反转字符串的最佳方法

时间:2008-10-23 00:31:33

标签: c# .net performance algorithm unicode

我只需要在C#2.0中编写一个字符串反转函数(即LINQ不可用),并想出了这个:

public string Reverse(string text)
{
    char[] cArray = text.ToCharArray();
    string reverse = String.Empty;
    for (int i = cArray.Length - 1; i > -1; i--)
    {
        reverse += cArray[i];
    }
    return reverse;
}

就个人而言,我并不是对这个功能感到疯狂,并且我相信有更好的方法可以做到这一点。有吗?

49 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:512)

public static string Reverse( string s )
{
    char[] charArray = s.ToCharArray();
    Array.Reverse( charArray );
    return new string( charArray );
}

答案 1 :(得分:160)

这是一个正确地将字符串"Les Mise\u0301rables"反转为"selbare\u0301siM seL"的解决方案。这应该像selbarésiM seL,而不是selbaŕesiM seL(请注意重音的位置),以及基于代码单元(Array.Reverse等)或甚至代码点的大多数实现的结果(特别注意代理对的转换)。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;

public static class Test
{
    private static IEnumerable<string> GraphemeClusters(this string s) {
        var enumerator = StringInfo.GetTextElementEnumerator(s);
        while(enumerator.MoveNext()) {
            yield return (string)enumerator.Current;
        }
    }
    private static string ReverseGraphemeClusters(this string s) {
        return string.Join("", s.GraphemeClusters().Reverse().ToArray());
    }

    public static void Main()
    {
        var s = "Les Mise\u0301rables";
        var r = s.ReverseGraphemeClusters();
        Console.WriteLine(r);
    }
}

(现场运行示例:https://ideone.com/DqAeMJ

它只是使用.NET API for grapheme cluster iteration,它曾经存在过,但看起来有点“隐藏”了。

答案 2 :(得分:123)

这是一个令人惊讶的棘手问题。

我建议在大多数情况下使用Array.Reverse,因为它是本地编码的,维护和理解非常简单。

在我测试的所有情况下,它似乎都优于StringBuilder。

public string Reverse(string text)
{
   if (text == null) return null;

   // this was posted by petebob as well 
   char[] array = text.ToCharArray();
   Array.Reverse(array);
   return new String(array);
}

对于某些字符串长度uses Xor,第二种方法可以更快。

    public static string ReverseXor(string s)
    {
        if (s == null) return null;
        char[] charArray = s.ToCharArray();
        int len = s.Length - 1;

        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++, len--)
        {
            charArray[i] ^= charArray[len];
            charArray[len] ^= charArray[i];
            charArray[i] ^= charArray[len];
        }

        return new string(charArray);
    }

注意如果要支持完整的Unicode UTF16字符集read this。而是使用那里的实现。它可以通过使用上述算法之一进行进一步优化,并在字符串反转后通过字符串进行清理。

这是StringBuilder,Array.Reverse和Xor方法之间的性能比较。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace ConsoleApplication4
{
    class Program
    {
        delegate string StringDelegate(string s);

        static void Benchmark(string description, StringDelegate d, int times, string text)
        {
            Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
            sw.Start();
            for (int j = 0; j < times; j++)
            {
                d(text);
            }
            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("{0} Ticks {1} : called {2} times.", sw.ElapsedTicks, description, times);
        }

        public static string ReverseXor(string s)
        {
            char[] charArray = s.ToCharArray();
            int len = s.Length - 1;

            for (int i = 0; i < len; i++, len--)
            {
                charArray[i] ^= charArray[len];
                charArray[len] ^= charArray[i];
                charArray[i] ^= charArray[len];
            }

            return new string(charArray);
        }

        public static string ReverseSB(string text)
        {
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(text.Length);
            for (int i = text.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
            {
                builder.Append(text[i]);
            }
            return builder.ToString();
        }

        public static string ReverseArray(string text)
        {
            char[] array = text.ToCharArray();
            Array.Reverse(array);
            return (new string(array));
        }

        public static string StringOfLength(int length)
        {
            Random random = new Random();
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
            {
                sb.Append(Convert.ToChar(Convert.ToInt32(Math.Floor(26 * random.NextDouble() + 65))));
            }
            return sb.ToString();
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            int[] lengths = new int[] {1,10,15,25,50,75,100,1000,100000};

            foreach (int l in lengths)
            {
                int iterations = 10000;
                string text = StringOfLength(l);
                Benchmark(String.Format("String Builder (Length: {0})", l), ReverseSB, iterations, text);
                Benchmark(String.Format("Array.Reverse (Length: {0})", l), ReverseArray, iterations, text);
                Benchmark(String.Format("Xor (Length: {0})", l), ReverseXor, iterations, text);

                Console.WriteLine();    
            }

            Console.Read();
        }
    }
}

结果如下:

26251 Ticks String Builder (Length: 1) : called 10000 times.
33373 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 1) : called 10000 times.
20162 Ticks Xor (Length: 1) : called 10000 times.

51321 Ticks String Builder (Length: 10) : called 10000 times.
37105 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 10) : called 10000 times.
23974 Ticks Xor (Length: 10) : called 10000 times.

66570 Ticks String Builder (Length: 15) : called 10000 times.
26027 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 15) : called 10000 times.
24017 Ticks Xor (Length: 15) : called 10000 times.

101609 Ticks String Builder (Length: 25) : called 10000 times.
28472 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 25) : called 10000 times.
35355 Ticks Xor (Length: 25) : called 10000 times.

161601 Ticks String Builder (Length: 50) : called 10000 times.
35839 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 50) : called 10000 times.
51185 Ticks Xor (Length: 50) : called 10000 times.

230898 Ticks String Builder (Length: 75) : called 10000 times.
40628 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 75) : called 10000 times.
78906 Ticks Xor (Length: 75) : called 10000 times.

312017 Ticks String Builder (Length: 100) : called 10000 times.
52225 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 100) : called 10000 times.
110195 Ticks Xor (Length: 100) : called 10000 times.

2970691 Ticks String Builder (Length: 1000) : called 10000 times.
292094 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 1000) : called 10000 times.
846585 Ticks Xor (Length: 1000) : called 10000 times.

305564115 Ticks String Builder (Length: 100000) : called 10000 times.
74884495 Ticks Array.Reverse (Length: 100000) : called 10000 times.
125409674 Ticks Xor (Length: 100000) : called 10000 times.

对于短字符串,Xor似乎更快。

答案 3 :(得分:49)

如果字符串包含Unicode数据(严格来说,非BMP字符),则已发布的其他方法将损坏它,因为在反转字符串时无法交换高和低代理代码单元的顺序。 (有关此内容的更多信息,请参见my blog。)

以下代码示例将正确反转包含非BMP字符的字符串,例如“\ U00010380 \ U00010381”(Ugaritic Letter Alpa,Ugaritic Letter Beta)。

public static string Reverse(this string input)
{
    if (input == null)
        throw new ArgumentNullException("input");

    // allocate a buffer to hold the output
    char[] output = new char[input.Length];
    for (int outputIndex = 0, inputIndex = input.Length - 1; outputIndex < input.Length; outputIndex++, inputIndex--)
    {
        // check for surrogate pair
        if (input[inputIndex] >= 0xDC00 && input[inputIndex] <= 0xDFFF &&
            inputIndex > 0 && input[inputIndex - 1] >= 0xD800 && input[inputIndex - 1] <= 0xDBFF)
        {
            // preserve the order of the surrogate pair code units
            output[outputIndex + 1] = input[inputIndex];
            output[outputIndex] = input[inputIndex - 1];
            outputIndex++;
            inputIndex--;
        }
        else
        {
            output[outputIndex] = input[inputIndex];
        }
    }

    return new string(output);
}

答案 4 :(得分:45)

来自3.5 Framework

public string ReverseString(string srtVarable)
{
    return new string(srtVarable.Reverse().ToArray());
}

答案 5 :(得分:23)

好的,为了“不要重复自己”,我提供了以下解决方案:

public string Reverse(string text)
{
   return Microsoft.VisualBasic.Strings.StrReverse(text);
}

我的理解是这个实现,默认情况下在VB.NET中可用,正确处理Unicode字符。

答案 6 :(得分:17)

Greg Beech发布了一个unsafe选项,确实和它一样快(这是一个就地反转);但是,正如他在答案中指出的那样,它是 a completely disastrous idea

那就是说,我很惊讶有很多共识,Array.Reverse是最快的方法。对于小字符串,仍然有unsafe方法返回字符串的反转副本(没有就地反转恶作剧)明显快于Array.Reverse方法

public static unsafe string Reverse(string text)
{
    int len = text.Length;

    // Why allocate a char[] array on the heap when you won't use it
    // outside of this method? Use the stack.
    char* reversed = stackalloc char[len];

    // Avoid bounds-checking performance penalties.
    fixed (char* str = text)
    {
        int i = 0;
        int j = i + len - 1;
        while (i < len)
        {
            reversed[i++] = str[j--];
        }
    }

    // Need to use this overload for the System.String constructor
    // as providing just the char* pointer could result in garbage
    // at the end of the string (no guarantee of null terminator).
    return new string(reversed, 0, len);
}

Here are some benchmark results

随着字符串变大,您可以看到性能增益收缩然后随Array.Reverse方法消失。但是对于中小型琴弦来说,很难击败这种方法。

答案 7 :(得分:14)

简单明了的答案是使用扩展方法:

static class ExtentionMethodCollection
{
    public static string Inverse(this string @base)
    {
        return new string(@base.Reverse().ToArray());
    }
}

以及输出:

string Answer = "12345".Inverse(); // = "54321"

答案 8 :(得分:12)

如果你想玩一个非常危险的游戏,那么这是迄今为止最快的方式(大约比Array.Reverse方法快四倍)。这是使用指针的就地反转。

请注意,我真的不建议将其用于任何用途(have a look here for some reasons why you should not use this method),但有趣的是看到它可以完成,并且一旦打开不安全的代码,字符串就不是真正不可变的

public static unsafe string Reverse(string text)
{
    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(text))
    {
        return text;
    }

    fixed (char* pText = text)
    {
        char* pStart = pText;
        char* pEnd = pText + text.Length - 1;
        for (int i = text.Length / 2; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            char temp = *pStart;
            *pStart++ = *pEnd;
            *pEnd-- = temp;
        }

        return text;
    }
}

答案 9 :(得分:11)

首先,您不需要调用ToCharArray,因为字符串已经被索引为char数组,因此这将为您节省分配。

下一个优化是使用StringBuilder来防止不必要的分配(因为字符串是不可变的,连接它们每次都会生成字符串的副本)。为了进一步优化这个,我们预先设置StringBuilder的长度,这样就不需要扩展它的缓冲区了。

public string Reverse(string text)
{
    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(text))
    {
        return text;
    }

    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(text.Length);
    for (int i = text.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
    {
        builder.Append(text[i]);
    }

    return builder.ToString();
}

修改:效果数据

我使用Array.Reverse使用以下简单程序测试了此函数和函数,其中Reverse1是一个函数而Reverse2是另一个函数:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    var text = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";

    // pre-jit
    text = Reverse1(text); 
    text = Reverse2(text);

    // test
    var timer1 = Stopwatch.StartNew();
    for (var i = 0; i < 10000000; i++)
    {
        text = Reverse1(text);
    }

    timer1.Stop();
    Console.WriteLine("First: {0}", timer1.ElapsedMilliseconds);

    var timer2 = Stopwatch.StartNew();
    for (var i = 0; i < 10000000; i++)
    {
        text = Reverse2(text);
    }

    timer2.Stop();
    Console.WriteLine("Second: {0}", timer2.ElapsedMilliseconds);

    Console.ReadLine();
}

事实证明,对于短字符串,Array.Reverse方法的速度大约是上面的两倍,而对于较长的字符串,差异甚至更明显。因此,假设Array.Reverse方法更简单,更快,我建议你使用它而不是这个。我把这个留在这里只是为了表明这不是你应该这样做的方式(令我惊讶的是!)

答案 10 :(得分:11)

查看维基百科条目here。它们实现String.Reverse扩展方法。这允许您编写如下代码:

string s = "olleh";
s.Reverse();

他们还使用ToCharArray / Reverse组合,这个问题的其他答案表明。源代码如下所示:

public static string Reverse(this string input)
{
    char[] chars = input.ToCharArray();
    Array.Reverse(chars);
    return new String(chars);
}

答案 11 :(得分:10)

尝试使用Array.Reverse


public string Reverse(string str)
{
    char[] array = str.ToCharArray();
    Array.Reverse(array);
    return new string(array);
}

答案 12 :(得分:10)

public static string Reverse(string input)
{
    return string.Concat(Enumerable.Reverse(input));
}

当然你可以使用Reverse方法扩展字符串类

public static class StringExtensions
{
    public static string Reverse(this string input)
    {
        return string.Concat(Enumerable.Reverse(input));
    }
}

答案 13 :(得分:6)

不要打扰功能,只需这样做。注意:第二行将在某些VS版本的立即窗口中抛出一个参数异常。

string s = "Blah";
s = new string(s.ToCharArray().Reverse().ToArray()); 

答案 14 :(得分:5)

“最佳”可以取决于许多事情,但是这里有一些从快速到慢速排序的简短替代品:

string s = "z̽a̎l͘g̈o̓", pattern = @"(?s).(?<=(?:.(?=.*$(?<=((\P{M}\p{C}?\p{M}*)\1?))))*)";

string s1 = string.Concat(s.Reverse());                          // "☐☐̓ög͘l̎a̽z"  

string s2 = Microsoft.VisualBasic.Strings.StrReverse(s);         // "o̓g̈l͘a̎̽z"  

string s3 = string.Concat(StringInfo.ParseCombiningCharacters(s).Reverse()
    .Select(i => StringInfo.GetNextTextElement(s, i)));          // "o̓g̈l͘a̎z̽"  

string s4 = Regex.Replace(s, pattern, "$2").Remove(s.Length);    // "o̓g̈l͘a̎z̽"  

答案 15 :(得分:5)

必须提交一个递归示例:

private static string Reverse(string str)
{
    if (str.IsNullOrEmpty(str) || str.Length == 1)
        return str;
    else
        return str[str.Length - 1] + Reverse(str.Substring(0, str.Length - 1));
}

答案 16 :(得分:4)

很抱歉很长的帖子,但这可能很有意思

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        public static string ReverseUsingArrayClass(string text)
        {
            char[] chars = text.ToCharArray();
            Array.Reverse(chars);
            return new string(chars);
        }

        public static string ReverseUsingCharacterBuffer(string text)
        {
            char[] charArray = new char[text.Length];
            int inputStrLength = text.Length - 1;
            for (int idx = 0; idx <= inputStrLength; idx++) 
            {
                charArray[idx] = text[inputStrLength - idx];                
            }
            return new string(charArray);
        }

        public static string ReverseUsingStringBuilder(string text)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(text))
            {
                return text;
            }

            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(text.Length);
            for (int i = text.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
            {
                builder.Append(text[i]);
            }

            return builder.ToString();
        }

        private static string ReverseUsingStack(string input)
        {
            Stack<char> resultStack = new Stack<char>();
            foreach (char c in input)
            {
                resultStack.Push(c);
            }

            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            while (resultStack.Count > 0)
            {
                sb.Append(resultStack.Pop());
            }
            return sb.ToString();
        }

        public static string ReverseUsingXOR(string text)
        {
            char[] charArray = text.ToCharArray();
            int length = text.Length - 1;
            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++, length--)
            {
                charArray[i] ^= charArray[length];
                charArray[length] ^= charArray[i];
                charArray[i] ^= charArray[length];
            }

            return new string(charArray);
        }


        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string testString = string.Join(";", new string[] {
                new string('a', 100), 
                new string('b', 101), 
                new string('c', 102), 
                new string('d', 103),                                                                   
            });
            int cycleCount = 100000;

            Stopwatch stopwatch = new Stopwatch();
            stopwatch.Start();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleCount; i++) 
            {
                ReverseUsingCharacterBuffer(testString);
            }
            stopwatch.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("ReverseUsingCharacterBuffer: " + stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds + "ms");

            stopwatch.Reset();
            stopwatch.Start();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleCount; i++) 
            {
                ReverseUsingArrayClass(testString);
            }
            stopwatch.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("ReverseUsingArrayClass: " + stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds + "ms");

            stopwatch.Reset();
            stopwatch.Start();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleCount; i++) 
            {
                ReverseUsingStringBuilder(testString);
            }
            stopwatch.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("ReverseUsingStringBuilder: " + stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds + "ms");

            stopwatch.Reset();
            stopwatch.Start();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleCount; i++) 
            {
                ReverseUsingStack(testString);
            }
            stopwatch.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("ReverseUsingStack: " + stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds + "ms");

            stopwatch.Reset();
            stopwatch.Start();
            for (int i = 0; i < cycleCount; i++) 
            {
                ReverseUsingXOR(testString);
            }
            stopwatch.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("ReverseUsingXOR: " + stopwatch.ElapsedMilliseconds + "ms");            
        }
    }
}

结果:

  • ReverseUsingCharacterBuffer:346ms
  • ReverseUsingArrayClass:87ms
  • ReverseUsingStringBuilder:824ms
  • ReverseUsingStack:2086ms
  • ReverseUsingXOR:319ms

答案 17 :(得分:4)

public string Reverse(string input)
{
    char[] output = new char[input.Length];

    int forwards = 0;
    int backwards = input.Length - 1;

    do
    {
        output[forwards] = input[backwards];
        output[backwards] = input[forwards];
    }while(++forwards <= --backwards);

    return new String(output);
}

public string DotNetReverse(string input)
{
    char[] toReverse = input.ToCharArray();
    Array.Reverse(toReverse);
    return new String(toReverse);
}

public string NaiveReverse(string input)
{
    char[] outputArray = new char[input.Length];
    for (int i = 0; i < input.Length; i++)
    {
        outputArray[i] = input[input.Length - 1 - i];
    }

    return new String(outputArray);
}    

public string RecursiveReverse(string input)
{
    return RecursiveReverseHelper(input, 0, input.Length - 1);
}

public string RecursiveReverseHelper(string input, int startIndex , int endIndex)
{
    if (startIndex == endIndex)
    {
        return "" + input[startIndex];
    }

    if (endIndex - startIndex == 1)
    {
        return "" + input[endIndex] + input[startIndex];
    }

    return input[endIndex] + RecursiveReverseHelper(input, startIndex + 1, endIndex - 1) + input[startIndex];
}


void Main()
{
    int[] sizes = new int[] { 10, 100, 1000, 10000 };
    for(int sizeIndex = 0; sizeIndex < sizes.Length; sizeIndex++)
    {
        string holaMundo  = "";
        for(int i = 0; i < sizes[sizeIndex]; i+= 5)
        {   
            holaMundo += "ABCDE";
        }

        string.Format("\n**** For size: {0} ****\n", sizes[sizeIndex]).Dump();

        string odnuMaloh = DotNetReverse(holaMundo);

        var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
        string result = NaiveReverse(holaMundo);
        ("Naive Ticks: " + stopWatch.ElapsedTicks).Dump();

        stopWatch.Restart();
        result = Reverse(holaMundo);
        ("Efficient linear Ticks: " + stopWatch.ElapsedTicks).Dump();

        stopWatch.Restart();
        result = RecursiveReverse(holaMundo);
        ("Recursive Ticks: " + stopWatch.ElapsedTicks).Dump();

        stopWatch.Restart();
        result = DotNetReverse(holaMundo);
        ("DotNet Reverse Ticks: " + stopWatch.ElapsedTicks).Dump();
    }
}

<强>输出

尺寸:10

Naive Ticks: 1
Efficient linear Ticks: 0
Recursive Ticks: 2
DotNet Reverse Ticks: 1

尺寸:100

Naive Ticks: 2
Efficient linear Ticks: 1
Recursive Ticks: 12
DotNet Reverse Ticks: 1

尺寸:1000

Naive Ticks: 5
Efficient linear Ticks: 2
Recursive Ticks: 358
DotNet Reverse Ticks: 9

尺寸:10000

Naive Ticks: 32
Efficient linear Ticks: 28
Recursive Ticks: 84808
DotNet Reverse Ticks: 33

答案 18 :(得分:4)

基于堆栈的解决方案。

    public static string Reverse(string text)
    {
        var stack = new Stack<char>(text);
        var array = new char[stack.Count];

        int i = 0;
        while (stack.Count != 0)
        {
            array[i++] = stack.Pop();
        }

        return new string(array);
    }

    public static string Reverse(string text)
    {
        var stack = new Stack<char>(text);
        return string.Join("", stack);
    }

答案 19 :(得分:3)

怎么样:

    private string Reverse(string stringToReverse)
    {
        char[] rev = stringToReverse.Reverse().ToArray();
        return new string(rev); 
    }

答案 20 :(得分:3)

很抱歉在这个旧帖子上发帖。我正在练习一些面试代码。

这就是我为C#提出的。重构前的第一个版本很糟糕。

static String Reverse2(string str)
{
    int strLen = str.Length, elem = strLen - 1;
    char[] charA = new char[strLen];

    for (int i = 0; i < strLen; i++)
    {
        charA[elem] = str[i];
        elem--;
    }

    return new String(charA);
}

与下面的Array.Reverse方法相比,字符串中的12个字符或更少字符显示得更快。在13个字符之后,Array.Reverse开始变得更快,并且它最终在速度上占据主导地位。我只是想指出速度开始变化的地方。

static String Reverse(string str)
{     
    char[] charA = str.ToCharArray();

    Array.Reverse(charA);

    return new String(charA);
}

字符串中有100个字符,它比我的版本x 4快。但是,如果我知道字符串总是少于13个字符,我会使用我制作的字符串。

使用Stopwatch和5000000次迭代进行测试。此外,我不确定我的版本是否使用Unicode编码处理代理或组合字符情况。

答案 21 :(得分:3)

我从Microsoft.VisualBasic.Strings创建了一个C#端口。我不确定他们为什么在Framework中的System.String之外保留这些有用的函数(来自VB),但仍然在Microsoft.VisualBasic下。财务职能的相同方案(例如Microsoft.VisualBasic.Financial.Pmt())。

public static string StrReverse(this string expression)
{
    if ((expression == null))
        return "";

    int srcIndex;

    var length = expression.Length;
    if (length == 0)
        return "";

    //CONSIDER: Get System.String to add a surrogate aware Reverse method

    //Detect if there are any graphemes that need special handling
    for (srcIndex = 0; srcIndex <= length - 1; srcIndex++)
    {
        var ch = expression[srcIndex];
        var uc = char.GetUnicodeCategory(ch);
        if (uc == UnicodeCategory.Surrogate || uc == UnicodeCategory.NonSpacingMark || uc == UnicodeCategory.SpacingCombiningMark || uc == UnicodeCategory.EnclosingMark)
        {
            //Need to use special handling
            return InternalStrReverse(expression, srcIndex, length);
        }
    }

    var chars = expression.ToCharArray();
    Array.Reverse(chars);
    return new string(chars);
}

///<remarks>This routine handles reversing Strings containing graphemes
/// GRAPHEME: a text element that is displayed as a single character</remarks>
private static string InternalStrReverse(string expression, int srcIndex, int length)
{
    //This code can only be hit one time
    var sb = new StringBuilder(length) { Length = length };

    var textEnum = StringInfo.GetTextElementEnumerator(expression, srcIndex);

    //Init enumerator position
    if (!textEnum.MoveNext())
    {
        return "";
    }

    var lastSrcIndex = 0;
    var destIndex = length - 1;

    //Copy up the first surrogate found
    while (lastSrcIndex < srcIndex)
    {
        sb[destIndex] = expression[lastSrcIndex];
        destIndex -= 1;
        lastSrcIndex += 1;
    }

    //Now iterate through the text elements and copy them to the reversed string
    var nextSrcIndex = textEnum.ElementIndex;

    while (destIndex >= 0)
    {
        srcIndex = nextSrcIndex;

        //Move to next element
        nextSrcIndex = (textEnum.MoveNext()) ? textEnum.ElementIndex : length;
        lastSrcIndex = nextSrcIndex - 1;

        while (lastSrcIndex >= srcIndex)
        {
            sb[destIndex] = expression[lastSrcIndex];
            destIndex -= 1;
            lastSrcIndex -= 1;
        }
    }

    return sb.ToString();
}

答案 22 :(得分:2)

public static string reverse(string s) 
{
    string r = "";
    for (int i = s.Length; i > 0; i--) r += s[i - 1];
    return r;
}

答案 23 :(得分:2)

从.NET Core 2.1开始,有一种使用string.Create方法来反转字符串的新方法。

请注意,此解决方案无法正确处理Unicode组合字符等,因为“ Les Mise \ u0301rables”将转换为“selbarésiMseL”。 the other answers是一个更好的解决方案。

public static string Reverse(string input)
{
    return string.Create<string>(input.Length, input, (chars, state) =>
    {
        state.AsSpan().CopyTo(chars);
        chars.Reverse();
    });
}

这实际上将input的字符复制到新字符串并就地反转新字符串。

string.Create为什么有用?

当我们从现有数组创建字符串时,将分配一个新的内部数组并复制值。否则,有可能在创建字符串后(在安全的环境中)对字符串进行突变。也就是说,在下面的代码段中,我们必须分配一个长度为10的数组两次,一个作为缓冲区,一个作为字符串的内部数组。

var chars = new char[10];
// set array values
var str = new string(chars);

string.Create本质上允许我们在字符串创建期间操纵内部数组。也就是说,我们不再需要缓冲区,因此可以避免分配一个char数组。

史蒂夫·戈登(Steve Gordon)对此进行了更详细的介绍here。在MSDN上也有一篇文章。

如何使用string.Create

public static string Create<TState>(int length, TState state, SpanAction<char, TState> action);

该方法具有三个参数:

  1. 要创建的字符串的长度,
  2. 您要用于动态创建新字符串的数据,
  3. 和一个从数据创建最终字符串的委托,其中第一个参数指向新字符串的内部char数组,第二个参数是您传递给string.Create的数据(状态) 。

在委托内部,我们可以指定如何从数据创建新字符串。在我们的例子中,我们只是将输入字符串的字符复制到新字符串使用的Span上。然后我们反转Span,因此整个字符串都反转了。

基准

为了将我提出的反转字符串的方法与可接受的答案进行比较,我使用BenchmarkDotNet编写了两个基准。

public class StringExtensions
{
    public static string ReverseWithArray(string input)
    {
        var charArray = input.ToCharArray();
        Array.Reverse(charArray);
        return new string(charArray);
    }

    public static string ReverseWithStringCreate(string input)
    {
        return string.Create(input.Length, input, (chars, state) =>
        {
            state.AsSpan().CopyTo(chars);
            chars.Reverse();
        });
    }
}

[MemoryDiagnoser]
public class StringReverseBenchmarks
{
    private string input;

    [Params(10, 100, 1000)]
    public int InputLength { get; set; }


    [GlobalSetup]
    public void SetInput()
    {
        // Creates a random string of the given length
        this.input = RandomStringGenerator.GetString(InputLength);
    }

    [Benchmark(Baseline = true)]
    public string WithReverseArray() => StringExtensions.ReverseWithArray(input);

    [Benchmark]
    public string WithStringCreate() => StringExtensions.ReverseWithStringCreate(input);
}

这是我机器上的结果:

| Method           | InputLength |         Mean |      Error |    StdDev |  Gen 0 | Allocated |
| ---------------- | ----------- | -----------: | ---------: | --------: | -----: | --------: |
| WithReverseArray | 10          |    45.464 ns |  0.4836 ns | 0.4524 ns | 0.0610 |      96 B |
| WithStringCreate | 10          |    39.749 ns |  0.3206 ns | 0.2842 ns | 0.0305 |      48 B |
|                  |             |              |            |           |        |           |
| WithReverseArray | 100         |   175.162 ns |  2.8766 ns | 2.2458 ns | 0.2897 |     456 B |
| WithStringCreate | 100         |   125.284 ns |  2.4657 ns | 2.0590 ns | 0.1473 |     232 B |
|                  |             |              |            |           |        |           |
| WithReverseArray | 1000        | 1,523.544 ns |  9.8808 ns | 8.7591 ns | 2.5768 |    4056 B |
| WithStringCreate | 1000        | 1,078.957 ns | 10.2948 ns | 9.6298 ns | 1.2894 |    2032 B |

如您所见,使用ReverseWithStringCreate,我们仅分配ReverseWithArray方法使用的一半内存。

答案 24 :(得分:2)

如果您的字符串只包含ASCII字符,则可以使用此方法。

    public static string ASCIIReverse(string s)
    {
        byte[] reversed = new byte[s.Length];

        int k = 0;
        for (int i = s.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            reversed[k++] = (byte)s[i];
        }

        return Encoding.ASCII.GetString(reversed);
    }

答案 25 :(得分:2)

如果它在面试中出现并且你被告知你不能使用Array.Reverse,我认为这可能是最快的之一。它不会创建新的字符串,只迭代一半的数组(即O(n / 2)次迭代)

    public static string ReverseString(string stringToReverse)
    {
        char[] charArray = stringToReverse.ToCharArray();
        int len = charArray.Length-1;
        int mid = len / 2;

        for (int i = 0; i < mid; i++)
        {
            char tmp = charArray[i];
            charArray[i] = charArray[len - i];
            charArray[len - i] = tmp;
        }
        return new string(charArray);
    }

答案 26 :(得分:2)

“更好的方式”取决于在您的情况,性能,优雅,可维护性等方面对您更重要的事情。

无论如何,这是使用Array.Reverse的方法:

string inputString="The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.";
char[] charArray = inputString.ToCharArray(); 
Array.Reverse(charArray); 

string reversed = new string(charArray);

答案 27 :(得分:1)

首先,您必须了解的是str + =将调整字符串内存的大小,以便为1个额外的char腾出空间。这很好,但是如果你有一本你想要翻转的1000页的书,这将需要很长时间才能执行。

有些人可能建议的解决方案是使用StringBuilder。执行+ =时,字符串生成器的作用是分配更大的内存块来保存新字符,这样每次添加char时都不需要重新分配。

如果您真的想要一个快速且极简的解决方案,我建议如下:

            char[] chars = new char[str.Length];
            for (int i = str.Length - 1, j = 0; i >= 0; --i, ++j)
            {
                chars[j] = str[i];
            }
            str = new String(chars);

在此解决方案中,初始化char []时有一个初始内存分配,当字符串构造函数从char数组构建字符串时有一个分配。

在我的系统上,我为你运行了一个测试,它反转了一个包含2 750 000个字符的字符串。以下是10次执行的结果:

StringBuilder:190K - 200K ticks

Char数组:130K - 160K滴答

我还测试了正常的String + =但是我在10分钟之后放弃了它而没有输出。

但是,我也注意到,对于较小的字符串,StringBuilder更快,因此您必须根据输入决定实现。

干杯

答案 28 :(得分:1)

private static string Reverse(string str)
        {
            string revStr = string.Empty;
            for (int i = str.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
            {
                revStr += str[i].ToString();
            }
            return revStr;
        }

比上述方法更快

private static string ReverseEx(string str)
        {
            char[] chrArray = str.ToCharArray();
            int len = chrArray.Length - 1;
            char rev = 'n';
            for (int i = 0; i <= len/2; i++)
            {
                rev = chrArray[i];
                chrArray[i] = chrArray[len - i];
                chrArray[len - i] = rev;
            }
            return new string(chrArray);
        }

答案 29 :(得分:1)

由于我喜欢几个答案-一个用于使用string.Create,因此高性能和低分配,另一个用于正确性-使用StringInfo类,我决定需要一种组合方法。这是最终的字符串反转方法:)

private static string ReverseString(string str)
    {
        return string.Create(str.Length, str, (chars, state) =>
        {
            var enumerator = StringInfo.GetTextElementEnumerator(state);
            var position = state.Length;
            while (enumerator.MoveNext())
            {
                var cluster = ((string)enumerator.Current).AsSpan();
                cluster.CopyTo(chars.Slice(position - cluster.Length));
                position -= cluster.Length;
            }
        });
    }

使用StringInfo类的方法还有一种更好的方法,该方法仅返回索引就跳过了Enumerator分配的许多字符串。

private static string ReverseString(string str)
    {
        return string.Create(str.Length, str, (chars, state) =>
        {
            var position = 0;
            var indexes = StringInfo.ParseCombiningCharacters(state); // skips string creation
            var stateSpan = state.AsSpan();
            for (int len = indexes.Length, i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
            {
                var index = indexes[i];
                var spanLength = i == len - 1 ? state.Length - index : indexes[i + 1] - index;
                stateSpan.Slice(index, spanLength).CopyTo(chars.Slice(position));
                position += spanLength;
            }
        });
    }

与LINQ解决方案相比的一些基准测试:

String length 20:

LINQ                       Mean: 2,355.5 ns   Allocated: 1440 B
string.Create              Mean:   851.0 ns   Allocated:  720 B
string.Create with indexes Mean:   466.4 ns   Allocated:  168 B

String length 450:

LINQ                          Mean: 34.33 us   Allocated: 22.98 KB
string.Create                 Mean:   19.13 us   Allocated: 14.98 KB
string.Create with indexes    Mean:   10.32 us   Allocated: 2.69 KB

答案 30 :(得分:1)

public static string Reverse2(string x)
        {
            char[] charArray = new char[x.Length];
            int len = x.Length - 1;
            for (int i = 0; i <= len; i++)
                charArray[i] = x[len - i];
            return new string(charArray);
        }

答案 31 :(得分:1)

使用LINQ的汇总功能

string s = "Karthik U";
s = s.Aggregate(new StringBuilder(), (o, p) => o.Insert(0, p)).ToString();

答案 32 :(得分:1)

这很简单:

string x = "your string";       
string x1 = "";
for(int i = x.Length-1 ; i >= 0; i--)
    x1 += x[i];
Console.WriteLine("The reverse of the string is:\n {0}", x1);

请参阅output

答案 33 :(得分:1)

这是一个unicode安全版本的函数,写成一个可以安全地处理unicode的扩展。它接近标记的完整答案,但不会抛出“无效的高代理人字符”的例外。

public static class StringExtensions
{
    public static string Reverse(this string s)
    {
        var info = new StringInfo(s);
        var charArray = new char[s.Length];
        var teIndices = StringInfo.ParseCombiningCharacters(s).Reverse();

        int j = 0;
        foreach(var i in  teIndices)
        {
            if (char.IsHighSurrogate(s[i]))
            {
                charArray[j] = s[i];
                j++;
                charArray[j] = s[i+1];
            }
            else
            {
                charArray[j] = s[i];
            }
            j++;
        }

        return new string(charArray);

    }
}

答案 34 :(得分:1)

如何使用Substring

static string ReverseString(string text)
{
    string sub = "";
    int indexCount = text.Length - 1;
    for (int i = indexCount; i > -1; i--)
    {
        sub = sub + text.Substring(i, 1);
    }
    return sub;
}

答案 35 :(得分:1)

最简单的方法:

string reversed = new string(text.Reverse().ToArray());

答案 36 :(得分:0)

如果有人询问反向字符串,其目的可能是找出您是否知道诸如XOR之类的按位运算。在C#中,您具有Array.Reverse函数,但是,您可以在几行代码(最小)中使用简单的XOR操作

    public static string MyReverse(string s)
    {
        char[] charArray = s.ToCharArray();
        int bgn = -1;
        int end = s.Length;
        while(++bgn < --end)
        {
            charArray[bgn] ^= charArray[end];
            charArray[end] ^= charArray[bgn];
            charArray[bgn] ^= charArray[end];
        }
        return new string(charArray);
    }

答案 37 :(得分:0)

    string original = "Stack Overflow";
    string reversed = new string(original.Reverse().ToArray());

答案 38 :(得分:0)

处理所有类型的unicode字符

使用System.Globalization;

    public static string ReverseString(this string content) {

        var textElementEnumerator = StringInfo.GetTextElementEnumerator(content);

        var SbBuilder = new StringBuilder(content.Length);

        while (textElementEnumerator.MoveNext()) {
            SbBuilder.Insert(0, textElementEnumerator.GetTextElement());
        }

        return SbBuilder.ToString();
    }

答案 39 :(得分:0)

     using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {     
        public static string ReverseString(string str)
        {
            int totalLength = str.Length;
            int iCount = 0;
            string strRev = string.Empty;
            iCount = totalLength;
            while (iCount != 0)
            {
                iCount--;
                strRev += str[iCount]; 
            }
            return strRev;
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string str = "Punit Pandya";
            string strResult = ReverseString(str);
            Console.WriteLine(strResult);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

  }

答案 40 :(得分:0)

testCompile - Dependencies for source set 'test' (deprecated, use 'testImplementation ' instead).
\--- project :json-display
     \--- com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.0


BU¦LD SUCCESSFUL in 1s
1 actionable task: 1 executed

答案 41 :(得分:0)

有多种方法可以反转字符串,我在下面显示了3个。

- 使用Array.Reverse函数。

 private static string ReverseString1(string text)
    {
        char[] rtext = text.ToCharArray();
        Array.Reverse(rtext);
        return new string(rtext);
    }

- 仅使用字符串

  private static string ReverseString2(string text)
    {
        String rtext = "";
        for (int i = text.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            rtext = rtext + text[i];
        }
        return rtext;
    }

- 仅使用char数组

 public static string ReverseString3(string str)
    {
        char[] chars = str.ToCharArray();
        char[] rchars = new char[chars.Length];
        for (int i = 0, j = str.Length - 1; i < chars.Length; i++, j--)
        {
            rchars[j] = chars[i];
        }
        return new string(rchars);
    }

答案 42 :(得分:-1)

在采访中我被问到了类似的问题。这是我的回答,虽然它的表现可能没有其他答案那么快。我的问题被称为“创建一个可以使用方法向后打印字符串的类”:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

namespace BackwardsTest
{
    class PrintBackwards
    {
        public static void print(string param)
        {
            if (param == null || param.Length == 0)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("string is null");
                return;
            }
            List<char> list = new List<char>();
            string returned = null;
            foreach(char d in param)
            {
                list.Add(d);
            }
            for(int i = list.Count(); i > 0; i--)
            {
                returned = returned + list[list.Count - 1];
                list.RemoveAt(list.Count - 1);
            }
            Console.WriteLine(returned);
        }
    }
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string test = "I want to print backwards";
            PrintBackwards.print(test);
            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000);
        }
    }
}

答案 43 :(得分:-1)

string A = null;
//a now is reversed and you can use it
A = SimulateStrReverse.StrReverse("your string");

public static class SimulateStrReverse
{
    public static string StrReverse(string expression)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(expression))
            return string.Empty;

        string reversedString = string.Empty;
        for (int charIndex = expression.Length - 1; charIndex >= 0; charIndex--)
        {
            reversedString += expression[charIndex];
        }
        return reversedString;
    }
}

答案 44 :(得分:-2)

这是用于反向字符串的代码

public Static void main(){
    string text = "Test Text";
    Console.Writeline(RevestString(text))
}

public Static string RevestString(string text){
    char[] textToChar = text.ToCharArray();
    string result= string.Empty;
    int length = textToChar .Length;
    for (int i = length; i > 0; --i)
    result += textToChar[i - 1];
    return result;
}

答案 45 :(得分:-3)

这很简单

static void Reverse()
    {
        string str = "PankajRawat";
        var arr = str.ToCharArray();
        for (int i = str.Length-1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            Console.Write(arr[i]);
        }
    }

答案 46 :(得分:-4)

public string rev(string str)
{
    if (str.Length <= 0)
        return string.Empty;
    else
        return str[str.Length-1]+ rev(str.Substring(0,str.Length-1));
}

答案 47 :(得分:-5)

在不使用新字符串的情况下反转字符串。让我们说

String input  = "Mark Henry";
//Just to convert into char array. One can simply take input in char array.
Char[] array = input.toCharArray(input);
int a = input.length;

for(int i=0; i<(array.length/2 -1) ; i++)
{
    array[i] = array[i] + array[a];
    array[a] = array[i] - array[a];
    array[i] = array[i] - array[a--];
}

答案 48 :(得分:-8)

SELECT REVERSE('somestring'); 完成。