通过代码在包装单元格中插入换行符

时间：2012-03-28 03:55:49

标签： excel vba excel-vba

是否可以通过VBA代码在包装的单元格中插入换行符？ （类似于在手动输入数据时执行 Alt - 输入）

我已经通过VBA代码将单元格的wrap文本属性设置为True，并且我也通过VBA代码将数据插入到它中。

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：60)

是。相当于 Alt Enter 的VBA是使用换行符：

ActiveCell.Value = "I am a " & Chr(10) & "test"

请注意，这会自动将WrapText设置为True。

证明：

Sub test()
Dim c As Range
Set c = ActiveCell
c.WrapText = False
MsgBox "Activcell WrapText is " & c.WrapText
c.Value = "I am a " & Chr(10) & "test"
MsgBox "Activcell WrapText is " & c.WrapText
End Sub

答案 1 :(得分：14)

您还可以使用vbCrLf对应Chr(13)＆amp; Chr(10)。

答案 2 :(得分：0)

是的，有两种方法可以添加换行符：

  1. 在要添加换行符的字符串中使用VBA vbCrLf中的现有函数，如下所示：

    Dim text As String

    text =＆＃34;您好＆＃34; ＆安培; vbCrLf＆amp; ＆＃34;世界＆＃34;！

    工作表（1）.Cells（1,1）= text

  2. 使用Chr()功能并传递ASCII字符13和10以添加换行符，如下所示：

    Dim text As String

    text =＆＃34;您好＆＃34; ＆安培; Chr（13）＆amp; Chr（10）＆amp; ＆＃34;世界＆＃34;！

    工作表（1）.Cells（1,1）= text

    3. 在这两种情况下，您将在单元格（1,1）或A1中具有相同的输出。

答案 3 :(得分：0)

我知道这个问题真的很老，但由于我有同样的需求，在搜索 SO 和谷歌后，我找到了一些答案，但没有任何可用的。因此，我利用这些碎片和小点制作了我的解决方案，并在此分享。

我需要什么

  1. 了解以像素为单位的列宽
  2. 能够以像素为单位测量字符串的长度，以便在列的维度进行切割

我发现了什么

  1. 关于列的宽度（以像素为单位），我在 Excel 2010 DocumentFormat 中找到了这个：
<块引用>

要在运行时将文件中的宽度值转换为列宽值（以像素表示），请使用以下计算： =Truncate(((256 * {width} + Truncate(128/{最大数字宽度}))/256)*{最大数字宽度}) 即使它是 Excel 2010 格式，它仍然可以在 Excel 2016 中运行。我很快就能在 Excel 365 上对其进行测试。

  1. 关于以像素为单位的字符串宽度，我使用了@TravelinGuy in this question 提出的解决方案，并对错字和溢出进行了小幅修正。到我写这篇文章的时候，他的答案中的错字已经更正了，但仍然存在溢出问题。尽管如此，我对他的回答进行了评论，因此您可以尽一切努力使其完美无缺。

我做了什么

以这种方式工作的三个递归函数的代码：

  1. 函数 1 ：猜测将句子截断的大概位置，如果适合该列，然后调用函数 2 和函数 3 以确定正确的位置。在适当的位置返回带有 CR (Chr(10)) 字符的原始字符串，以便每一行都适合列大小，
  2. 功能 2：从猜测的地方开始，尝试在行中添加更多单词，同时使其适合列大小，
  3. 函数 3：与函数 2 完全相反，因此它检索句子中的单词，直到它适合列大小。

这是代码

Sub SplitLineTest()
    Dim TextRange As Range
    Set TextRange = FeuilTest.Cells(2, 2) 

 'Take the text we want to wrap then past it in multi cells
    Dim NewText As String
    NewText = SetCRtoEOL(TextRange.Value2, TextRange.Font.Name, TextRange.Font.Size, xlWidthToPixs(TextRange.ColumnWidth) - 5) '-5 to take into account 2 white pixels left and right of the text + 1 pixel for the grid
    
'Copy each of the text lines in an individual cell
    Dim ResultArr() As String
    ResultArr() = Split(NewText, Chr(10))
    TextRange.Offset(2, 0).Resize(UBound(ResultArr) + 1, 1).Value2 = WorksheetFunction.Transpose(ResultArr())
End Sub


Function xlWidthToPixs(ByVal xlWidth As Double) As Long
'Fonction to convert the size of an Excel column width expressed in Excel unit(Range.ColumnWidth) in pixels
'Parameters :   - xlWidth : that is the width of the column Excel unit
'Return :       - The size of the column in pixels
    
    Dim pxFontWidthMax As Long
    
    'Xl Col sizing is related to workbook default string configuration and depends of the size in pixel from char "0". We need to gather it
    With ThisWorkbook.Styles("Normal").Font
        pxFontWidthMax = pxGetStringW("0", .Name, .Size)    'Get the size in pixels of the '0' character
    End With
    
    'Now, we can make the calculation
    xlWidthToPixs = WorksheetFunction.Floor_Precise(((256 * xlWidth + WorksheetFunction.Floor_Precise(128 / pxFontWidthMax)) / 256) * pxFontWidthMax) + 5
End Function


Function SetCRtoEOL(ByVal Original As String, ByVal FontName As String, ByVal FontSize As Variant, ByVal pxAvailW) As String
'Function aiming to make a text fit into a given number of pixels, by putting some CR char between words when needed.
'If some words are too longs to fit in the given width, they won't be cut and will get out of the limits given.
'The function works recursively. Each time it find an End Of Line, it call itself with the remaining text until.
'The recursive process ends whent the text fit in the given space without needing to be truncated anymore
'Parameters :   - Original : The text to fit
'               - FontName : Name of the font
'               - FontSize : Size of the font
'               - pxAvailW : Available width in pixels in wich we need to make the text fit
'Return :       - The orignal text with CR in place of spaces where the text needs to be cut to fit the width
    
    'If we got a null string, there is nothing to do so we return a null string
    If Original = vbNullString Then Exit Function
    
    Dim pxTextW As Long
    
    'If the text fit in, may be it's the original or this is end of recursion. Nothing to do more than returne the text back
    pxTextW = pxGetStringW(Original, FontName, FontSize)
    If pxTextW < pxAvailW Then
        SetCRtoEOL = Original
        Exit Function
    End If
    
    'The text doesn't fit, we need to find where to cut it
    Dim WrapPosition As Long
    Dim EstWrapPosition As Long
    EstWrapPosition = Len(Original) * pxAvailW / pxTextW   'Estimate the cut position in the string given to a proportion of characters
    If pxGetStringW(Left(Original, EstWrapPosition), FontName, FontSize) < pxAvailW Then
        'Text to estimated wrap position fits in, we try to see if we can fits some more words
        WrapPosition = FindMaxPosition(Original, FontName, FontSize, pxAvailW, EstWrapPosition)
    End If
        
    'If WrapPosition = 0, we didn't get a proper place yet, we try to find the previous white space
    If WrapPosition = 0 Then
        WrapPosition = FindMaxPositionRev(Original, FontName, FontSize, pxAvailW, EstWrapPosition)
    End If
        
    'If WrapPosition is still 0, we are facing a too long word for the pxAvailable. We'll cut after this word what ever. (Means we must search for the first white space of the text)
    If WrapPosition = 0 Then
        WrapPosition = InStr(Original, " ")
    End If
    
    If WrapPosition = 0 Then
        'Words too long to cut, but nothing more to cut, we return it as is
        SetCRtoEOL = Original
    Else
        'We found a wrap position. We recurse to find the next EOL and construct our response by adding CR in place of the white space
        SetCRtoEOL = Left(Original, WrapPosition - 1) & Chr(10) & SetCRtoEOL(Right(Original, Len(Original) - WrapPosition), FontName, FontSize, pxAvailW)
    End If
End Function


Function FindMaxPosition(ByVal Text As String, ByVal FontName As String, ByVal FontSize As Variant, ByVal pxAvailW, ByVal WrapPosition As Long) As Long
'Function that finds the maximum number of words fitting in a given space by adding words until it get out of the maximum space
'The function is inteded to work on text with a "guessed" wrap position that fit in the space allowed
'The function is recursive. Each time it guesses a new position and the word still fits in the space, it calls itself with a further WrapPosition
'Parameters :   - Text : The text to fit
'               - FontName : Name of the font
'               - FontSize : Size of the font
'               - pxAvailW : Available width in pixels in wich we need to make the text fit
'               - WrapPosition : The initial wrap position, positionned someware in the text (WrapPosition < len(Text)) but inside pxAvailW
'Return :       - The position were the text must be wraped to put as much words as possible in pxAvailW, but without getting outside of it. If no position can be found, returns 0

    Dim NewWrapPosition As Long
    Static isNthCall As Boolean
    
    'Find next Whitespace position
    NewWrapPosition = InStr(WrapPosition, Text, " ")
            
    If NewWrapPosition = 0 Then Exit Function                                               'We can't find a wrap position, we return 0
    If pxGetStringW(Left(Text, NewWrapPosition - 1), FontName, FontSize) < pxAvailW Then    '-1 not to take into account the last white space
        'It still fits, we can try on more word
        isNthCall = True
        FindMaxPosition = FindMaxPosition(Text, FontName, FontSize, pxAvailW, NewWrapPosition + 1)
    Else
        'It doesnt fit. If it was the first call, we terminate with 0, else we terminate with previous WrapPosition
        If isNthCall Then
            'Not the first call, we have a position to return
            isNthCall = False                               'We reset the static to be ready for next call of the function
            FindMaxPosition = WrapPosition - 1              'Wrap is at the first letter of the word due to the function call FindMax...(...., NewWrapPosition + 1). The real WrapPosition needs to be minored by 1
        Else
            'It's the first call, we return 0 | Strictly speaking we can remove this part as FindMaxPosition is already 0, but it make the algo easier to read
            FindMaxPosition = 0
        End If
    End If
End Function


Function FindMaxPositionRev(ByVal Text As String, ByVal FontName As String, ByVal FontSize As Variant, ByVal pxAvailW, ByVal WrapPosition As Long) As Long
'Function working backward of FindMaxPosition. It finds the maximum number of words fitting in a given space by removing words until it fits the given space
'The function is inteded to work on text with a "guessed" wrap position that fit in the space allowed
'The function is recursive. Each time it guesses a new position and the word still doesn't fit in the space, it calls itself with a closer WrapPosition
'Parameters :   - Text : The text to fit
'               - FontName : Name of the font
'               - FontSize : Size of the font
'               - pxAvailW : Available width in pixels in wich we need to make the text fit
'               - WrapPosition : The initial wrap position, positionned someware in the text (WrapPosition < len(Text)), but outside of pxAvailW
'Return :       - The position were the text must be wraped to put as much words as possible in pxAvailW, but without getting outside of it. If no position can be found, returns 0

    Dim NewWrapPosition As Long
    
    NewWrapPosition = InStrRev(Text, " ", WrapPosition)
    'If we didn't found white space, we are facing a "word" too long to fit pxAvailW, we leave and return 0
    If NewWrapPosition = 0 Then Exit Function
    
    If pxGetStringW(Left(Text, NewWrapPosition - 1), FontName, FontSize) >= pxAvailW Then   '-1 not to take into account the last white space
        'It still doesnt fits, we must try one less word
        FindMaxPositionRev = FindMaxPositionRev(Text, FontName, FontSize, pxAvailW, NewWrapPosition - 1)
    Else
        'It fits, we return the position we found
        FindMaxPositionRev = NewWrapPosition
    End If
End Function

已知限制

只要单元格中的文本只有一种字体和一种字体大小，此代码就会起作用。在这里，我假设字体既不是粗体也不是斜体，但这可以通过添加几个参数轻松处理，因为以像素为单位测量字符串长度的函数已经能够做到这一点。 我做了很多测试，我总是得到与 Excel 工作表的自动换行功能相同的结果，但它可能因一个 Excel 版本而异。我认为它适用于 Excel 2010，我在 2013 年和 2016 年对其进行了成功测试。其他我不知道。 如果您需要处理给定单元格内字体类型和/或属性不同的情况，我认为可以通过使用 range.caracters 属性逐个字符地测试单元格中的文本来实现它。它应该真的很慢，但就目前而言，即使将文本分成近 200 行，也只需要不到一瞬间，所以也许它是可行的。

答案 4 :(得分：-2)

在文本框中输入 Ctrl + Enter

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