paintComponent无法正常工作

时间:2013-06-04 01:27:26

标签: java swing paintcomponent

这可能是一个愚蠢的问题,但我如何调用paintComponent?它根本不显示对象。它在公共类Ball内扩展了JPanel实现的Runnable。

public class Balls {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Balls();
    }

    public Balls() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Balls!");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(frame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.add(new ballAdder());
                frame.setSize(1000, 1000);
                frame.setVisible(true);

            }
        });
    }

    public class ballAdder extends JPanel {

        public ballAdder() {
            add(new Ball(5, 5));

        }
    }

    public class Ball extends JPanel implements Runnable {

        public int x, y;
        public int speedx, speedy;
        public int width = 40, height = 40;

        public Ball(int x, int y) {
            this.x = x;
            this.y = y;
            new Thread(this).start();

        }

        public void move() {
            x += speedx;
            y += speedy;
            if (0 > x || x > 950) {
                speedx = -speedx;
            }
            if (0 > y || y > 950) {
                speedy = -speedy;
            }
            repaint();
        }

        public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponent(g);
            g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            g.fillOval(x, y, width, height);
        }

        public void run() {
            while (true) {
                move();
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(20);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

您不应该自己致电paintComponent(或paint)。这是由RepaintManager完成的。

您实际遇到的问题是事实speedxspeedy0,这意味着您的球永远不会移动......

另一个问题是,ballAdder类正在使用FlowLayout,而您Ball类未提供有关其首选大小的任何详细信息,这意味着Ball小组首选大小为0x0

查看

您的设计可扩展性存在严重问题。除了你因为布局问题而难以向UI添加一个球之外的事实......

每个Ball都有自己的主题。这意味着,您添加的球越多,将要运行的线程越多。这将导致资源不断流失并影响应用程序的性能。

最好提供一个Drawable对象的概念,该概念知道它应该在容器的概念中显示的位置,并且可以painted内的paintComponentjavax.swing.Timer。通过使用单个public class ballAdder extends JPanel { public ballAdder() { setLayout(new BorderLayout()); add(new Ball(5, 5)); } } ,它应该能够支持越来越多的随机球。

首次修复

为了解决你的第一个问题,你可以做这样的事情......

Ball

此修复程序的问题在于,您只能在容器上拥有一个JPanel,因为它会占用最大可用空间。

您可能希望阅读Using Layout Managers了解更多详情

一个(可能的)更好的解决方案

(可能的)更好的解决方案是使用单个BallPitPane作为“球坑”,其保持对球列表的引用。

然后,您将使用paintComponent的{​​{1}}方法绘制所有球(在球列表中)。

通过使用单个javax.swing.Timer,您可以遍历球列表并更新位置(在BallPitPane

的上下文中

恕我直言,这比试图与布局经理打架或写自己更容易......

enter image description here

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;

public class Bounce {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Bounce();
    }

    public Bounce() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
                }

                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
                frame.add(new BallPitPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public class BallPitPane extends JPanel {

        private List<Ball> balls;
        private Random rand;

        public BallPitPane() {
            rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
            balls = new ArrayList<>(25);
            Timer timer = new Timer(40, new ActionListener() {
                @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                    if (balls.isEmpty()) {
                        balls.add(new Ball(BallPitPane.this));
                    }

                    if (rand.nextBoolean()) {
                        balls.add(new Ball(BallPitPane.this));
                    }

                    for (Ball ball : balls) {
                        ball.move();
                    }
                    repaint();
                }
            });
            timer.start();
        }

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
            return new Dimension(200, 200);
        }

        @Override
        protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponent(g);
            Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
            for (Ball ball : balls) {
                ball.paint(g2d);
            }
            g2d.dispose();
        }
    }

    protected static int random(int min, int max) {

        return (int)Math.round(Math.random() * (max - min)) + min;

    }

    public static class Ball {

        public static final int WIDTH = 10;
        public static final int HEIGHT = 10;

        private int x;
        private int y;

        private int deltaX;
        private int deltaY;

        private Color color;
        private BallPitPane parent;

        public Ball(BallPitPane parent) {
            this.parent = parent;
            x = parent.getWidth() / 2;
            y = parent.getHeight() / 2;

            deltaX = random(-4, 4);
            deltaY = random(-4, 4);

            color = new Color(random(0, 255), random(0, 255), random(0, 255));
        }

        public void move() {
            x += deltaX;
            y += deltaY;

            if (x + WIDTH > parent.getWidth()) {
                x = parent.getWidth() - WIDTH;
                deltaX *= -1;
            } else if (x < 0) {
                x = 0;
                deltaX *= -1;
            }
            if (y + HEIGHT > parent.getHeight()) {
                y = parent.getHeight() - HEIGHT;
                deltaY *= -1;
            } else if (y < 0) {
                y = 0;
                deltaY *= -1;
            }
        }

        public Color getColor() {
            return color;
        }

        public void paint(Graphics2D g2d) {

            g2d.setColor(getColor());
            g2d.fillOval(x, y, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
            g2d.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            g2d.drawOval(x, y, WIDTH, HEIGHT);

        }        
    }    
}