我有一个基类Person
和派生类Manager
和Employee
。现在,我想知道的是创建的对象是Manager
还是Employee
。
该人的具体如下:
from Project.CMFCore.utils import getToolByName
schema = getattr(Person, 'schema', Schema(())).copy() + Schema((TextField('FirstName', required = True, widget = StringWidget(label='First Name', i18n_domain='project')), TextField('Last Name', required = True, widget = StringWidget(label='Last Name', i18n_domain='i5', label_msgid='label_pub_city'))
class Manager(BaseContent):
def get_name(self):
catalog = getToolByName(self, "portal_catalog")
people = catalog(portal_type='Person')
person={}
for object in people:
fname = object.firstName
lname = object.lastName
person['name'] = fname+' '+ lname
# if the derived class is Employee then i would like go to the method title of employee and if its a Manager then go to the title method of Manager
person['post'] = Employee/Manager.title()
return person
对于经理和员工而言,他们就像(员工也很相似,但有些不同的方法)
from Project.Person import Person
class Manager(Person):
def title(self):
return "Manager"
对于员工,标题是“员工”。当我创建Person
时,它是Manager
或Employee
。当我获得person对象时,该类是Person,但我想知道它是来自派生类'Manager'还是'Employee'。
答案 0 :(得分:34)
我不知道这是不是你想要的,以及你希望它实现的方式,但这是一个尝试:
>>> class Person(object):
def _type(self):
return self.__class__.__name__
>>> p = Person()
>>> p._type()
'Person'
>>> class Manager(Person):
pass
>>> m = Manager()
>>> m._type()
'Manager'
>>>
优点:只有_type
方法的一个定义。
答案 1 :(得分:8)
Python对象提供__class__
属性,该属性存储用于制作该对象的类型。这反过来提供了一个__name__
属性,可用于将类型的名称作为字符串获取。所以,在简单的情况下:
class A(object):
pass
class B(A):
pass
b = B()
print b.__class__.__name__
会给:
'B'
所以,如果我正确地按照你的问题你会这样做:
m = Manager()
print m.__class__.__name__
'Manager'
答案 2 :(得分:6)
我不完全确定我理解您的要求,但您可以使用x.__class__.__name__
将类名称检索为字符串,例如
class Person:
pass
class Manager(Person):
pass
class Employee(Person):
pass
def get_class_name(instance):
return instance.__class__.__name__
>>> m = Manager()
>>> print get_class_name(m)
Manager
>>> print get_class_name(Employee())
Employee
或者,您可以使用isinstance检查不同类型:
>>> print isinstance(m, Person)
True
>>> print isinstance(m, Manager)
True
>>> print isinstance(m, Employee)
False
所以你可以这样做:
def handle_person(person):
if isinstance(person, Manager):
person.read_paper() # method of Manager class only
elif isinstance(person, Employee):
person.work_hard() # method of Employee class only
elif isinstance(person, Person):
person.blah() # method of the base class
else:
print "Not a person"
答案 3 :(得分:6)
你会找这样的东西吗?
>>> class Employee:
... pass
...
>>> class Manager(Employee):
... pass
...
>>> e = Employee()
>>> m = Manager()
>>> print e.__class__.__name__
Employee
>>> print m.__class__.__name__
Manager
>>> e.__class__.__name__ == 'Manager'
False
>>> e.__class__.__name__ == 'Employee'
True
答案 4 :(得分:4)
“做到这一点”的最好方法是不要这样做。相反,在Person上创建在Manager或Employee上重写的方法,或者为子类提供扩展基类的自己的方法。
class Person(object):
def doYourStuff(self):
print "I'm just a person, I don't have anything to do"
class Manager(object):
def doYourStuff(self):
print "I hereby manage you"
class Employee(object):
def doYourStuff(self):
print "I work long hours"
如果您发现自己需要在基类中知道正在实例化哪个子类,那么您的程序可能存在设计错误。如果其他人后来扩展Person以添加一个名为Contractor的新子类,你会怎么做?当子类不是它所知道的任何硬编码替代品时,Person会做什么?
答案 5 :(得分:0)
在您的示例中,您不需要知道该类,只需通过引用类实例来调用该方法:
# if the derived class is Employee then i would like go to the method title
# of employee and if its a Manager then go to the title method of Manager
person['post'] = object.title()
但是不要使用object
作为变量名,隐藏内置名称。