我一直想要永远解决这个问题（我是编程新手），我无法理解。
我正在尝试构建一个将测试文件的脚本，并为我提供输出，我可以从中获取“音频格式”等信息，然后我可以将其放入文件名中。但是，我甚至无法让脚本返回任何文件信息。我在插入输入文件时遇到了障碍......
所以在这一点上我只需要帮助它根据我投入的argv吐出信息。希望我能够弄清楚如何从中解析音频信息。
我的尝试似乎很接近：
#!/usr/bin/python
import os, sys, subprocess, shlex, re
from subprocess import call
def probe_file(filename):
p = subprocess.Popen(['/opt/local/bin/ffprobe', '-show_format', '-pretty', '-loglevel quiet', -i filename], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)
print filename
print p.communicate()
[probe_file (f) for f in os.listdir('.') if not f.startswith('.')]
答案 0 :(得分：8)
代码中的问题很少
-i filename，这是语法错误使用'-i '+filename而不是shell=True，这是不必要的负担。除了它似乎有效之外，修复＃1后你没有看到输出吗？
编辑：看起来你遇到了ffprobe命令行的问题，所以我安装了你需要的更改
-i标志，输入文件只是作为最后一个参数传递。-logelevel和logleve quiet的选项作为单独的参数传递，即[..., '-loglevel', 'quiet',..] 所以这些更改之后是一个示例脚本
#!/usr/bin/python
import os, sys, subprocess, shlex, re
from subprocess import call
def probe_file(filename):
cmnd = ['ffprobe', '-show_format', '-pretty', '-loglevel', 'quiet', filename]
p = subprocess.Popen(cmnd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
print filename
out, err = p.communicate()
print "==========output=========="
print out
if err:
print "========= error ========"
print err
probe_file('drop.avi')
我看到正确的输出：
==========output==========
[FORMAT]
filename=drop.avi
nb_streams=1
format_name=avi
format_long_name=AVI format
start_time=0:00:00.000000
duration=0:00:06.066667
size=660.000 Kibyte
bit_rate=891.217 Kbit/s
[/FORMAT]
========= error ========
ffprobe version 0.7.3-4:0.7.3-0ubuntu0.11.10.1, Copyright (c) 2007-2011 the Libav developers
built on Jan 4 2012 16:08:51 with gcc 4.6.1
configuration: --extra-version='4:0.7.3-0ubuntu0.11.10.1' --arch=amd64 --prefix=/usr --enable-vdpau --enable-bzlib --enable-libgsm --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-pthreads --enable-zlib --enable-libvpx --enable-runtime-cpudetect --enable-vaapi --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-swscale --enable-x11grab --enable-libdc1394 --enable-shared --disable-static
libavutil 51. 7. 0 / 51. 7. 0
libavcodec 53. 6. 0 / 53. 6. 0
libavformat 53. 3. 0 / 53. 3. 0
libavdevice 53. 0. 0 / 53. 0. 0
libavfilter 2. 4. 0 / 2. 4. 0
libswscale 2. 0. 0 / 2. 0. 0
libpostproc 52. 0. 0 / 52. 0. 0
Unsupported codec with id 114 for input stream 0
答案 1 :(得分：2)
这是技术我认为它既易于使用又易于解析（使用ffmpeg 3.x进行测试）：
import subprocess
import xml.etree
def ffprobe(executable, filename):
'''Runs ``ffprobe`` executable over ``filename``, returns parsed XML
Parameters:
executable (str): Full path leading to ``ffprobe``
filename (str): Full path leading to the file to be probed
Returns:
xml.etree.ElementTree: containing all parsed elements
'''
cmd = [
executable,
'-v', 'quiet',
'-print_format', 'xml', #here is the trick
'-show_format',
'-show_streams',
filename,
]
return xml.etree.ElementTree.fromstring(subprocess.check_output(cmd))
可用数据来自字符串表示，如下所示：
<ffprobe>
<streams>
<stream index="0" codec_name="h264" codec_long_name="H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10" profile="Constrained Baseline" codec_type="video" codec_time_base="1/60" codec_tag_string="avc1" codec_tag="0x31637661" width="560" height="320" coded_width="560" coded_height="320" has_b_frames="0" sample_aspect_ratio="0:1" display_aspect_ratio="0:1" pix_fmt="yuv420p" level="30" color_range="tv" color_space="bt709" color_transfer="bt709" color_primaries="bt709" chroma_location="left" refs="1" is_avc="true" nal_length_size="4" r_frame_rate="30/1" avg_frame_rate="30/1" time_base="1/90000" start_pts="0" start_time="0.000000" duration_ts="498000" duration="5.533333" bit_rate="465641" bits_per_raw_sample="8" nb_frames="166">
<disposition default="1" dub="0" original="0" comment="0" lyrics="0" karaoke="0" forced="0" hearing_impaired="0" visual_impaired="0" clean_effects="0" attached_pic="0" timed_thumbnails="0"/>
<tag key="creation_time" value="2010-03-20T21:29:11.000000Z"/>
<tag key="language" value="und"/>
<tag key="encoder" value="JVT/AVC Coding"/>
</stream>
<stream>...</stream>
</streams>
<format filename="/Users/andre/Projects/qnap/librarian/librarian/data/movie.mp4" nb_streams="2" nb_programs="0" format_name="mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2" format_long_name="QuickTime / MOV" start_time="0.000000" duration="5.568000" size="383631" bit_rate="551193" probe_score="100">
<tag key="major_brand" value="mp42"/>
<tag key="minor_version" value="0"/>
<tag key="compatible_brands" value="mp42isomavc1"/>
<tag key="creation_time" value="2010-03-20T21:29:11.000000Z"/>
<tag key="encoder" value="HandBrake 0.9.4 2009112300"/>
</format>
</ffprobe>
答案 2 :(得分：1)
您可以使用ffprobe-python模块（https://github.com/gbstack/ffprobe-python）。该模块与Python 3兼容。
或使用pip安装
pip install ffprobe-python
用法
from ffprobe import FFProbe
metadata = FFProbe("test.mp4")
答案 3 :(得分：1)
ffprobe的json输出非常简单，可以在python中解析，而无需安装第三方库。
#!/usr/bin/env python
import argparse
import subprocess
import sys
from pathlib import Path
from typing import NamedTuple
class FFProbeResult(NamedTuple):
return_code: int
json: str
error: str
def ffprobe(file_path) -> FFProbeResult:
command_array = ["ffprobe",
"-v", "quiet",
"-print_format", "json",
"-show_format",
"-show_streams",
file_path]
result = subprocess.run(command_array, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
return FFProbeResult(return_code=result.returncode,
json=result.stdout,
error=result.stderr)
示例用法，回显生成的json字符串：
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='View ffprobe output')
parser.add_argument('-i', '--input', help='File Name', required=True)
args = parser.parse_args()
if not Path(args.input).is_file():
print("could not read file: " + args.input)
exit(1)
print('File: {}'.format(args.input))
ffprobe_result = ffprobe(file_path=args.input))
if ffprobe_result.return_code == 0:
# Print the raw json string
print(ffprobe_result.json)
# or print a summary of each stream
d = json.loads(ffprobe_result.json)
streams = d.get("streams", [])
for stream in streams:
print(f'{stream.get("codec_type", "unknown")}: {stream.get("codec_long_name")}')
else:
print("ERROR")
print(ffprobe_result.error, file=sys.stderr)
所以：
$ ./ffprobe.py -i input.mp4
File: input.mp4
{
"streams": [
{
"index": 0,
"codec_name": "h264",
"codec_long_name": "H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10",
"profile": "High",
"codec_type": "video",
"codec_time_base": "1001/48000",
"codec_tag_string": "avc1",
"codec_tag": "0x31637661",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"coded_width": 1920,
"coded_height": 1088,
"has_b_frames": 2,
"pix_fmt": "yuv420p",
"level": 40,
"color_range": "tv",
"color_space": "bt709",
"color_transfer": "bt709",
"color_primaries": "bt709",
"chroma_location": "left",
"refs": 1,
"is_avc": "true",
"nal_length_size": "4",
"r_frame_rate": "24000/1001",
"avg_frame_rate": "24000/1001",
"time_base": "1/24000",
"start_pts": 0,
"start_time": "0.000000",
"duration_ts": 442440,
"duration": "18.435000",
"bit_rate": "4970031",
"bits_per_raw_sample": "8",
"nb_frames": "442",
"disposition": {
"default": 1,
"dub": 0,
"original": 0,
"comment": 0,
"lyrics": 0,
"karaoke": 0,
"forced": 0,
"hearing_impaired": 0,
"visual_impaired": 0,
"clean_effects": 0,
"attached_pic": 0,
"timed_thumbnails": 0
},
"tags": {
"creation_time": "2020-05-20T15:37:59.000000Z",
"language": "und",
"handler_name": "L-SMASH Video Handler",
"encoder": "AVC Coding"
}
},
{
"index": 1,
"codec_name": "aac",
"codec_long_name": "AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)",
"profile": "LC",
"codec_type": "audio",
"codec_time_base": "1/48000",
"codec_tag_string": "mp4a",
"codec_tag": "0x6134706d",
"sample_fmt": "fltp",
"sample_rate": "48000",
"channels": 2,
"channel_layout": "stereo",
"bits_per_sample": 0,
"r_frame_rate": "0/0",
"avg_frame_rate": "0/0",
"time_base": "1/48000",
"start_pts": 0,
"start_time": "0.000000",
"duration_ts": 885760,
"duration": "18.453333",
"bit_rate": "137011",
"max_bit_rate": "140304",
"nb_frames": "865",
"disposition": {
"default": 1,
"dub": 0,
"original": 0,
"comment": 0,
"lyrics": 0,
"karaoke": 0,
"forced": 0,
"hearing_impaired": 0,
"visual_impaired": 0,
"clean_effects": 0,
"attached_pic": 0,
"timed_thumbnails": 0
},
"tags": {
"creation_time": "2020-05-20T15:37:59.000000Z",
"language": "und",
"handler_name": "L-SMASH Audio Handler"
}
}
],
"format": {
"filename": "input.mp4",
"nb_streams": 2,
"nb_programs": 0,
"format_name": "mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2",
"format_long_name": "QuickTime / MOV",
"start_time": "0.000000",
"duration": "18.453333",
"size": "11779747",
"bit_rate": "5106826",
"probe_score": 100,
"tags": {
"major_brand": "mp42",
"minor_version": "0",
"compatible_brands": "mp42mp41isomavc1",
"creation_time": "2020-05-20T15:37:59.000000Z"
}
}
}
video: H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10
audio: AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)
答案 4 :(得分：0)
有用于Python（https://pypi.org/project/ffprobe/）的FFProbe包装器。
您可以轻松安装它：(sudo) pip install ffprobe
典型用法：
from ffprobe import FFProbe
metadata = FFProbe("example.mp4")
FFProbe的替代方法是pymediainfo库（https://pymediainfo.readthedocs.io/en/stable/）。您可以在文档站点中找到用法。
答案 5 :(得分：0)
我对@mikebridg代码进行了一些改进以满足我的需要，在这里对任何人都有用。如果有人对代码样式/错误有意见，欢迎您...我从未进行过任何外部代码审查：S
class FFProbeResult:
def __init__(self, return_code: int = None, output: str = '', error: str = '', format=None):
self.return_code = return_code
self.output = output
self.error = error
self.format = format
self._output_as_dict = None
def get_output_as_dict(self):
if self._output_as_dict is None:
if self.format == 'json':
self._output_as_dict = json.loads(self.output)
elif self.format == 'flat':
output = [e.split('=') for e in self.output.strip().split('\n')]
self._output_as_dict = {key_val[0]: key_val[1] for key_val in output}
else:
raise ValueError("ffprobe format '%s' not supported to build dict" % self.format)
return self._output_as_dict
def to_json_file(self, path: Path, mode='w', **kwargs):
"""
:param mode: file open mode
:param kwargs: kwargs for pathlib.Path().open()
"""
path = path if isinstance(path, Path) else Path(path)
with path.open(mode, **kwargs) as f:
json.dump(self.get_output_as_dict(), f, indent=4)
logger.debug('Dumped ffprobe output into %s', path)
def ffprobe(file_path, ffprobe_format="json", format_optn='', log_level='error') -> FFProbeResult:
assert ffprobe_format in ['json', 'flat'], "format must be json or flat, not %s" % ffprobe_format
format_optn = '=' + format_optn if format_optn else format_optn
command_array = ["ffprobe",
"-v", log_level,
"-print_format", ffprobe_format + format_optn,
'-show_programs',
"-show_format",
"-show_streams",
f"{file_path}"]
try:
result = subprocess.run(command_array, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
except Exception as e:
logger.critical("ffprobe failed to run on %s, with the following error: '%s'\n"
" check first that cmd is in your path",
file_path, result.stderr, exc_info=True)
raise e
return FFProbeResult(return_code=result.returncode,
output=result.stdout,
error=result.stderr,
format=ffprobe_format)
答案 6 :(得分：0)
终端中的单行：
ffprobe -v quiet -print_format json -show_format -show_streams "foobar.mp4" > "foobar.mp4.json"
因此，您可以简单地：
#!/usr/bin/python3
import subprocess
import json
def probe_file(filename):
command_line = ['ffprobe', '-v', 'quiet', '-print_format', 'json', '-show_format', '-show_streams', f"{filename}"]
p = subprocess.Popen(command_line, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
print(filename) # * Sanity check *
out, err = p.communicate()
if len(out)>0: # ** if result okay
print("==========output==========")
result = json.loads(out)
else:
result = {}
if err:
print("========= error ========")
print(err)
return result
result_json = probe_file('/foo/bar.mov')
print(json.dumps(result_json, indent=2))
注意：我用过 this example。 您可以从 github 克隆代码并将其用作模块：
#python3
from ffprobe_json import ffprobe
ffprobe_result, error = ffprobe(file_path="/your/media_file.mp4", quiet=True)