我正在尝试创建一个返回集合中所有子集的方法。
例如,如果我有集合10,20,30
,我想得到以下输出
return new List<List<int>>()
{
new List<int>(){10},
new List<int>(){20},
new List<int>(){30},
new List<int>(){10,20},
new List<int>(){10,30},
new List<int>(){20,30},
//new List<int>(){20,10}, that substet already exists
// new List<int>(){30,20}, that subset already exists
new List<int>(){10,20,30}
};
因为集合也可以是字符串的集合,例如我想创建一个泛型方法。这就是我制定的based on this solution。
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Foo<int>(new int[] { 10, 20, 30});
}
static List<List<T>> Foo<T>(T[] set)
{
// Init list
List<List<T>> subsets = new List<List<T>>();
// Loop over individual elements
for (int i = 1; i < set.Length; i++)
{
subsets.Add(new List<T>(){set[i - 1]});
List<List<T>> newSubsets = new List<List<T>>();
// Loop over existing subsets
for (int j = 0; j < subsets.Count; j++)
{
var tempList = new List<T>();
tempList.Add(subsets[j][0]);
tempList.Add(subsets[i][0]);
var newSubset = tempList;
newSubsets.Add(newSubset);
}
subsets.AddRange(newSubsets);
}
// Add in the last element
//subsets.Add(set[set.Length - 1]);
//subsets.Sort();
//Console.WriteLine(string.Join(Environment.NewLine, subsets));
return null;
}
修改
抱歉这是错的我仍然有重复...
static List<List<T>> GetSubsets<T>(IEnumerable<T> Set)
{
var set = Set.ToList<T>();
// Init list
List<List<T>> subsets = new List<List<T>>();
subsets.Add(new List<T>()); // add the empty set
// Loop over individual elements
for (int i = 1; i < set.Count; i++)
{
subsets.Add(new List<T>(){set[i - 1]});
List<List<T>> newSubsets = new List<List<T>>();
// Loop over existing subsets
for (int j = 0; j < subsets.Count; j++)
{
var newSubset = new List<T>();
foreach(var temp in subsets[j])
newSubset.Add(temp);
newSubset.Add(set[i]);
newSubsets.Add(newSubset);
}
subsets.AddRange(newSubsets);
}
// Add in the last element
subsets.Add(new List<T>(){set[set.Count - 1]});
//subsets.Sort();
return subsets;
}
然后我可以将该方法称为:
答案 0 :(得分:4)
这是一个基本的算法,我使用下面的技术制作单个玩家拼字游戏的单词解算器(报纸)。
让你的集合有n
个元素。递增从0到2^n
的整数。对于每个生成器编号位掩码,整数的每个位置。如果整数的i
位置为1
,则选择集合的i
元素。对于从0
到2^n
的每个生成的整数,执行上述定位和选择将获得所有子集。
答案 1 :(得分:3)
以下是Marvin Mendes在this answer中提供的代码的改编,但是使用迭代器块重构为单个方法。
public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> Subsets<T>(IEnumerable<T> source)
{
List<T> list = source.ToList();
int length = list.Count;
int max = (int)Math.Pow(2, list.Count);
for (int count = 0; count < max; count++)
{
List<T> subset = new List<T>();
uint rs = 0;
while (rs < length)
{
if ((count & (1u << (int)rs)) > 0)
{
subset.Add(list[(int)rs]);
}
rs++;
}
yield return subset;
}
}
答案 2 :(得分:1)
我知道这个问题有点陈旧,但我一直在寻找答案而且在这里找不到任何好处,所以我想分享这个在本博客中找到的改编方案:http://praseedp.blogspot.com.br/2010/02/subset-generation-in-c.html
我只将类转换为泛型类:
public class SubSet<T>
{
private IList<T> _list;
private int _length;
private int _max;
private int _count;
public SubSet(IList<T> list)
{
if (list== null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("lista");
_list = list;
_length = _list.Count;
_count = 0;
_max = (int)Math.Pow(2, _length);
}
public IList<T> Next()
{
if (_count == _max)
{
return null;
}
uint rs = 0;
IList<T> l = new List<T>();
while (rs < _length)
{
if ((_count & (1u << (int)rs)) > 0)
{
l.Add(_list[(int)rs]);
}
rs++;
}
_count++;
return l;
}
}
要使用此代码,您可以执行以下操作:
List<string> lst = new List<string>();
lst.AddRange(new string[] {"A", "B", "C" });
SubSet<string> subs = new SubSet<string>(lst);
IList<string> l = subs.Next();
while (l != null)
{
DoSomething(l);
l = subs.Next();
}
请记住:此代码仍为O(2 ^ n),如果您在列表中传递20个元素,则会得到2 ^ 20 = 1048576个子集!
修改强>: 作为Servy sugest,我添加了一个带有interator块的实现,可以与Linq一起使用foreach,新类是这样的:
private class SubSet<T> : IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>>
{
private IList<T> _list;
private int _length;
private int _max;
private int _count;
public SubSet(IEnumerable<T> list)
{
if (list == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("list");
_list = new List<T>(list);
_length = _list.Count;
_count = 0;
_max = (int)Math.Pow(2, _length);
}
public int Count
{
get { return _max; }
}
private IList<T> Next()
{
if (_count == _max)
{
return null;
}
uint rs = 0;
IList<T> l = new List<T>();
while (rs < _length)
{
if ((_count & (1u << (int)rs)) > 0)
{
l.Add(_list[(int)rs]);
}
rs++;
}
_count++;
return l;
}
public IEnumerator<IEnumerable<T>> GetEnumerator()
{
IList<T> subset;
while ((subset = Next()) != null)
{
yield return subset;
}
}
System.Collections.IEnumerator System.Collections.IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
{
return GetEnumerator();
}
}
你现在可以像这样使用它:
List<string> lst = new List<string>();
lst.AddRange(new string[] {"A", "B", "C" });
SubSet<string> subs = new SubSet<string>(lst);
foreach(IList<string> l in subs)
{
DoSomething(l);
}
感谢Servy的建议。
答案 3 :(得分:0)
您不想返回一组列表,您想要使用java的set类型。通过只保留每种类型的一个唯一元素,Set已经完成了您正在寻找的部分内容。所以你不能两次添加20次。它是一种无序类型,所以你可能会做的是编写一个组合函数,它创建了一堆集合,然后返回一个包含那些集合的列表。
答案 4 :(得分:0)
获取特定子强度集合的所有子集:
public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> GetPermutations<T>(IEnumerable<T> list, int length) where T : IComparable
{
if (length == 1) return list.Select(t => new T[] { t });
return GetPermutations(list, length - 1).SelectMany(t => list.Where(e => t.All(g => g.CompareTo(e) != 0)), (t1, t2) => t1.Concat(new T[] { t2 }));
}
public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> GetOrderedSubSets<T>(IEnumerable<T> list, int length) where T : IComparable
{
if (length == 1) return list.Select(t => new T[] { t });
return GetOrderedSubSets(list, length - 1).SelectMany(t => list.Where(e => t.All(g => g.CompareTo(e) == -1)), (t1, t2) => t1.Concat(new T[] { t2 }));
}
Testcode:
List<int> set = new List<int> { 1, 2, 3 };
foreach (var x in GetPermutations(set, 3))
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", x));
}
Console.WriteLine();
foreach (var x in GetPermutations(set, 2))
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", x));
}
Console.WriteLine();
foreach (var x in GetOrderedSubSets(set, 2))
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", x));
}
测试结果:
1, 2, 3
1, 3, 2
2, 1, 3
2, 3, 1
3, 1, 2
3, 2, 1
1, 2
1, 3
2, 1
2, 3
3, 1
3, 2
1, 2
1, 3
2, 3
答案 5 :(得分:0)
它不会产生重复的值;
不要在子集的开头添加int数组的值
正确的程序如下:
class Program
{
static HashSet<List<int>> SubsetMaker(int[] a, int sum)
{
var set = a.ToList<int>();
HashSet<List<int>> subsets = new HashSet<List<int>>();
subsets.Add(new List<int>());
for (int i =0;i<set.Count;i++)
{
//subsets.Add(new List<int>() { set[i]});
HashSet<List<int>> newSubsets = new HashSet<List<int>>();
for (int j = 0; j < subsets.Count; j++)
{
var newSubset = new List<int>();
foreach (var temp in subsets.ElementAt(j))
{
newSubset.Add(temp);
}
newSubset.Add(set[i]);
newSubsets.Add(newSubset);
}
Console.WriteLine("New Subset");
foreach (var t in newSubsets)
{
var temp = string.Join<int>(",", t);
temp = "{" + temp + "}";
Console.WriteLine(temp);
}
Console.ReadLine();
subsets.UnionWith(newSubsets);
}
//subsets.Add(new List<int>() { set[set.Count - 1] });
//subsets=subsets.;
return subsets;
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] b = new int[] { 1,2,3 };
int suma = 6;
var test = SubsetMaker(b, suma);
Console.WriteLine("Printing final set...");
foreach (var t in test)
{
var temp = string.Join<int>(",", t);
temp = "{" + temp + "}";
Console.WriteLine(temp);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
答案 6 :(得分:0)
基于递归的简单算法:
private static List<List<int>> GetPowerList(List<int> a)
{
int n = a.Count;
var sublists = new List<List<int>>() { new List<int>() };
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
for (int j = i; j < n; j++)
{
var first = a[i];
var last = a[j];
if ((j - i) > 1)
{
sublists.AddRange(GetPowerList(a
.GetRange(i + 1, j - i - 1))
.Select(l => l
.Prepend(first)
.Append(last).ToList()));
}
else sublists.Add(a.GetRange(i,j - i + 1));
}
}
return sublists;
}