Question

我是JavaScript的新手，希望对代码段进行一些建设性的批评。此示例使用用户输入的值搜索关联数组。有没有更好的方法来解决这个问题;什么是更优雅的解决方案，同时仍然使用关联数组？感谢。

var myObject = [
    {id: 1, word: 'ant', definition: 'an insect with eight legs.'}, 
    {id: 2, word: 'cake', definition: 'a food made with flour and sugar.'},
    {id: 3, word: 'house', definition: 'a building where a family lives.'},
];

function search(arg){
    var count = 0;
    for (var i = 0; i <= myObject.length; i++) {
        if (myObject[i].word == arg) {
            document.write(myObject[i].id + " - " + myObject[i].word + " - " + 
                               myObject[i].definition + "<br>"); 
            count += 1;
        }
        else {
            if (count != 1 &&
                    myObject[i].word != arg &&
                    i == myObject.length - 1) {

                document.write("NOT FOUND!");
            }
        }
    }
}

var arg = prompt("Search For An Entry");
if (arg != null && arg.length != 0) {
    search(arg);
}

Answer 1

看起来很不错。我唯一可以建议（并且它是非常小的改进）是在循环之前缓存关联数组的长度，如下所示：

for (var i = 0, len = myObject.length; i < len; i++) {

您还可以移动最后一个if语句，以检查是否在for循环之外找不到搜索参数，如下所示：

for (var i = 0, len = myObject.length; i < len; i++) {
    if (myObject[i].word == arg) {
        document.write(myObject[i].id + " - " + myObject[i].word + " - " + myObject[i].definition + "<br>");
        count += 1;
    }

    if(i == len-1 && count > 0) return;
}

document.write("NOT FOUND!");

如果在结束for循环之前找到任何搜索参数，则此代码退出搜索功能。这意味着，如果搜索结果为“未找到”，则for循环之外的任何代码都会运行。

Answer 2

尝试这种方式：

var myObject = {'ant': {id: 1, word: 'ant', definition: 'an insect with eight legs.'}, 
        'cake' : {id: 2, word: 'cake', definition: 'a food made with flour and sugar.'},
        'house' : {id: 3, word: 'house', definition: 'a building where a family lives.'},
        };

function search(arg){
    var count = 0;
    if (myObject[arg] != undefined)
    {
        document.write(myObject[arg].id + " - " + arg + " - " + myObject[arg].definition + "<br>");
    }
    else
    {
        document.write("NOT FOUND!");
    }
}

这仅适用于每个单词有一个定义的情况。如果你想拥有更多，并且仍然能够召唤关联数组的力量，你可以将字典变量更改为：

var myObject = {'ant': [{id: 1, word: 'ant', definition: 'an insect with eight legs.'}, {id: 666, word: 'ant', definition: 'progeny of the devil'}], 
        'cake' : [{id: 2, word: 'cake', definition: 'a food made with flour and sugar.'}],
        'house' : [{id: 3, word: 'house', definition: 'a building where a family lives.'}],
        };

当然会相应地更改代码

Answer 3

以下是我的看法：

var i, found = 0;

for (i = 0; i < myArray.length; i++) {
    if(myArray[i].word === arg) {
        document.write(myArray[i].id + " - " + myArray[i].word + " - " + myArray[i].definition + "<br>");
        found++;
    }
}

if(found === 0) {
    document.write("None found!");
}

或者不是最终的if，您可以随时写下找到的项目数：

document.write(found.toString() + " items found");

在JavaScript中搜索关联数组有一种优雅的方法吗？

3 个答案: