如何使用Ant创建捆绑的可运行jar

时间:2012-03-26 14:59:31

标签: java ant jar

我看了this question,但它并没有真正解决我的问题,所以我想我会发布一个新问题。

我需要使用Ant创建一个可运行的jar(只需双击即可运行)。我有以下java代码和build.xml文件,它编译代码很好并创建一个jar文件,但是当我尝试通过双击运行jar时,我收到一条消息“无法找到主类:HttpController。的java“。

我怀疑我的问题与加载外部Apache Http.jar有关,因为我已经成功构建并运行了一个相同的项目的jar,除了它没有引用任何外部jar。 / p>

这是我的代码:

HttpController.java:

package pack;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.HttpMessage;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

public class HttpController {
        public static void main(String[] args) {

        DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
        HttpHost httphost = new HttpHost("localhost", 80);

        try {

            HttpMessage req = new HttpGet("/test.html");
            HttpResponse resp = client.execute(httphost, (HttpGet) req);
            HttpEntity entity = resp.getEntity();

            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                    entity.getContent()));

            String line = null;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(line);
            }

        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            // shutdown the connection
            client.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
        }
    }
}

的build.xml:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
    <project name="Test" basedir="." default="jar">
    <property name="source.dir"     value="src"/>
    <property name="lib.dir"        value="lib"/>
    <property name="class.dir"      value="bin"/>
    <property name="jar.dir"        value="dist"/>
    <property name="main-class"     value="pack.HttpController"/>

    <path id="libraries.path">    
        <fileset dir="${lib.dir}">
            <include name="*.jar"/>
        </fileset>
    </path>

    <target name="clean" description="delete old files">
        <delete dir="${class.dir}"/>
        <delete dir="${jar.dir}"/>
    </target>

    <target name="compile" description="build class files" depends="clean">
        <mkdir dir="${class.dir}"/>
        <javac srcdir="${source.dir}" destdir="${class.dir}">
            <classpath refid="libraries.path"/>
        </javac>
    </target>

    <target name="jar" depends="compile">
        <mkdir dir="${jar.dir}"/>
        <mkdir dir="${jar.dir}/${lib.dir}"/>
        <copy todir="${jar.dir}/${lib.dir}" flatten="true">
            <path refid="libraries.path"/>
        </copy>
        <jar destfile="${jar.dir}/${ant.project.name}.jar" basedir="${class.dir}">
            <manifest>
                <attribute name="Main-Class" value="${main-class}"/>
                <attribute name="Class-Path" value="${jar.dir}/${lib.dir}/Apache HTTP.jar"/>
            </manifest>
        </jar>  
    </target>

    <target name="run" depends="jar">
        <java jar="${jar.dir}/${ant.project.name}.jar" fork="true"/>
    </target>
</project>

MANIFEST.MF:

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Ant-Version: Apache Ant 1.8.3
Created-By: 1.6.0_31-b05 (Sun Microsystems Inc.)
Main-Class: HttpController
Class-Path: dist/lib

EDIT build.xml已根据Mike的回答进行了更新。问题仍未解决。还根据Danation的回答发布了清单文件的内容。

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:17)

...剪断

我已经重新编写了build.xml文件,以便在jar文件和Manifest类路径中正确包含这些库。我假设您的“apache http.jar”文件是Apache Core的包装器,并且包含其他几个用于apache客户端的jar文件等。

的build.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<project name="Test" basedir="." default="jar">
    <property name="source.dir"     value="src"/>
    <property name="lib.dir"        value="lib"/>
    <property name="class.dir"      value="bin"/>
    <property name="jar.dir"        value="dist"/>
    <property name="jar.file"        value="${jar.dir}/${ant.project.name}.jar"/>
    <property name="main-class"     value="pack.HttpController"/>

    <path id="libraries.path">    
        <fileset dir="${lib.dir}">
            <include name="*.jar"/>
        </fileset>
    </path>

    <target name="clean" description="delete old files">
        <delete dir="${class.dir}"/>
        <delete dir="${jar.dir}"/>
    </target>

    <target name="compile" description="build class files" depends="clean">
        <mkdir dir="${class.dir}"/>
        <javac srcdir="${source.dir}" destdir="${class.dir}">
            <classpath refid="libraries.path"/>
        </javac>
    </target>

    <target name="jar" depends="compile">
        <mkdir dir="${jar.dir}"/>
        <mkdir dir="${class.dir}/${lib.dir}"/>
        <copy todir="${class.dir}/${lib.dir}" flatten="true">
            <path refid="libraries.path"/>
        </copy>

        <manifestclasspath property="manifest.classpath" jarfile="${jar.file}">
            <classpath refid="libraries.path"/>
        </manifestclasspath>

        <jar destfile="${jar.file}" basedir="${class.dir}">
            <manifest>
                <attribute name="Main-Class" value="${main-class}"/>
                <attribute name="Class-Path" value="${manifest.classpath}"/>
            </manifest>
        </jar>  
    </target>

    <target name="run" depends="jar">
        <java jar="${jar.dir}/${ant.project.name}.jar" fork="true"/>
    </target>

</project>

答案 1 :(得分:5)

您的Class-Path条目错误,您必须单独指定每个jar文件,不能使用.jar文件指定目录(只有.class文件的目录)

这在JAR File specification中有记录,并在Java tutorial

中得到了很好的解释

如果您有两个名为FirstLib.jarSeconLib.jar的库,则Class-Path条目应如下所示:

Class-Path: lib/FirstLib.jar lib/SecondLib.jar 

修改
在build.xml中,这看起来像这样:

<jar destfile="${jar.dir}/${ant.project.name}.jar" basedir="${class.dir}">
    <manifest>
        <attribute name="Main-Class" value="${main-class}"/>
        <attribute name="Class-Path" value="${lib.dir}/FirstLib.jar ${lib.dir}/SecondLib.jar"/>
    </manifest>
</jar>

答案 2 :(得分:1)

这是制作可执行jar文件的一般解决方案,但这是我使用的代码:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--
  Any words or attribute values which are capitalized and separated by
  underscores are places where you add the data.

  Example: PROJECT_NAME, enter your project name
-->

<project name="PROJECT_NAME" default="jar" basedir=".">
    <!-- source code package -->
    <property name="src" value="SOURCE_CODE_FOLDER"/>

    <!-- classes folder (will be deleted) -->
    <property name="cls" value="classes"/>

    <!-- the directory of the jar file -->
    <property name="jar.dir" value="JAR_FILE_DIRECTORY"/>

    <!-- the jar file itself -->
    <property name="jar.file" value="${jar.dir}/${ant.project.name}-launch.jar"/>

    <!-- the fully qualified name of the main class -->
    <property name="main" value="PATH.TO.MAIN_CLASS"/>

    <!-- initialization -->
    <target name="-init">

        <!-- the class folder* -->
        <mkdir dir="${cls}"/>

        <!-- the jar directory -->
        <mkdir dir="${jar.dir}"/>
    </target>

    <!-- compiling of files -->
    <target name="-post-init-comp" depends="-init">

        <!--
          turn all of the source java classes into class files
          located in the directory we made*
        -->
        <javac srcdir="${src}" destdir="${cls}"/>
    </target>

    <!-- creation of the jar file -->
    <target name="jar" depends="-post-init-comp">

        <!-- make the executable jar -->
        <jar destfile="${jar.file}" basedir="${cls}">
            <manifest>

                <attribute name="Manifest-Version" value="1.0"/>
                <attribute name="Ant-Version" value="Apache Ant 1.8.3"/>

                <attribute name="Main-Class" value="${main}"/>

                <!--
                  for some reason, this is needed for me in order
                  to have the jar function right
                -->
                <attribute name="Class-Path" value="${main}"/>

                <!-- Any other mainfest data is added here -->

            </manifest>
        </jar>

        <!-- remove the class folder -->
        <delete dir="${cls}"/>
    </target>
</project>

我已经使用这个结构来制作许多不同的可执行jar文件,而且它比你拥有的更简单: - )

放在jar标签下的清单标签中的所有数据将成为包含给定数据的自动生成的清单文件。

答案 3 :(得分:0)

看看你的清单文件,它很可能是一个问题。我只是在清单文件不正确时才看到错误。

只是推测,但我认为它正在尝试运行一个“.java”文件,因为它是主要的类,但这不会起作用。

请参阅oracle教程:http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/deployment/jar/appman.html

如果这根本没有帮助,请在原始问题中发布清单文件的内容以及.jar文件的目录结构。