Question

我想测试一个带有自己的设置模块的小型可重用应用程序。在应用程序的设置中访问全局（项目）设置以支持变量覆盖，例如

# in <my_app>/settings.py
from django.conf import settings
MY_SETTING_VAR = getattr(settings, 'MY_OVERRIDDEN_VAR', False)

当我使用 manage.py test myapp 运行测试时，我得到以下内容：

ImportError：无法导入设置，因为环境变量DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE未定义。

在这种情况下运行测试的正确方法是什么？

Answer 1

我不确定，我测试了你发布的内容，它对我有用：

<<< 12:18.25 Fri Feb 24 2012!~/testproject 
<<< jpic@germaine!10019 env
>>> ./manage.py test testapp                   
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
Destroying old test database 'default'...
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s

OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...
<<< 12:18.27 Fri Feb 24 2012!~/testproject 
<<< jpic@germaine!10020 env
>>> cat testapp/tests.py
from django.test import TestCase

from .settings import *

class SomeTestCase(TestCase):
    def testSomething(self):
        self.assertEqual(MY_SETTING_VAR, 'default')
<<< 12:18.30 Fri Feb 24 2012!~/testproject 
<<< jpic@germaine!10021 env
>>> cat testapp/settings.py
from django.conf import settings
MY_SETTING_VAR = getattr(settings, 'MY_OVERRIDDEN_VAR', 'default')

您希望确保您的实际代码符合此工作代码。

应用程序包含演示应用程序或至少允许测试的虚拟项目会更好。例如：

<<< 12:42.56 Fri Feb 24 2012!~/testproject/testapp 
<<< jpic@germaine!10034 E:1 env
>>> pip install -e git+git@github.com:subsume/django-subscription.git#egg=sub
Obtaining sub from git+git@github.com:subsume/django-subscription.git#egg=sub
  Cloning git@github.com:subsume/django-subscription.git to /home/jpic/env/src/sub
  Running setup.py egg_info for package sub

Installing collected packages: sub
  Running setup.py develop for sub

    Creating /home/jpic/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django-subscription.egg-link (link to .)
    Removing django-subscription 0.0 from easy-install.pth file
    Adding django-subscription 0.1 to easy-install.pth file

    Installed /home/jpic/env/src/sub
Successfully installed sub
Cleaning up...
<<< 12:43.08 Fri Feb 24 2012!~/testproject/testapp 
<<< jpic@germaine!10035 env
<<< 12:43.11 Fri Feb 24 2012!~/testproject/testapp 
<<< jpic@germaine!10035 env
>>> cd ../../env/src/sub
<<< 12:43.15 Fri Feb 24 2012!~/env/src/sub 
<<< jpic@germaine!10036 G:master env
>>> ls
django_subscription.egg-info  docs  README  setup.py  subscription  subscription_test_project
<<< 12:43.16 Fri Feb 24 2012!~/env/src/sub 
<<< jpic@germaine!10037 G:master env
>>> cd subscription_test_project 
<<< 12:43.20 Fri Feb 24 2012!~/env/src/sub/subscription_test_project 
<<< jpic@germaine!10038 G:master env
>>> ./manage.py test subscription
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
........
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 8 tests in 0.012s

OK
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...

Answer 2

ImportError：无法导入设置，因为未定义环境变量DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE。

你得到这个是因为DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE不在你的python环境变量中......要解决你的问题，你必须将其定义为

import os
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = '<django_application_root>.settings'

您可以将其添加到根__init__.py文件...

使用Django testrunner测试可重用的Django应用程序

2 个答案: