如何在C语言中“调用”fortran例程中分配一个数组

时间:2012-03-13 03:25:38

标签: c memory-management fortran fortran-iso-c-binding

我认为头衔说我需要什么。我知道我们可以使用“asd”函数来执行此操作,但由于某些原因,我需要在Fortran中进行分配(即在子例程“asd_”中)。这是C代码:

#include <stdio.h>

void asd(float **c) {
  *c = (float *) malloc (2*sizeof(float));
  **c =123;
  *(*c+1)=1234;
}

void asd_(float **c);

main () {
  float *c;
  asd_(&c);
// asd(&c); would do the job perfectly
  printf("%f %f \n",c[0],c[1]);
  return 0;
}

这是Fortran代码:

  subroutine asd(c)

  implicit none

  real, pointer, allocatable ::c(:)

  print *, associated(c)
  if(.not. associated(c))  allocate(c(2))

  end subroutine 

这随机给出了分段错误。任何帮助将不胜感激。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:10)

Fortran 2003 ISO C Binding提供了一种可移植的方法。它在许多编译器中实现。这是示例代码。

#include <stdio.h>

void test_mem_alloc ( float ** array );

int main ( void ) {

   float * array;
   test_mem_alloc (&array);

   printf ( "Values are: %f %f\n", array [0], array [1] );

   return 0;
}

subroutine test_mem_alloc ( c_array_ptr ) bind (C, name="test_mem_alloc")

   use, intrinsic :: iso_c_binding
   implicit none

   type (c_ptr), intent (out) :: c_array_ptr
   real (c_float), allocatable, dimension (:), target, save :: FortArray

   allocate (FortArray (1:2) )
   FortArray = [ 2.5_c_float, 4.4_c_float ]

   c_array_ptr = c_loc (FortArray)

end subroutine test_mem_alloc

答案 1 :(得分:1)

如果您想使用Fortran内部类型,这也是另一种解决方案。这是我的情况,因为我需要使用预先指定的数据类型从外部库调用例程。这基本上是使用包装器Fortran子例程完成的。这是C代码:

void mywrap_(void **);
void myprint_(void *);

main () {
  void *d;
  mywrap_(&d);
  myprint_(d);
  return 0;
}

这是包装器:

  subroutine mywrap(b)
  implicit none
  include "h.h"     
  type(st), target, save :: a
  integer, pointer :: b
  interface 
     subroutine alloc(a)
        include "h.h"
        type(st) a
     end subroutine alloc
  end interface

  call alloc(a)
  b => a%i
  end

Fortran代码:

  subroutine alloc(a)
  implicit none 
  include "h.h"
  type(st) a

  a%i = 2
  a%r = 1.5
  if (allocated(a%s)) deallocate(a%s)
  allocate(a%s(2))
  a%s(1) = 1.23
  a%s(2) = 1234
  end
  !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
  subroutine myprint(a)
  implicit none
  include "h.h"     
  type(st) a

  print *,"INT: ", a%i
  print *,"REAL: ", a%r
  print *,"ALLOC: ", a%s
  end

头文件“h.h”:

  type st
     sequence
     integer i
     real r
     real, allocatable :: s(:)
  end type

注意,这样C中的所有对象都是不透明的。

答案 2 :(得分:1)

如果您需要线程安全的解决方案和/或再次从C释放空间的可能性,下面的示例将完成这项工作:

#include <stdio.h>

void test_mem_alloc(float ** array, void **wrapper);
void free_wrapper(void **wrapper);

int main()
{

  float *array;
  void *wrapper;

  /* Allocates space in Fortran. */
  test_mem_alloc(&array, &wrapper);
  printf( "Values are: %f %f\n", array [0], array [1]);
  /* Deallocates space allocated in Fortran */
  free_wrapper(&wrapper);

  return 0;
}

在Fortran端,您有一个通用的包装器类型CWrapper,它可以携带任何类型的派生类型。后者包含您想要传递的数据。 CWrapper类型接受任意有效负载,您总是从C调用free_wrapper()例程来释放内存。

module memalloc
  use, intrinsic :: iso_c_binding
  implicit none

  type :: CWrapper
    class(*), allocatable :: data
  end type CWrapper

  type :: CfloatArray
    real(c_float), allocatable :: array(:)
  end type CfloatArray

contains

  subroutine test_mem_alloc(c_array_ptr, wrapper_ptr)&
      & bind(C, name="test_mem_alloc")
    type (c_ptr), intent (out) :: c_array_ptr
    type(c_ptr), intent(out) :: wrapper_ptr

    type(CWrapper), pointer :: wrapper

    allocate(wrapper)
    allocate(CfloatArray :: wrapper%data)
    select type (data => wrapper%data)
    type is (CfloatArray)
      allocate(data%array(2))
      data%array(:) = [2.5_c_float, 4.4_c_float]
      c_array_ptr = c_loc(data%array)
    end select
    wrapper_ptr = c_loc(wrapper)

  end subroutine test_mem_alloc


  subroutine free_cwrapper(wrapper_ptr) bind(C, name='free_wrapper')
    type(c_ptr), intent(inout) :: wrapper_ptr

    type(CWrapper), pointer :: wrapper

    call c_f_pointer(wrapper_ptr, wrapper)
    deallocate(wrapper)

  end subroutine free_cwrapper

end module memalloc