Spring @Autowired OK on JUnit，NPE on main class

Question

我有一个在this github上托管的开源项目。我面临一个奇怪的场景。我发现许多人可以使@Autowired Spring注释在他们的主类上工作，但不能在他们的JUnit测试类上工作。我的问题是另一种方式。我可以在我的JUnit测试类中成功使用@Autowired，但是当测试调用我的主类时，依赖关系不会被注入。这是我的上下文（简化版）：

登录类：

package net.openrally.restaurant.core.exposure.resource;

@Path("/login")
@Component
@Transactional
@Singleton
@Produces("application/json")
@Consumes("application/json")
public class Login extends BaseResource{

    @Autowired
    private UserDAO userDAO;

    @POST
    public Response post(String requestBody){

        ...

        //NullPointerException
        User user = userDAO.loadByCompanyIdAndLogin(companyId, login);
    }

    ...

}

LoginTest Class：

package net.openrally.restaurant.core.exposure.resource;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("/applicationContext.xml")
public class LoginTest extends BaseResourceTest {

    @Autowired
    private UserDAO userDAO;

    ...

    @Test
    public void testInvalidPassword() {

    ....

    // Works perfectly!
    userDAO.save(user);

    ....

    }

}

的applicationContext.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

    <bean id="propertyConfigurer"
        class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="locations">
            <list>
                <value>classpath:configuration.properties</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <context:annotation-config />
    <context:component-scan base-package="net.openrally.restaurant.core" />

    <import resource="db-config.xml" />
</beans>

我正在寻找解决方案几天了。从我到目前为止发现的情况来看，大多数@Autowired个问题的人在他们的spring xml中没有<context:annotation-config />或xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"或者没有@Component家族注释他们希望DI发生的类，正如你所看到的，他们都在那里:(。我的项目中只有一个applicationContext.xml适合运行时和测试（我有不同的configuration.properties来设置数据库凭据和日志级别不同，但没有弹簧配置）

我正在使用：

Spring: 3.1.0.RELEASE
JUnit: 4.10
Jersey: 1.11
CLIB: 2.2.2

任何想法，我的意思是任何:)，非常感谢。

更新

运行测试时会出现以下日志：

2012-03-27 07:37:02,457 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating shared instance of singleton bean 'login'
2012-03-27 07:37:02,457 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Creating instance of bean 'login'
2012-03-27 07:37:02,459 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata - Found injected element on class [net.openrally.restaurant.core.exposure.resource.Login]: AutowiredFieldElement for private net.openrally.restaurant.core.persistence.dao.ConfigurationDAO net.openrally.restaurant.core.exposure.resource.Login.configurationDAO
2012-03-27 07:37:02,459 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata - Found injected element on class [net.openrally.restaurant.core.exposure.resource.Login]: AutowiredFieldElement for private net.openrally.restaurant.core.persistence.dao.UserDAO net.openrally.restaurant.core.exposure.resource.Login.userDAO
2012-03-27 07:37:02,459 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Eagerly caching bean 'login' to allow for resolving potential circular references
2012-03-27 07:37:02,459 TRACE [main] org.springframework.beans.CachedIntrospectionResults - Getting BeanInfo for class [net.openrally.restaurant.core.exposure.resource.Login]
2012-03-27 07:37:02,462 TRACE [main] org.springframework.beans.CachedIntrospectionResults - Caching PropertyDescriptors for class [net.openrally.restaurant.core.exposure.resource.Login]
2012-03-27 07:37:02,462 TRACE [main] org.springframework.beans.CachedIntrospectionResults - Found bean property 'class' of type [java.lang.Class]
2012-03-27 07:37:02,462 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata - Processing injected method of bean 'login': AutowiredFieldElement for private net.openrally.restaurant.core.persistence.dao.ConfigurationDAO net.openrally.restaurant.core.exposure.resource.Login.configurationDAO
2012-03-27 07:37:02,462 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'configurationDAO'
2012-03-27 07:37:02,462 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor - Autowiring by type from bean name 'login' to bean named 'configurationDAO'
2012-03-27 07:37:02,463 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata - Processing injected method of bean 'login': AutowiredFieldElement for private net.openrally.restaurant.core.persistence.dao.UserDAO net.openrally.restaurant.core.exposure.resource.Login.userDAO
2012-03-27 07:37:02,463 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory - Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'userDAO'
2012-03-27 07:37:02,463 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor - Autowiring by type from bean name 'login' to bean named 'userDAO'
2012-03-27 07:37:02,464 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator - Creating implicit proxy for bean 'login' with 0 common interceptors and 1 specific interceptors
2012-03-27 07:37:02,464 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.aop.framework.Cglib2AopProxy - Creating CGLIB2 proxy: target source is SingletonTargetSource for target object [net.openrally.restaurant.core.exposure.resource.Login@60532a0a]
2012-03-27 07:37:02,465 DEBUG [main] org.springframework.aop.framework.Cglib2AopProxy - Unable to apply any optimisations to advised method: public javax.ws.rs.core.Response net.openrally.restaurant.core.exposure.resource.Login.post(java.lang.String)

Spring可以正确创建我的bean但Jersey使用自己的非自动装配实例吗？

Answer 1

经过一段时间的研究，我找不到让GrizzlyWeb使用spring加载的上下文的方法，所以我试图找到另一种解决方案。

然后我找到了Hifaces20，它可以让你在同一个JVM中启动和停止一个jetty实例（这意味着你可以使用一个内存数据库，你的测试和你的应用程序）

Answer 2

我遇到了完全相同的问题，后来发现这是一个开发人员问题：）

我正在创建一个新对象，而不是使用spring bean。

让我们说班级MyService自动装配道教班MyDao myDaoBean。现在假设我想在MyService中使用MyController，我应该连接Spring bean myServiceSpringBean。如果我尝试创建一个新的myServiceObject，那么Spring不会将myDaoBean连接到myServiceObject，因为它不知道该新服务对象。

这导致myDaoBean为空。