Question

我似乎严重缺乏对OpenMP在并行区域内使用关键字的理解。我的问题很简单：为什么下面的代码用valgrind drd制作警告？

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>

void A(int* a)
{
   printf("a++\n");
   (*a)++;
}

void B(int* a)
{
   printf("a--\n");
   (*a)--;
}

void f(int* a)
{
#pragma omp critical
   A(a);

   sleep(1); /* work done here */

#pragma omp critical
   B(a);
}

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
   int i;
   int a = 0;

#pragma omp parallel for
   for(i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
   {
      f(&a);
   }

   return 0;
}

用以下代码编译：

gcc -fopenmp -g -o omptest omptest.c

valgrind电话是

valgrind --tool=drd  --check-stack-var=yes ./omptest

我的理解是关键部分应该保护我完全不受影响警告我得到了。我现在花了两天时间试图找出错误，但事实并非如此找到它。如果有人能给我一个确切的提示，那将是非常好的我不明白。

感谢任何帮助。

修改我的2 CPU机器上的（重复）警告是：

Thread 2:
Conflicting load by thread 2 at 0x7fefffecc size 4
   at 0x4007DE: A (omptest.c:7)
   by 0x40082E: f (omptest.c:19)
   by 0x400902: main._omp_fn.0 (omptest.c:35)
   by 0x4E45EE9: ??? (in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgomp.so.1.0.0)
   by 0x4C2D9E1: ??? (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_drd-amd64-linux.so)
   by 0x5053E99: start_thread (pthread_create.c:308)
   by 0x535B39C: clone (clone.S:112)
Allocation context: unknown.
Other segment start (thread 1)
   at 0x4C2DF29: pthread_create@* (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_drd-amd64-linux.so)
   by 0x4E4631B: ??? (in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgomp.so.1.0.0)
   by 0x400889: main (omptest.c:32)
Other segment end (thread 1)
   at 0x5326F1D: ??? (syscall-template.S:82)
   by 0x5326DBB: sleep (sleep.c:138)
   by 0x40083D: f (omptest.c:21)
   by 0x400902: main._omp_fn.0 (omptest.c:35)
   by 0x400895: main (omptest.c:32)

Conflicting store by thread 2 at 0x7fefffecc size 4
   at 0x4007E7: A (omptest.c:7)
   by 0x40082E: f (omptest.c:19)
   by 0x400902: main._omp_fn.0 (omptest.c:35)
   by 0x4E45EE9: ??? (in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgomp.so.1.0.0)
   by 0x4C2D9E1: ??? (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_drd-amd64-linux.so)
   by 0x5053E99: start_thread (pthread_create.c:308)
   by 0x535B39C: clone (clone.S:112)
Allocation context: unknown.
Other segment start (thread 1)
   at 0x4C2DF29: pthread_create@* (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_drd-amd64-linux.so)
   by 0x4E4631B: ??? (in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgomp.so.1.0.0)
   by 0x400889: main (omptest.c:32)
Other segment end (thread 1)
   at 0x5326F1D: ??? (syscall-template.S:82)
   by 0x5326DBB: sleep (sleep.c:138)
   by 0x40083D: f (omptest.c:21)
   by 0x400902: main._omp_fn.0 (omptest.c:35)
   by 0x400895: main (omptest.c:32)

Thread 1:
Conflicting load by thread 1 at 0x7fefffecc size 4
   at 0x400805: B (omptest.c:13)
   by 0x40084E: f (omptest.c:24)
   by 0x400902: main._omp_fn.0 (omptest.c:35)
   by 0x400895: main (omptest.c:32)
Allocation context: unknown.
Other segment start (thread 2)
   at 0x535B361: clone (clone.S:84)
Other segment end (thread 2)
   at 0x5326F1D: ??? (syscall-template.S:82)
   by 0x5326DBB: sleep (sleep.c:138)
   by 0x40083D: f (omptest.c:21)
   by 0x400902: main._omp_fn.0 (omptest.c:35)
   by 0x4E45EE9: ??? (in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgomp.so.1.0.0)
   by 0x4C2D9E1: ??? (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_drd-amd64-linux.so)
   by 0x5053E99: start_thread (pthread_create.c:308)
   by 0x535B39C: clone (clone.S:112)

Conflicting store by thread 1 at 0x7fefffecc size 4
   at 0x40080E: B (omptest.c:13)
   by 0x40084E: f (omptest.c:24)
   by 0x400902: main._omp_fn.0 (omptest.c:35)
   by 0x400895: main (omptest.c:32)
Allocation context: unknown.
Other segment start (thread 2)
   at 0x535B361: clone (clone.S:84)
Other segment end (thread 2)
   at 0x5326F1D: ??? (syscall-template.S:82)
   by 0x5326DBB: sleep (sleep.c:138)
   by 0x40083D: f (omptest.c:21)
   by 0x400902: main._omp_fn.0 (omptest.c:35)
   by 0x4E45EE9: ??? (in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgomp.so.1.0.0)
   by 0x4C2D9E1: ??? (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_drd-amd64-linux.so)
   by 0x5053E99: start_thread (pthread_create.c:308)
   by 0x535B39C: clone (clone.S:112)

我理解第7行和第13行的数据竞争警告是（* a） - 和（* a）++调用。

Answer 1

我刚刚阅读了drd的documentation，特别是第8.2.8节：

DRD支持GCC生成的OpenMP共享内存程序。 GCC 从版本4.2.0开始支持OpenMP。 GCC对OpenMP的运行时支持程序由名为libgomp的库提供。同步在这个库中实现的原语使用Linux的futex系统调用直接，除非库配置了 --disable-linux-futex选项。 DRD仅支持已使用此选项配置的libgomp库以及符号信息存在。对于大多数Linux发行版而言，这意味着您将拥有重新编译GCC。另请参见脚本在Valgrind源代码树中使用drd / scripts / download-and-build-gcc 如何编译GCC的示例。你还必须确保这一点在OpenMP程序中加载新编译的libgomp.so库开始了。

如果您没有重新编译libgomp，这可能是您遇到的奇怪行为的可能解释。

关键部分中的函数在OpenMP中生成数据争用

1 个答案: