使用Java 6注释处理器获取泛型类型的限定类名

时间:2012-03-06 15:56:57

标签: java generics annotations annotation-processing

我正在使用JDK 6的Annotation Processing API开发一个小代码生成器,并试图获取类中字段的实际泛型类型。为了更清楚,我们假设我有一个这样的课程:

@MyAnnotation
public class User {         
    private String id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private Set<Role> roles = new HashSet<Role>();
    private UserProfile profile;
}

这是我的注释处理器类:

@SupportedAnnotationTypes({ "xxx.MyAnnotation" })
@SupportedSourceVersion(SourceVersion.RELEASE_6)
public class MongoDocumentAnnotationProcessor extends AbstractProcessor {

    private Types typeUtils = null;
    private Elements elementUtils = null;

    @Override
    public synchronized void init(ProcessingEnvironment processingEnv) {
        super.init(processingEnv);
        typeUtils = processingEnv.getTypeUtils();
        elementUtils = processingEnv.getElementUtils();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean process(Set<? extends TypeElement> annotations, RoundEnvironment roundEnv) {
        debug("Running " + getClass().getSimpleName());
        if (roundEnv.processingOver() || annotations.size() == 0) {
            return false;
        }
        for (Element element : roundEnv.getRootElements()) {
            if (element.getKind() == ElementKind.CLASS && isAnnotatedWithMongoDocument(element)) {
                for (VariableElement variableElement : ElementFilter.fieldsIn(element.getEnclosedElements())) {
                    String fieldName = variableElement.getSimpleName().toString();
                    Element innerElement = typeUtils.asElement(variableElement.asType());
                    String fieldClass = "";
                    if (innerElement == null) { // Primitive type
                        PrimitiveType primitiveType = (PrimitiveType) variableElement.asType();
                        fieldClass = typeUtils.boxedClass(primitiveType).getQualifiedName().toString();
                    } else {
                        if (innerElement instanceof TypeElement) {
                            TypeElement typeElement = (TypeElement) innerElement;
                            fieldClass = typeElement.getQualifiedName().toString();
                            TypeElement collectionType = elementUtils.getTypeElement("java.util.Collection");
                            if (typeUtils.isAssignable(typeElement.asType(), collectionType.asType())) {
                                TypeVariable typeMirror = (TypeVariable)((DeclaredType)typeElement.asType()).getTypeArguments().get(0);
                                TypeParameterElement typeParameterElement = (TypeParameterElement) typeUtils.asElement(typeMirror);
                                // I am stuck here. I don't know how to get the
                                // full qualified class name of the generic type of
                                // property 'roles' when the code processes the User
                                // class as above. What I want to retrieve is the
                                // 'my.package.Role' value
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    private boolean isAnnotated(Element element) {
        List<? extends AnnotationMirror> annotationMirrors = element.getAnnotationMirrors();
        if (annotationMirrors == null || annotationMirrors.size() == 0) return false;
        for (AnnotationMirror annotationMirror : annotationMirrors) {
            String qualifiedName = ((TypeElement)annotationMirror.getAnnotationType().asElement()).getQualifiedName().toString();
            if ("xxx.MyAnnotation".equals(qualifiedName)) return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

任何提示都会非常感激!

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:10)

original answer的复制粘贴:

这似乎是一个常见的问题,对于那些来自谷歌的人来说:有希望。

Dagger DI项目根据Apache 2.0许可证授权,并包含一些实用程序方法,用于处理注释处理器中的类型。

特别是,可以在GitHub(Util.java)上完整查看Util类,并定义方法public static String typeToString(TypeMirror type)。它使用TypeVisitor和一些递归调用来构建类型的字符串表示。这是一个参考片段:

public static void typeToString(final TypeMirror type, final StringBuilder result, final char innerClassSeparator)
{
    type.accept(new SimpleTypeVisitor6<Void, Void>()
    {
        @Override
        public Void visitDeclared(DeclaredType declaredType, Void v)
        {
            TypeElement typeElement = (TypeElement) declaredType.asElement();

            rawTypeToString(result, typeElement, innerClassSeparator);

            List<? extends TypeMirror> typeArguments = declaredType.getTypeArguments();
            if (!typeArguments.isEmpty())
            {
                result.append("<");
                for (int i = 0; i < typeArguments.size(); i++)
                {
                    if (i != 0)
                    {
                        result.append(", ");
                    }

                    // NOTE: Recursively resolve the types
                    typeToString(typeArguments.get(i), result, innerClassSeparator);
                }

                result.append(">");
            }

            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public Void visitPrimitive(PrimitiveType primitiveType, Void v) { ... }

        @Override
        public Void visitArray(ArrayType arrayType, Void v) { ... }

        @Override
        public Void visitTypeVariable(TypeVariable typeVariable, Void v) 
        {
            result.append(typeVariable.asElement().getSimpleName());
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public Void visitError(ErrorType errorType, Void v) { ... }

        @Override
        protected Void defaultAction(TypeMirror typeMirror, Void v) { ... }
    }, null);
}

我忙于自己的项目,它会生成类扩展。 Dagger方法适用于复杂情况,包括通用内部类。我有以下结果:

我的测试类包含要扩展的字段:

public class AnnotationTest
{
    ...

    public static class A
    {
        @MyAnnotation
        private Set<B<Integer>> _bs;
    }

    public static class B<T>
    {
        private T _value;
    }
}

Element处理器上调用Dagger方法提供_bs字段:

accessor.type = DaggerUtils.typeToString(element.asType());

生成的源(当然是自定义的)。请注意令人敬畏的嵌套泛型类型。

public java.util.Set<AnnotationTest.B<java.lang.Integer>> AnnotationTest.A.getBsGenerated()
{
    return this._bs;
}

编辑:调整概念以提取第一个泛型参数的TypeMirror,否则返回null:

public static TypeMirror getGenericType(final TypeMirror type)
{
    final TypeMirror[] result = { null };

    type.accept(new SimpleTypeVisitor6<Void, Void>()
    {
        @Override
        public Void visitDeclared(DeclaredType declaredType, Void v)
        {
            List<? extends TypeMirror> typeArguments = declaredType.getTypeArguments();
            if (!typeArguments.isEmpty())
            {
                result[0] = typeArguments.get(0);
            }
            return null;
        }
        @Override
        public Void visitPrimitive(PrimitiveType primitiveType, Void v)
        {
            return null;
        }
        @Override
        public Void visitArray(ArrayType arrayType, Void v)
        {
            return null;
        }
        @Override
        public Void visitTypeVariable(TypeVariable typeVariable, Void v)
        {
            return null;
        }
        @Override
        public Void visitError(ErrorType errorType, Void v)
        {
            return null;
        }
        @Override
        protected Void defaultAction(TypeMirror typeMirror, Void v)
        {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        }
    }, null);

    return result[0];
}

答案 1 :(得分:3)

看起来有几个问题。一,isAssignable()不按预期工作。其次,在上面的代码中,您试图获取Set类型(T)的泛型参数,而不是变量声明(Role)。

尽管如此,以下代码应该展示您的需求:

@SupportedAnnotationTypes({ "xxx.MyAnnotation" })
@SupportedSourceVersion(SourceVersion.RELEASE_6)
public class MongoDocumentAnnotationProcessor extends AbstractProcessor {
    @Override
    public synchronized void init(ProcessingEnvironment processingEnv) {
        super.init(processingEnv);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean process(Set<? extends TypeElement> annotations, RoundEnvironment roundEnv) {
        if (roundEnv.processingOver() || annotations.size() == 0) {
            return false;
        }
        for (Element element : roundEnv.getRootElements()) {
            if (element.getKind() == ElementKind.CLASS && isAnnotatedWithMongoDocument(element)) {
                System.out.println("Running " + getClass().getSimpleName());
                for (VariableElement variableElement : ElementFilter.fieldsIn(element.getEnclosedElements())) {
                    if(variableElement.asType() instanceof DeclaredType){
                        DeclaredType declaredType = (DeclaredType) variableElement.asType();

                        for (TypeMirror typeMirror : declaredType.getTypeArguments()) {
                            System.out.println(typeMirror.toString());
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return true;  //processed
    }

    private boolean isAnnotatedWithMongoDocument(Element element) {
        return element.getAnnotation(MyAnnotation.class) != null;
    }
}

此代码应输出:

xxx.Role

答案 2 :(得分:1)

所有其他答案,同时有很多好处。不要向你展示你遇到的问题及其解决方案。

代码中的问题在这里

TypeElement collectionType = elementUtils.getTypeElement("java.util.Collection");
if (typeUtils.isAssignable(typeElement.asType(), collectionType.asType())) {
...

您的类型不会延伸java.util.Collection,而是java.util.Collection<*>。让我们重写上面的块以反映这一点:

WildcardType WILDCARD_TYPE_NULL = this.typeUtils.getWildcardType(null, null);
final TypeElement collectionTypeElement = this.elementUtils.getTypeElement(Collection.class.getName());
TypeMirror[] typex = {WILDCARD_TYPE_NULL};
DeclaredType collectionType=this.typeUtils.getDeclaredType(collectionTypeElement, typex);
if (typeUtils.isAssignable(typeElement.asType(), collectionType)){ 
 ...

那应该让它发挥作用