我有以下代码:
class Animal(hair: Option[Hair])
class Cat(var hair: Option[Hair]) extends Animal(hair)
class Dog(var hair: Option[Hair]) extends Animal(hair)
class Sheep(var hair: Option[Hair]) extends Animal(hair)
//then somewhere else:
def what(animal: Animal) {
animal match {
case Cat(hair) => println("processing cat, hair=" + hair)
case Dog(hair) => println("processing dog, hair=" + hair)
case Sheep(hair) => {
println("processing sheep, cutting hair...")
hair = None
}
}
}
问题是:
1)当模式匹配与绵羊成功时,我怎样才能进入它的头发并改变它?它抱怨重新分配到val,然后我将var
放在构造函数中但仍然......
2)我能想到的另一种方法是将整个匹配值分配给变量,有没有办法将一些case类构造函数模式匹配的值绑定到变量?
(我知道我可能会对s: Sheep
之类的内容进行匹配,然后调用s.changeHairTo(None)
,但这是最不可取的方式。)
答案 0 :(得分:25)
您可以使用@
将整个模式绑定到版本中的变量
class Animal(hair: Option[Hair])
case class Cat(var hair: Option[Hair]) extends Animal(hair)
case class Dog(var hair: Option[Hair]) extends Animal(hair)
case class Sheep(var hair: Option[Hair]) extends Animal(hair)
def what(animal: Animal) {
animal match {
case Cat(hair) => println("processing cat, hair=" + hair)
case Dog(hair) => println("processing dog, hair=" + hair)
case s @ Sheep(hair) => {
println("processing sheep, cutting hair...")
//cut(hair)
s.hair = None
}
}
}
但您不必使用var
。这是您的代码段的更多功能版本。 what
此处只需在切割后Sheep
None
返回Hair
。
trait Animal
case class Cat(hair: Option[Hair]) extends Animal
case class Dog(hair: Option[Hair]) extends Animal
case class Sheep(hair: Option[Hair]) extends Animal
def what(animal: Animal): Animal =
animal match {
case Cat(hair) =>
println("processing cat, hair=" + hair)
animal
case Dog(hair) =>
println("processing dog, hair=" + hair)
animal
case Sheep(hair) => {
println("processing sheep, cutting hair...")
//cut(hair)
Sheep(None)
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:4)
这不起作用,因为在模式匹配中,var“hair”只是从Sheep对象中提取的,因此它不是Sheep的字段,而是case块上下文中的变量。你可以这样做:
class Hair
trait Animal {
var hair: Option[Hair]
}
case class Cat(var hair: Option[Hair]) extends Animal
case class Dog(var hair: Option[Hair]) extends Animal
case class Sheep(var hair: Option[Hair]) extends Animal
//then somewhere else:
def what(animal: Animal) {
animal match {
case Cat(hair) => println("processing cat, hair=" + hair)
case Dog(hair) => println("processing dog, hair=" + hair)
case Sheep(hair) => {
println("processing sheep, cutting hair...")
animal.hair = None
}
}
}
告诉Animal它有一个可变的领域头发,您可以设置它而不将其转换为正确的类型。