Question

我正在创建一个接受JSON请求的REST API。

我正在使用CURL进行测试：

curl -i -POST -H 'Accept: application/json' -d '{"id":1,"pan":11111}' http://localhost:8080/PurchaseAPIServer/api/purchase

但是得到以下错误：

HTTP/1.1 415 Unsupported Media Type
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 1051
Date: Wed, 25 Apr 2012 21:36:14 GMT

The server refused this request because the request entity is in a format not supported by the requested resource for the requested method ().

调试时，它甚至不会进入我在控制器中的创建操作。

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;

import com.app.model.Purchase;
import com.app.service.IPurchaseService;

@Controller
public class PurchaseController {

    @Autowired
    private IPurchaseService purchaseService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "purchase", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public final List<Purchase> getAll() {
        return purchaseService.getAll();
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "purchase", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    @ResponseStatus( HttpStatus.CREATED )
    public void create(@RequestBody final Purchase entity) {
        purchaseService.addPurchase(entity);
    }
}

更新

我将Jackson配置添加到AppConfig.java：

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.app")
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean
    public AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter annotationMethodHandlerAdapter()
    {
        final AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter annotationMethodHandlerAdapter = new AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter();
        final MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter = new MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter();

        HttpMessageConverter<?>[] httpMessageConverter = { mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter };

        String[] supportedHttpMethods = { "POST", "GET", "HEAD" };

        annotationMethodHandlerAdapter.setMessageConverters(httpMessageConverter);
        annotationMethodHandlerAdapter.setSupportedMethods(supportedHttpMethods);

        return annotationMethodHandlerAdapter;
    }
}

我的GET现在正常工作：

curl -i -H "Content-Type:application/json" -H "Accept:application/json" http://localhost:8080/PurchaseAPIServer/api/purchase

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Date: Thu, 26 Apr 2012 21:19:55 GMT

[{"id":1,"pan":111}]

但是在尝试POST时我得到以下信息：

curl -i -X POST -H "Content-Type:application/json" -H "Accept:application/json" http://localhost:8080/PurchaseAPIServer/api/purchaseMe -d "{"id":2,"pan":122}"

HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 971
Date: Thu, 26 Apr 2012 21:29:56 GMT
Connection: close

The request sent by the client was syntactically incorrect ().

我的模特：

@Entity
@XmlRootElement
public class Purchase implements Serializable {

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6603477834338392140L;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;

    private Long pan;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Long getPan() {
        return pan;
    }

    public void setPan(Long pan) {
        this.pan = pan;
    }

}

我出错的任何想法？

由于

Answer 1

正如sdouglass建议的那样，Spring MVC会自动检测Jackson并设置MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter来处理与JSON之间的转换。但我确实需要明确配置转换器以使其工作，正如他也指出的那样。

我添加了以下内容，我的CURL GET请求正在运行.Hooray。

AppConfig.java

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.app")
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean
    public AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter annotationMethodHandlerAdapter()
    {
        final AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter annotationMethodHandlerAdapter = new AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter();
        final MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter = new MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter();

        HttpMessageConverter<?>[] httpMessageConverter = { mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter };

        String[] supportedHttpMethods = { "POST", "GET", "HEAD" };

        annotationMethodHandlerAdapter.setMessageConverters(httpMessageConverter);
        annotationMethodHandlerAdapter.setSupportedMethods(supportedHttpMethods);

        return annotationMethodHandlerAdapter;
    }
}

curl -i -H "Content-Type:application/json" -H "Accept:application/json" http://localhost:8080/PurchaseAPIServer/api/purchase

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Date: Thu, 26 Apr 2012 21:19:55 GMT

[{"id":1,"pan":111}]

但是以下的CURL POST仍然无法正常工作（从未点击控制器操作并且没有提供控制台调试信息。

curl -i -X POST -H "Content-Type:application/json"  http://localhost:8080/PurchaseAPIServer/api/purchaseMe -d "{"id":2,"pan":122}"

HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Content-Type: text/html;charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 971
Date: Thu, 26 Apr 2012 21:29:56 GMT
Connection: close

The request sent by the client was syntactically incorrect ().

所以我添加了Logback来开始一些详细的调试。

<configuration>

    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
            </pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender name="FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.FileAppender">
        <file>/home/thomas/springApps/purchaseapi.log</file>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%date %level [%thread] %logger{10} [%file:%line] %msg%n
            </pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <logger name="org.hibernate" level="DEBUG" />

    <logger name="org.springframework" level="TRACE" />
    <logger name="org.springframework.transaction" level="INFO" />
    <logger name="org.springframework.security" level="INFO" /> <!-- to debug security related issues (DEBUG) -->
    <logger name="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc" level="TRACE" /> <!-- some serialization issues are at trace level here: org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod -->

    <!-- our service -->
    <logger name="com.app" level="DEBUG" />
    <!-- <logger name="com.app" level="INFO" /> --><!-- to follow if setup is being executed -->

    <root level="INFO">
        <appender-ref ref="FILE" />
    </root>

</configuration>

将TRACE级别调试添加到 org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc 为我提供了问题的答案。

2012-04-28 14:17:44,579 DEBUG [http-bio-8080-exec-3] o.s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor [AbstractMessageConverterMethodArgumentResolver.java:117] Reading [com.app.model.Purchase] as "application/json" using [org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter@74a14fed]
2012-04-28 14:17:44,604 TRACE [http-bio-8080-exec-3] o.s.w.s.m.m.a.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod [InvocableHandlerMethod.java:159] Error resolving argument [0] [type=com.app.model.Purchase]
HandlerMethod details: 
Controller [com.app.controller.PurchaseController]
Method [public void com.app.controller.PurchaseController.create(com.app.model.Purchase)]

org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException: Could not read JSON: Unexpected character ('p' (code 112)): was expecting double-quote to start field name

我将CURL POST更改为以下内容，这一切都有效：

curl -i -X POST -H "Content-Type:application/json" http://localhost:8080/PurchaseAPIServer/api/purchase -d '{"pan":11111}'
HTTP/1.1 201 Created
Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1
Content-Length: 0
Date: Sat, 28 Apr 2012 13:19:40 GMT

希望有人觉得这很有用。

Answer 2

如果我没记错的话，Spring文档说Spring MVC将自动检测类路径上的Jackson并设置MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter来处理JSON的转换，但我认为我遇到过必须手动/明确配置的情况转换器让事情发挥作用。您可能想尝试将其添加到MVC配置XML：

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
    <property name="messageConverters">
        <list>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
        </list>
    </property>
</bean>

更新：正是这个加上正确格式化发布的JSON，请参阅https://stackoverflow.com/a/10363876/433789

Answer 3

2014年，我想在这个问题上添加一些更新，帮助我解决同样的问题。

在Spring 3.2中替换已弃用的AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter的代码更新

    @Configuration
    public class AppConfig {

    @Bean
    public RequestMappingHandlerAdapter  annotationMethodHandlerAdapter()
    {
        final RequestMappingHandlerAdapter annotationMethodHandlerAdapter = new RequestMappingHandlerAdapter();
        final MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter = new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter();

        List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> httpMessageConverter = new ArrayList<HttpMessageConverter<?>>();
        httpMessageConverter.add(mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter);

        String[] supportedHttpMethods = { "POST", "GET", "HEAD" };

        annotationMethodHandlerAdapter.setMessageConverters(httpMessageConverter);
        annotationMethodHandlerAdapter.setSupportedMethods(supportedHttpMethods);

        return annotationMethodHandlerAdapter;
    }
}

HTTP / 1.1 415不支持的媒体类型错误

在花了很多时间试图弄清楚为什么我仍然得到415错误，即使在添加正确的JSON配置后我终于意识到问题不在于服务器端而是在客户端。为了让Spring接受你的JSON，你必须确保你同时发送＆＃34; Content-Type：application / json＆＃34;和＆＃34;接受：application / json＆＃34;作为http标头的一部分。对我来说特别是它是一个Android应用程序HttpUrlConnection，我必须设置为：

    public static String doPost(final String urlString,final String requestBodyString) throws IOException {
        final URL url = new URL(urlString);

        final HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
        try {
          urlConnection.setReadTimeout(10000 /* milliseconds */);
          urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(15000 /* milliseconds */);
          urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
          urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
          urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
          urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
          urlConnection.setChunkedStreamingMode(0);

          urlConnection.connect();

          final PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(urlConnection.getOutputStream());
          out.print(requestBodyString);
          out.close();

          final InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
          final String response =  readIt(in);

          in.close(); //important to close the stream

          return response;

        } finally {
          urlConnection.disconnect();
        }
    }

Answer 4

尝试添加POST请求中的内容的描述符。也就是说，将标题添加到curl：

Content-Type: application/json

如果您不添加，curl将使用默认text/html，无论您实际发送的是什么。

另外，在PurchaseController.create()中，您必须添加接受的类型为application/json。

Answer 5

我遇到了同样的问题，我的代码中有两处更改解决了这个问题：

在我的方法参数中缺少@PathVariable，我的方法没有任何

我的SpringConfig类中的跟随方法，因为我使用了处理程序拦截器的方法已被弃用，并提出了一些问题：

public RequestMappingHandlerAdapter RequestMappingHandlerAdapter()
{
    final RequestMappingHandlerAdapter requestMappingHandlerAdapter = new RequestMappingHandlerAdapter();
    final MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter = new MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter();
    final String[] supportedHttpMethods = { "POST", "GET", "HEAD" };

    requestMappingHandlerAdapter.getMessageConverters().add(0, mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter);
    requestMappingHandlerAdapter.setSupportedMethods(supportedHttpMethods);

    return requestMappingHandlerAdapter;
}

Answer 6

这是一个类似于yoram givon答案的单元测试解决方案 - https://stackoverflow.com/a/22516235/1019307。

public class JSONFormatTest
{
    MockMvc mockMvc;

    // The controller used doesn't seem to be important though YMMV
    @InjectMocks
    ActivityController controller;  

    @Before
    public void setup()
    {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

        this.mockMvc = standaloneSetup(controller).setMessageConverters(new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter())
                .build();
    }

    @Test
    public void thatSaveNewDataCollectionUsesHttpCreated() throws Exception
    {
        String jsonContent = getHereJSON02();
        this.mockMvc
                .perform(
                     post("/data_collections").content(jsonContent).contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                                .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)).andDo(print()).andExpect(status().isCreated());
    }

    private String getHereJSON01()
    {
        return "{\"dataCollectionId\":0,\"name\":\"Sat_016\",\"type\":\"httpUploadedFiles\"," ...
    }
}

运行单元测试，print()应打印出包含异常的MockHttpServletRequest。

在Eclipse中（不确定如何在其他IDE中执行此操作），单击Exception链接，应打开该异常的属性对话框。勾选“启用”框以打破该异常。

调试单元测试，Eclipse将中断异常。检查它应该揭示问题。在我的情况下，这是因为我的JSON中有两个相同的实体。

Answer 7

我经历过一次，最后通过添加jar文件jackson-mapper-asl.jar解决了这个问题。去检查你是否包含了所有这些依赖项，尽管异常本身并没有告诉你。

而且你真的不需要显式配置bean，也不需要在@RequestMapping语句中加入“consume”。我正在使用Spring 3.1顺便说一句。

contentType：“application / json”是您需要配置的唯一一个。是的，客户方。

Answer 8

尝试在您的应用配置中添加以下代码

<mvc:annotation-driven>
  <mvc:message-converters>
      <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
          <property name="objectMapper" ref="jacksonObjectMapper" />
      </bean>
  </mvc:message-converters>

Answer 9

我有同样的问题，我解决了。

1添加MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter，如该线程中所述（另请参阅第4节http://www.baeldung.com/spring-httpmessageconverter-rest）

2使用正确的命令（带转义符号）：

curl -i -X POST -H "Content-Type:application/json" -d "{\"id\":\"id1\",\"password\":\"password1\"}" http://localhost:8080/user

将JSON发布到REST API

更新

9 个答案: