastUpdateUserId, lastUpdateDate)
SELECT 1, 1000, 1, 7, GETDATE()+1 UNION
SELECT 2, 1100, 5, 9, GETDATE()+2 UNION
SELECT 2, 1110, 5, 6, GETDATE()+3 UNION
SELECT 1, 1100, 3, 6, GETDATE()+4 UNION
SELECT 4, 1500, 5, 8, GETDATE()+5 UNION
SELECT 7, 1000, 8, 9, GETDATE()+6 UNION
SELECT 7, 1100, 9, 9, GETDATE()+7 UNION
SELECT 1, 1000, 3, 7, GETDATE()+8 UNION
SELECT 9, 1100, 5, 2, GETDATE()+9 UNION
SELECT 9, 1100, 6, 5, GETDATE()+10
SELECT * FROM @MyTable ORDER BY Id
DECLARE @ExpectedResult TABLE
(
ChangeType CHAR(1), -- I=Insert, U=Update
UserId INT,
ChangeDate DATETIME,
ChangedByUser INT,
FieldName VARCHAR(20),
OldValue INT,
NewValue INT
)
INSERT INTO @ExpectedResult
(ChangeType, UserId, ChangeDate, ChangedByUser, FieldName, OldValue, NewValue)
SELECT 'I', 1, '2015-APR-30 09:56:28', 7, 'locationId', NULL, 1000 UNION -- Row1
SELECT 'I', 1, '2015-APR-30 09:56:28', 7, 'roleId', NULL, 1 UNION -- Row1
SELECT 'U', 1, '2015-APR-07 10:27:42', 7, 'roleId', 1, 3 UNION -- Row 2
SELECT 'U', 1, '2015-MAY-03 10:27:42', 6, 'locationId', 1000, 1100 UNION -- Row 3
SELECT 'I', 2, '2015-MAY-01 10:27:42', 9, 'roleId', NULL, 5 UNION -- Row5
SELECT 'I', 2, '2015-MAY-01 10:27:42', 9, 'locationId', NULL, 1100 -- Row5
SELECT * FROM @ExpectedResult
@MyTable目前拥有数据。我试图将其转换为@ExpectedResults。我们会报告对roleId和locationId的更改。在每次更改时,每列需要有一个单独的行。因此,在插入时,我们有两行(因为我们监视两个字段的更改)。更新一列时,需要将其表示为一列“U'线。如果两个字段都在同一个UPDATE语句中更新,那么这将导致@Expected中的两个更新行。
我从一个Cursor开始,但希望有一种更有效的方法来实现这一目标。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
要在单独的行上获取roleID和locationID,您可以使用简单的UNION ALL。
要结合旧值和新值,请使用ROW_NUMBER()窗口函数,如下所示:
;with t as(
select *,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER(partition by userid Order BY lastUpdateDate) rn
from @MyTable
),
a as (
select userId, 'locationId' as fieldname,
locationId as value, lastUpdateUserId, lastUpdateDate, rn
from t
UNION ALL
select userId, 'roleId' as fieldname,
roleId as value, lastUpdateUserId, lastUpdateDate, rn
from t
)
select CASE WHEN a2.userId IS NULL THEN 'I' ELSE 'U' END as ChangeType,
a1.userId, a1.lastUpdateDate, a1.lastUpdateUserId, a1.fieldname, a1.value as newValue, a2.value as oldvalue
FROM a a1 LEFT JOIN a a2
ON a1.userId = a2.userId and a1.fieldname = a2.fieldname
AND a1.rn = a2.rn+1
order by 2,3,5
上面查询中的a1
别名包含"新值",a2
包含"旧值"。当您使用真实数据时,您还需要按字段名称(可能还有表名称)进行分区,并通过它们加入
结果:
ChangeType userId lastUpdateDate lastUpdateUserId fieldname newValue oldvalue
---------- ----------- ----------------------- ---------------- ---------- ----------- -----------
I 1 2015-04-30 12:20:59.183 7 locationId 1000 NULL
I 1 2015-04-30 12:20:59.183 7 roleId 1 NULL
U 1 2015-05-03 12:20:59.183 6 locationId 1100 1000
U 1 2015-05-03 12:20:59.183 6 roleId 3 1
U 1 2015-05-07 12:20:59.183 7 locationId 1000 1100
U 1 2015-05-07 12:20:59.183 7 roleId 3 3
I 2 2015-05-01 12:20:59.183 9 locationId 1100 NULL
I 2 2015-05-01 12:20:59.183 9 roleId 5 NULL
U 2 2015-05-02 12:20:59.183 6 locationId 1110 1100
U 2 2015-05-02 12:20:59.183 6 roleId 5 5
I 4 2015-05-04 12:20:59.183 8 locationId 1500 NULL
I 4 2015-05-04 12:20:59.183 8 roleId 5 NULL
I 7 2015-05-05 12:20:59.183 9 locationId 1000 NULL
I 7 2015-05-05 12:20:59.183 9 roleId 8 NULL
U 7 2015-05-06 12:20:59.183 9 locationId 1100 1000
U 7 2015-05-06 12:20:59.183 9 roleId 9 8
I 9 2015-05-08 12:20:59.183 2 locationId 1100 NULL
I 9 2015-05-08 12:20:59.183 2 roleId 5 NULL
U 9 2015-05-09 12:20:59.183 5 locationId 1100 1100
U 9 2015-05-09 12:20:59.183 5 roleId 6 5
(20 row(s) affected)