Python:使用re.sub多次替换多个子字符串

时间:2012-03-28 12:03:15

标签: python replace

我正在尝试更正具有一些非常典型的扫描错误的文本(我误认为是I,反之亦然)。基本上我希望re.sub中的替换字符串取决于检测到“I”的次数,类似:

re.sub("(\w+)(I+)(\w*)", "\g<1>l+\g<3>", "I am stiII here.")

实现这一目标的最佳方式是什么?

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

将函数作为替换字符串传递,如the docs中所述。您的函数可以识别错误并根据该函数创建最佳替换。

def replacement(match):
    if "I" in match.group(2):
        return match.group(1) + "l" * len(match.group(2)) + match.group(3)
    # Add additional cases here and as ORs in your regex

re.sub(r"(\w+)(II+)(\w*)", replacement, "I am stiII here.")
>>> I am still here.

(请注意,我修改了你的正则表达式,因此重复的Is会出现在一个组中。)

答案 1 :(得分:1)

您可以使用lookaround仅替换其他I之后或之前的I

print re.sub("(?<=I)I|I(?=I)", "l", "I am stiII here.")

答案 2 :(得分:0)

在我看来,你可以做类似的事情:

def replace_L(match):
    return match.group(0).replace(match.group(1),'l'*len(match.group(1)))

string_I_want=re.sub(r'\w+(I+)\w*',replace_L,'I am stiII here.')

答案 3 :(得分:0)

基于DNS提出的答案,我构建了一些更复杂的东西来捕获所有案例(或至少大部分案例),尽量不添加太多错误:

def Irepl(matchobj):
    # Catch acronyms
    if matchobj.group(0).isupper():
        return matchobj.group(0)
    else:
        # Replace Group2 with 'l's
        return matchobj.group(1) + 'l'*len(matchobj.group(2)) + matchobj.group(3)


# Impossible to know if first letter is correct or not (possibly a name)
I_FOR_l_PATTERN = "([a-zA-HJ-Z]+?)(I+)(\w*)"
for line in lines:
    tmp_line = line.replace("l'", "I'").replace("'I", "'l").replace(" l ", " I ")
    tmp_line = re.sub("^l ", "I ", tmp_line)

    cor_line = re.sub(I_FOR_l_PATTERN, Irepl, tmp_line)

    # Loop to catch all errors in a word (iIIegaI for example)
    while cor_line != tmp_line:
        tmp_line = cor_line
        cor_line = re.sub(I_FOR_l_PATTERN, Irepl, tmp_line)

希望这有助于其他人!