在ASP.NET中有一个System.Web.HttpRequest
类,其中包含ServerVariables
属性,可以为我们提供REMOTE_ADDR
属性值的IP地址。
但是,我找不到类似的方法从ASP.NET Web API获取远程主机的IP地址。
如何获取发出请求的远程主机的IP地址?
答案 0 :(得分:183)
可以这样做,但不是很容易被发现 - 你需要使用传入请求中的属性包,你需要访问的属性取决于你是在IIS(webhosted)下使用Web API还是自己-hosted。下面的代码显示了如何做到这一点。
private string GetClientIp(HttpRequestMessage request)
{
if (request.Properties.ContainsKey("MS_HttpContext"))
{
return ((HttpContextWrapper)request.Properties["MS_HttpContext"]).Request.UserHostAddress;
}
if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(RemoteEndpointMessageProperty.Name))
{
RemoteEndpointMessageProperty prop;
prop = (RemoteEndpointMessageProperty)request.Properties[RemoteEndpointMessageProperty.Name];
return prop.Address;
}
return null;
}
答案 1 :(得分:73)
此解决方案还涵盖使用Owin自托管的Web API。部分来自here。
您可以在ApiController
中创建一个私有方法,无论您如何托管Web API,它都将返回远程IP地址:
private const string HttpContext = "MS_HttpContext";
private const string RemoteEndpointMessage =
"System.ServiceModel.Channels.RemoteEndpointMessageProperty";
private const string OwinContext = "MS_OwinContext";
private string GetClientIp(HttpRequestMessage request)
{
// Web-hosting
if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(HttpContext ))
{
HttpContextWrapper ctx =
(HttpContextWrapper)request.Properties[HttpContext];
if (ctx != null)
{
return ctx.Request.UserHostAddress;
}
}
// Self-hosting
if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(RemoteEndpointMessage))
{
RemoteEndpointMessageProperty remoteEndpoint =
(RemoteEndpointMessageProperty)request.Properties[RemoteEndpointMessage];
if (remoteEndpoint != null)
{
return remoteEndpoint.Address;
}
}
// Self-hosting using Owin
if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(OwinContext))
{
OwinContext owinContext = (OwinContext)request.Properties[OwinContext];
if (owinContext != null)
{
return owinContext.Request.RemoteIpAddress;
}
}
return null;
}
所需参考:
HttpContextWrapper
- System.Web.dll RemoteEndpointMessageProperty
- System.ServiceModel.dll OwinContext
- Microsoft.Owin.dll(如果您使用Owin包,您将拥有它)此解决方案的一个小问题是,当您在运行时实际只使用其中一个时,必须为所有3个案例加载库。根据建议here,可以使用dynamic
变量来克服这个问题。您还可以将GetClientIpAddress
方法写为HttpRequestMethod
的扩展名。
using System.Net.Http;
public static class HttpRequestMessageExtensions
{
private const string HttpContext = "MS_HttpContext";
private const string RemoteEndpointMessage =
"System.ServiceModel.Channels.RemoteEndpointMessageProperty";
private const string OwinContext = "MS_OwinContext";
public static string GetClientIpAddress(this HttpRequestMessage request)
{
// Web-hosting. Needs reference to System.Web.dll
if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(HttpContext))
{
dynamic ctx = request.Properties[HttpContext];
if (ctx != null)
{
return ctx.Request.UserHostAddress;
}
}
// Self-hosting. Needs reference to System.ServiceModel.dll.
if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(RemoteEndpointMessage))
{
dynamic remoteEndpoint = request.Properties[RemoteEndpointMessage];
if (remoteEndpoint != null)
{
return remoteEndpoint.Address;
}
}
// Self-hosting using Owin. Needs reference to Microsoft.Owin.dll.
if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(OwinContext))
{
dynamic owinContext = request.Properties[OwinContext];
if (owinContext != null)
{
return owinContext.Request.RemoteIpAddress;
}
}
return null;
}
}
现在您可以像这样使用它:
public class TestController : ApiController
{
[HttpPost]
[ActionName("TestRemoteIp")]
public string TestRemoteIp()
{
return Request.GetClientIpAddress();
}
}
答案 2 :(得分:30)
如果你真的想要一个单行并且不打算自托管Web API:
((System.Web.HttpContextWrapper)Request.Properties["MS_HttpContext"]).Request.UserHostAddress;
答案 3 :(得分:13)
以上答案需要引用System.Web才能将属性强制转换为HttpContext或HttpContextWrapper。如果您不想参考,您可以使用动态获取IP:
var host = ((dynamic)request.Properties["MS_HttpContext"]).Request.UserHostAddress;
答案 4 :(得分:1)
当服务器位于代理或负载均衡器之后时,标记的解决方案将返回代理的内部 IP 地址。在这种情况下,我们的生产环境使用了负载平衡器,而我们的开发和测试环境没有使用,因此我修改了标记的解决方案,以在同一代码中适应这两种情况。
public string GetSourceIp(HttpRequestMessage httpRequestMessage)
{
string result = string.Empty;
// Detect X-Forwarded-For header
if (httpRequestMessage.Headers.TryGetValues("X-Forwarded-For", out IEnumerable<string> headerValues))
{
result = headerValues.FirstOrDefault();
}
// Web-hosting
else if (httpRequestMessage.Properties.ContainsKey("MS_HttpContext"))
{
result = ((HttpContextWrapper)httpRequestMessage.Properties["MS_HttpContext"]).Request.UserHostAddress;
}
// Self-hosting
else if (httpRequestMessage.Properties.ContainsKey(RemoteEndpointMessageProperty.Name))
{
RemoteEndpointMessageProperty prop;
prop = (RemoteEndpointMessageProperty)httpRequestMessage.Properties[RemoteEndpointMessageProperty.Name];
result = prop.Address;
}
return result;
}
答案 5 :(得分:-1)
carlosfigueira提供的解决方案有效,但类型安全的单行更好:在您的操作方法中添加using System.Web
然后访问HttpContext.Current.Request.UserHostAddress
。